DEFINITIONS - Circle Seal

1 PRODUCT APPLICATIONS ENGINEERING DATA - 1 DEFINITIONSBACK PRESSURE:The pressure that is on the outlet side of a PRESSURE:Four times working pressure unless otherwise specified bycustomer. Actual burst is when a fracture occurs. Fractureoccurs when the force on the weakest part of a unit reaches theultimate strength of the PRESSURE:The pressure at which a component starts to open. Circle SealControls definition is 5cc/min air for an elastomer and SCFMfor :Flow capability indication commonly accepted by the valve indus-try. The literal definition is that a component with a Cv of one (1)can flow one (1) gallon of water with a P of one (1) PSI.

2 Thecalculated results from Cv equations must be considered reason-able approximations ( P ):Difference between inlet and outlet :The difference between the set pressure of a regulator and theoutlet pressure immediately downstream of the regulator at acertain flowing sharp edge orifice diameter. = CvLOCK UP:The downstream pressure at which a regulator shuts :The gas or liquid that a component will be subjected PRESSURE:1-1/2 times the working pressure unless otherwise specified bythe customer. No permanent deformation is allowed at PRESSURE:The pressure at which a relief valve PRESSURE:The pressure at which a component is closed after it has PRESSURE:The cracking pressure of a relief valve or back pressure regulator,the lockup pressure of a regulator, the shut-off pressure of a FLOW:Flow is sonic when the P is equal to or greater than 1/2 of the inletpressure.

3 Also called choked flow. PRODUCT APPLICATIONS ENGINEERING DATA - 2 SPECIFIC GRAVITY:The ratio of the density of one substance to that of a referencesubstance. Reference substance is water for liquids and air FLOW:Flow is subsonic when the P is less than 1/2 of the inlet :All metal parts in contact with media except the PRESSURE:Maximum pressure that a component will be subjected to undernormal working LEAK:Standard Circle Seal definition of zero leakage is:3 x 10-4 scc / bubbles / min4 minutes / bubble PRODUCT APPLICATIONS ENGINEERING DATA - 3 LIQUID FLOW CV EQUATIONCv =Q G PThis equation applied to all liquids including cryogenic - Flow coefficientQ - Flow in GPM P - Differential Pressure (Difference between inlet and outlet pressure) in - Specific Gravity (Taken from Properties of Liquids)EXAMPLEGIVEN.

4 Flow - 20 GPM of WaterInlet pressure - 100 PSIGO utlet pressure - 95 PSIGFIND THE Cv = 20 GPMI nlet pressure = 100 PSIO utlet pressure = 95 P = 5 PSIM edia = WaterSpecific Gravity of Water = = Q G = 20 P 5Cv = 20 x 1 = GALLON OF WATER EQUALS LB. OF WATER EQUALS .1198 GALLONS PRODUCT APPLICATIONS ENGINEERING DATA - 4 GAS FLOW Cv EQUATIONSUBSONIC FLOWDEFINITIONFlow is subsonic when the P (differential pressure) is less than 1/2 of the inlet = Q G P2 PLEGENDCv - Flow coefficientQ - Flow in SCFM P - Differential Pressure (Difference between inlet and outlet pressure) in - Specific gravity of Media (Taken from Properties of Gases)P1 - Inlet pressure in PSIA (PSIG + )P2 - Outlet pressure in PSIA (PSIG + )EXAMPLE GIVEN.

5 Flow - 100 SCFM of N2 Inlet Pressure - 100 PSIGO utlet Pressure - 75 PSIG FIND THE Cv = 100 SCFM N2 Inlet Pressure = 100 PSIGP1 = 100 PSIG + = PSIAO utlet Pressure = 75 PSIGP2 = 75 PSIG + = PSIA P = P1 - P2 = PSIA - PSIA P = 25 PSIM edia = N2 Specific Gravity of N2 = = Q GP2 PCv = 100 x 25Cv = 100 x = = 2242 PRODUCT APPLICATIONS ENGINEERING DATA - 5 GAS FLOW Cv EQUATIONSONIC FLOWDEFINITIONFlow is sonic when the P (Differential Pressure) is equal to or greater than 1/2 of theinlet = Q G P1 / 2 LEGENDCv - Flow - Flow in SCFM.

