Design of Structural Steel Joints

1 Design of Structural Steel JointsDr. Klaus WeynandFeldmann + Weynand GmbH, Aachen, GermanyProf. Jean-Pierre JaspartUniversity of Li ge, BelgiumDesign of Structural Steel Joints Introduction Integration of Joints into Structural Design process Moment resistant Joints Simple Joints Design toolsDesign of Structural Steel Joints Introduction Integration of Joints into Structural Design process Moment resistant Joints Simple Joints Design toolsEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014EN 1993 Part 1 IntroductionChapter 2 Basis of designChapter 3 Connections made with bolts, rivets or pinsChapter 4 Welded connectionsChapter 5 Analysis, classification and modellingChapter 6 Structural Joints connecting H or I sectionsChapter 7 Hollow section jointsEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 Design of simple jointsECCS Publication No126 (EN) Background information Design guidelinesEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 20142 Basis of Design Partial safety coefficientsEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 20143 Connections made mechanical fastenersEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 20144 Welded connectionsDesign of Structural Steel Joints Introduction Integration of Joints into Structural Design process Moment resistant Joints Simple Joints Design toolsEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 Actual joint responseEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 Actual joint responseM M RdS j,ini cdEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels.

2 16 -17 October 2014 Influence on the Structural response Displacements Internal forces Failure mode and failure load Eurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014M M ???M CharacterizationModellingClassificationI dealizationFour successive steps for Structural integrationEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 CharacterizationSearch for a unified approach whatever the materialM ???Eurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 Various configurations (1)ContinuityBeam-to-beamColumnbasesEuro codes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 Various configurations (2) Joints in portal framesEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 Various configurations (3)Connections and Joints incomposite constructionEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 Various cross-section shapes (1)Hot-rolled andcold-formedEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 Various cross-section shapes (2)

3 Built-up profiles Eurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 Various connection elementsSplicesCleatsEnd platesEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 EconomyReduced fabrication, transportation and erection costs Eurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 Specific Design criteriaRobustness Joints as key elementsEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 Characterization (1)Search for a unified approachM ???Eurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 Characterization (2)Eurocode 3 Part 1-8 Beam-to-beam Joints , splices, beam-to-column Joints and column bases: welded connections bolted connections (anchors for column bases)Background:COMPONENT METHODE urocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 Three stepsFirst stepIdentification of the active componentsSecond step:Response of the componentsThird step: Assembly of the componentsFFFE k1E k2E k3F1,RdF2,RdF3,Rd column webin shearcolumn webin tensioncolumn webin compressionMSj,iniMj,Rd cd ,,minj Rdi RdMFz 2,1j iniiEzSk Characterization (3) -component methodEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 Characterization (4) -component methodEC3 Part 1-8 provides therefore.

4 A library of components rules for the evaluation of the properties of the components (stiffness, resistance, deformation capacity) rules for the evaluation of the possible component interactions assembly rules for componentsApplicable for simple joint and moment resistant jointEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 Characterization (4) Hollow section jointsDifferent approach for lattice girder jointsFor many types of joint configurations: Joints considered as a whole Check of relevant failure modes Scope of application to be checkedEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014M M ???M CharacterizationModellingClassificationI dealizationFour successive steps for Structural integrationEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 Classification (1)StiffnessSj,ini PinnedSemi-rigidRigidMjBoundaries for stiffnessJoint initial stiffnessSemi-rigidRigidPinnedClassifica tion boundariesInitial joint stiffnessEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 Classification (2)ResistanceMj,RdPartial-strengthFull-s trengthPinned MjBoundaries for strengthJoint strengthFull resistancePartial resistancePinnedClassification boundariesJoint resistanceEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 Classification (3)Ductility Brittle Semi-ductile Ductile MjEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014M M ?

5 ??M CharacterizationModellingClassificationI dealizationFour successive steps for Structural integrationEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 ModellingJOINTMODELLINGBEAM-TO-COLUMN JOINTSMAJOR AXIS BENDINGBEAMSPLICESCOLUMNBASESSIMPLESEMI- CONTINUOUSCONTINUOUS Eurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014M M ???M CharacterizationModellingClassificationI dealizationFour successive steps for Structural integrationDesign of Structural Steel Joints Introduction Integration of Joints into Structural Design process Moment resistant Joints Simple Joints Design toolsEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 ExampleSingle sided beam-to-column joint configuration, bolted end-plate connection++++MV153 IPE220 HEB14012060108030302404 M16 be evaluated: Design moment resistance , initial stiffness011, 01, 0MM Material: S 235 Eurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 General data22140 2 12 2 12 92wccfcchhtrmm 2224295, 6 2 140 127 2 12 12 1307, 6vccc fcwccAAb ttrmm 80 70,80,8 12 26,922fccwtmrmm 140 803022cbwemm 22,0122350, 250, 258460/1, 0fcycpl fcMtfmNmm mm ColumnEquivalent T-stub in tensionF/4tFtF/4tF/4tF/4tmeleffEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 General data++++153 IPE22012060108030302404 M16 , 2220 1060 165, 422fbbtzhupmm 6,, 235 10 (classe 1 section)

