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Design guidline for Small Waste Water Treatment Works

PW 2011/1 Small Waste Water Treatment Works DPW Design GUIDELINES JUNE 2012 CONTENTS PAGE 1. INTRODUCTION 1 2. LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK 2 INTRODUCTION 2 APPLICABLE LEGISLATION 2 CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA, 1996 2 national ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ACT No 107 of 1998 2 national Water ACT, No 36 of 1998 3 Water SERVICES ACT, No 108 of 1997 3 ENVIRONMENT CONSERVATION ACT, No 73 OF 1989 4 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & SAFETY ACT, No 85 of 1993 5 OTHER LEGISLATION 5 WASTEWATER Treatment Works REGULATIONS 5 LEGAL CONSIDERATIONS 6 PERMIT FOR PLANT 6 3.

4. decision making process 18 4.1 national water act, 1998, wastewater discharge standards dwa 2010 guidelines 18 4.2 main flow sheet 19

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Transcription of Design guidline for Small Waste Water Treatment Works

1 PW 2011/1 Small Waste Water Treatment Works DPW Design GUIDELINES JUNE 2012 CONTENTS PAGE 1. INTRODUCTION 1 2. LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK 2 INTRODUCTION 2 APPLICABLE LEGISLATION 2 CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA, 1996 2 national ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ACT No 107 of 1998 2 national Water ACT, No 36 of 1998 3 Water SERVICES ACT, No 108 of 1997 3 ENVIRONMENT CONSERVATION ACT, No 73 OF 1989 4 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & SAFETY ACT, No 85 of 1993 5 OTHER LEGISLATION 5 WASTEWATER Treatment Works REGULATIONS 5 LEGAL CONSIDERATIONS 6 PERMIT FOR PLANT 6 3.

2 BASIC Design CONSIDERATIONS 7 GENERAL 7 DOMESTIC SEWAGE FLOW 7 SEWAGE STRENGTH 8 SITE SELECTION 9 FLOOD PROTECTION 9 STAFF FACILITIES 9 ESSENTIAL FACILITIES FOR SEWAGE PUMP STATIONS 11 EMERGENCY POWER SUPPLY 11 OPERABILITY AND RELIABILITY 11 WARNING SYSTEMS 11 SAMPLING EQUIPMENT 12 AUTOMATIC SAMPLING 12 MANUAL SAMPLING 12 NEW TECHNOLOGY 13 HYDRAULICS 13 HEALTH AND SAFETY 13 OPERATOR REQUIREMENTS 14 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE 15 GENERAL OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL 15 SITE REQUIREMENTS 15 MECHANICAL & ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT AND PIPEWORK 15 CORROSION PROTECTION 16 4.

3 DECISION MAKING PROCESS 18 national Water ACT, 1998 , WASTEWATER DISCHARGE STANDARDS DWA 2010 GUIDELINES 18 MAIN FLOW SHEET 19 CHECKLISTS FOR FIGURE 1 20 CHECKLIST FOR FIGURE 2, 3, 4 & 5 21 FLOW SHEETS AND NOTES 21 SA SPECIAL STANDARDS FLOW SHEET 1 22 SA SPECIAL STANDARDS FLOW NOTES 1 23 SA SPECIAL STANDARDS FLOW SHEET 2 28 SA SPECIAL STANDARDS FLOW NOTES 2 29 SA GENERAL STANDARDS FLOW SHEET 3 36 SA GENERAL STANDARDS FLOW NOTES 3 37 SA GENERAL STANDARDS FLOW SHEET 4 41 SA GENERAL STANDARDS FLOW NOTES 4 42 5. LIFE CYCLE COST 49 INSTRUCTIONS FOR USING LIFE CYCLE COST/MODEL 49 LIFE CYCLE COST MODEL FOR Water , WASTEWATER SYSTEMS 53 6.

4 REFERENCES 61 PUBLICATIONS 61 LEGISLATION 62 STATUTES 62 REGULATIONS 62 7. APPENDICES 63 APPENDIX 1: GENERAL INFORMATION ON SLUDGE CO-DISPOSAL ON LANDFILL 65 APPEXDIX 2: GUIDE: PERMISSIBLE UTILISATION AND DISPOSAL OF TREATED SEWAGE EFFLUENT 72 APPENDIX 3: ABSTRACTS OF A GUIDE TO THE Design OF SEWAGE PURIFICATION Works 81 Chapter 3 - Nightsoil Intakes 81 Chapter 6- Maturation Ponds 82 Chapter 7- Sludge Digestion and Processing 84 APPENDIX 4: SCHEDULES FOR WASTEWATER Treatment Works 91 96 Schedule II: Registration and Classification of a Water Works used for the Treatment of Waste and the disposal or re-use of treated Water Schedule III.