6 P - Differential Pressure (Difference between inlet and outlet pressure) in - Specific Gravity of Media. (Taken from Properties of Gases)P1 - Inlet Pressure in PSIA. (PSIG + )P2 - Outlet Pressure in PSIA. (PSIG + )EXAMPLE GIVEN: Flow = 100 SCFM of N2 Inlet Pressure = 100 PSIGO utlet Pressure = 25 PSIGFIND THE Cv = 100 SCFM of N2 Inlet Pressure = 100 PSIGP1 = 100 PSIG + = PSIAO utlet Pressure = 25 PSIGP2 = 25 PSIG + = PSIA P = P1 - P2 = - = 75 PSIM edia - N2 Specific Gravity of N2 = = Q _G = 100 = 100 x P1 / 2 / 2 = PRODUCT APPLICATIONS ENGINEERING DATA - 12 CONVERSIONSLENGTH1 micron= 10 -6 meter1 millimicron= 10-9 meter1 micron= X 10-5 micromicron = 10-12 meterVOLUME1 cc= 20 drops oil (approx.)

7 1 cu 327 drops oil1 cc= 16 bubbles from= ccMS33656-4 Fitting= oz. fluid1 ml= cu 3785 cc= oz fluid= 231 cu cu ft= 128 oz fluid= 1,728 cu cu 28,316 cc1 liter= cu liters1 cc= cu psi1 ft H20= psi= in Hg1 psi= in H201 in Hg= psi= in Hg= in H20= ft H201 in H20= psi= in HgTEMPERATURE F C R K F= (9/5) C + 32 R= F + 460320492273 C= 5/9 ( F - 32)7021530294 K= C + 273212100671492 PRODUCT APPLICATIONS ENGINEERING DATA - 13 COMPARISON OF LEAKAGE RATES IN VARIOUS UNITSscc/secscc/minscc/hrbubbles/mintime /bubblein3 x 10-5*3 x x 10-53 x x x 10-610-66 x x x x 10-8**10-86 x x x 10-61730 x 10-10*Standard leakage for zero leak.

8 ** Standard leakage for helium leak CONVERT CFM TO SCFM Q = Pstd where Pstd = PSIAQstd PGIVEN:Q=20 CFMP=294 PSIAQstd =(Q P) / PstdPstd =(20 CFM) (294 PSIA) PSIA=400 SCFMTO CONVERT PSI TO INCHES H2O1 PSI = in H2O (60 F)1 in H2O = PSITYPICAL SPECIFIC GRAVITIESL iquids: Crude to . Oil - Mineral Oil - Phosphate Ester Oil - Oil - Water Glycol PRODUCT APPLICATIONS ENGINEERING DATA - 14 TYPICAL SPECIFIC GRAVITIES (Cont.) (Air) = M (any gas) x (any gas) x _1 / G (any gas)EXAMPLE:Convert mass flow (lb/min) of any gas to volumeflow (SCFM) of :M (He) = 1 lb/min, G (He) =.

9 138 Qstd = M x = 1 x x _1 / Sg .138 x _1 / .138= SCFM (Air) PRODUCT APPLICATIONS ENGINEERING DATA - 15 OXYGEN SERVICEC A U T I O NCharging an oxygen system presents inherent hazards which cannot always behandled with absolute safety, especially with pressures in excess of 2000 product has been cleaned and must be maintained in accordance with CircleSeal Controls CSC/CCD or better for oxygen service. Materials used havebeen determined to be compatible for use with oxygen. Materials (elastomerics,plastic and other soft substances) have been tested in accordance with MIL-V-5027D @ 2175 and cleaning are sufficient for oxygen service applications to 3000 PSIG per MIL-V-5027D.

10 For oxygen applications over 3000 PSI the user isresponsible for establishing system cleanliness andoperational requirements. Consult with your company s Engineering/Safety orManagement personnel before using this CAUTION should be observed when operating this product for oxygenservice. Operate/Turn handle VERY SLOWLY whencharging a system and when venting a system to prevent FIRE and cleanliness must be maintained to prevent ignition causing FIRE BULLETIN CD-391-L2301 WARDLOW Circle CORONA, CA 92880 TEL: (951)270-6200 FAX: (951)270-6201