5 Waterworks process controller registration TABLES PAGE Table 1: national Water Act Waste discharge standards DWA 2010 guidelines .. 16 Table 2: Checklist A .. 18 Table 3: Checklist 18 Table 4: Checklist 18 Table 5: Checklist D .. 19 Table 6: Checklist E .. 19 TABLE OF FIGURES PAGE Figure 1: Main Flow Sheet .. 17 Figure 2: Flow Sheet 1 .. 20 Figure 3: Flow Sheet 2 .. 26 Figure 4: Flow Sheet 3 .. 34 Figure 5: Flow Sheet 4 .. 40 Figure 6: Illustration of the area method of sludge co-disposal on Figure 7: Illustration of the toe method of sludge co-disposal on Figure 8: Illustration of the trench method of sludge co-disposal on Figure 9.

6 Proposed alternative method for sludge co-disposal on GLOSSARY OF ACRONYMS ADWF Average Dry Weather Flow AE Acceptable Exposure BOD Biochemical Oxygen Demand BPEO Best Practical Environmental Option CIGMAT Center Grouting Materials and Technology COD Chemical Oxygen Demand DEA Department of Environmental Affairs DEAT Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism DOJ Department of Justice DPW Department of Public Works DWA Department of Water Affairs DWF Dry Weather Flow EA Environmental Authorisation ECA Environment Conservation Act EEC Estimated Environmental Concentration EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMP Environmental Management Plan FOG Fat.

7 Oil and Grease HD Household Density HR Hazard Rating I Infiltration kPa Kilo Pascal LCC Life Cycle Cost LCCA Life Cycle Cost Analysis NEMA national Environmental Management Act NH4 Ammonium NWA national Water Act O & M Operation and Maintenance OD Oxidation Pond OHS Occupational Health and Safety PDEA Provincial Departments of Environmental Affairs PDWF Peak Dry Weather Flow PL Pipe Length PLH Pipe Length per House Hold PS Primary and Secondary Treatment RBC Rotating Biological Contactors SG Specific Gravity SP-STD Special Standard SS Stainless Steel STD General Standard TSS Total Suspended Solids UPVC Unplasticised Poly Vinyl Chloride UV Ultra Violet WSA Water Service Act WWF Wet Weather Flow WWTP Wastewater Treatment plant Small Wastewater Treatment Design Manual March 2011 Page 1 1.

8 INTRODUCTION This document s purpose is to direct the Design process for designing the best and most appropriate wastewater process for effluent which is generated by Small scale on site operations, up to 100 m3/day such as police stations, border posts, DOJ etc. Larger plants are also addressed to some extent. In this manual, the best appropriate process for such Small Waste Water Treatment plants has already been identified as the Rotating Biological Contactors (biodiscs) systems and biological trickling filters (biofiters) for larger quantities. Consultants designing such plants for the DPW need to take cognizance of all the criteria set out herein and must ensure that apart from that the best available practices as regards such processes are incorporated into the Design .

9 The designers of such plants are however still to consider other alternatives if the circumstances so dictate. The Consulting Engineer will still be responsible for the process of the sewage Treatment Works irrespective of whether he/she incorporates a patented or package plant in his/her Design The Consulting Engineer is also responsible to ensure that the plant finally conforms to the process requirements and shall provide the necessary assistance to the Department until the plant has reached stability and the effluent complies with the specified Design parameters on a yearly basis. In all designs, cognisance must be taken of: 1) Legislative requirements 2) Environmental aspects 3) Critical Design and planning criteria 4) Reliability and power consumption 5) Best practice and operations 6) Health and safety 7) Maintenance Small Domestic Wastewater Treatment Plant Guideline March 2011 Page 2 2.

10 LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK INTRODUCTION Designers of wastewater Treatment Works are responsible for the understanding and implementation of all relevant legislation regarding the planning, Design , construction and operation of wastewater Treatment Works according to the Internal Guideline: Generic Water Use Authorisation Application Process, August 2007 by DWA. It is of utmost importance for the designers to be aware of such legislative requirements and make use of the most up to date versions. APPLICABLE LEGISLATION CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA ACT, 1996 The Constitution, which is the cornerstone of the democracy in South Africa, lays the foundation of a more just and equitable society.


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