6 67, 071, 0pl ybybc RdMWfMkNm Lever armBeamEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 General data22,0152350, 250, , 0pyppl pMtfmNmm mm mpmp280 5,90,8 20,82 3 33, 6622wbpwwtmamm 20,8 260 10 9, 2 0,8 2 5 35,14pfbfmp u tamm 140 803022ppbwemm End plateEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 General data5,5 133, 660,5333, 66 30pppmme 2235,140,5533, 66 30pppmme Alpha factor for effective lengthsEnd plateEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 General data3,0,90,9 800 157 1090, 431, 25ubst RdMbfAFkN 3,0, 60, 6 800 157 10 (shear plane in thread) 60, RdMbfAFkN 10,512 1510 14,82 4 47, 42bfcpboltnutLtthhmm BoltsEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 Component No1 Column web in shearVwpVwp FMzF3,,00,90,9 1307, 6 235 10159, 733 1, 0vcy cwwc RdMAfVkN Assumption :1 ,,1159, 7159, 71wc RdRdVFkN 10,380,38 1307, 63, 0041 165, 4vcAkmmh ResistanceStiffnesscoefficientTransforma tion parameterEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 Component No2 Column web in compression ,,min22 25;25min 9, 2 2 52 2 15 5 12 12 ; 9, 2 52 15 10 5 12 12161, 27eff c wcfbfpfcfbfpfcbtatts tatutsmm ,,Assumption :min 1, 0.

7 1, 7/1, 0wccom Edy wckf , ,,2161, 27 92 2350,9320,9320,543 0, 6731, 0210000 7 7eff c wccy wcpwcbd fEt 122,,110, 7131 1,3 161, 27 7 1307, 61 1,3/eff c wc wcvcbtA 3,2, ,,1/1 0, 713 1 161, 27 7 235 10 1, 0 189,1 Rdwceff c wc wcy wcMFkbtfkN ResistanceReduction factors to account for compression stresses and instabilityEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 Component No2 Column web in compressionF FkEiii ,,20, 70, 7 161, 27 78,58992eff c wc wcwcbtkmmh StiffnesscoefficientEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 Component No3 Column web in tension ,,min 2; 41, 25min 226,9; 4 26,9 1, 25 30145,10eff t wcbm memm 122,,110, 7491 1,3 145,1 7 1307, 61 1,3/eff t wc wcvcbtA 3,3, ,,0/0, 749 145,1 7 235 10 1, 0 178, 7 Rdeff t wc wcy wcMFbtfkN ,,30, 70, 7 145,1 77, 72892eff t wc wcwcbtkmmh ResistanceStiffnesscoefficientEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 Equivalent T-stub in tensionComponent No4 Column flange in bendingComponent No5 End plate in bendingF/4tFtF/4tF/4tF/4tmeleffEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014T-stub Effective lengthDistinction between circular and non-circular yield line patternsCircular patterns Non-circular patternsEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels.

8 16 -17 October 2014T-stub Effective lengthGroups effects to consider in addition to the individual response of each bolt-rowGroup 1+2 Group 2+3 Group 1+2+3 Row1 Row2 Row3 Eurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014T-stub Effective lengthGroups effects to consider in addition to the individual response of each bolt-rowRow3,3,3,,3, ;()RdRdindivRdgroupFmin FF Eurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 Bolt rows consideredIn this example: only bolt row 1 is considered for tension forces++++MV153 IPE220 HEB14012060108030302404 M16 - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 Component No4 Column flange in bending, ,, ,145,1(see column web in tension)eff t fceff t wclbmm min;1, 25 ;/ 2min 30;1, 25 26,9;3030pnem bwmm ResistanceEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 20143, ,,,3,, 2222 145,1 8460 2 90, 4 103010138,526,9 30eff t fcpl fct Rdfc Rd tlmBnFkNmn ,, 3,22 90, 43 180,9fc Rd tt RdFBkN Mode 1 -Complete yielding of the flangeMode 2 -Bolt failure with yielding of the flangeMode 3 -Bolt failureComponent No4 Column flange in bending, ,,3,, 144 145,1 846010182,526,9eff t fcpl fcfc Rd tlmFkNm Eurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 Component No4 Column flange in bending,4,, 1,, 2,, 3min;;138,5 Rdfc Rd tfc Rd tfc Rd tFFFFkN 33,,4330,90,9 145,1 1211,5926,9eff fc tfcltkmmm ResistanceStiffnesscoefficientEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 Component No5 End plate in bending ,,min 2;min 233, 66; 5,5 33, 66185eff t ppplmmmm min;1, 25;min 30.

9 1, 25 33, 66;3030pppnem emm , ,,3,,144 185 1:1029133, 66eff t ppl pep RdplmFkNm 3, ,,,3,,2222 185 2 90, 43 1030 Mode 2:10162,133, 66 30eff p tpl pt Rdpep RdpplmBnFkNmn ,5,,1,,2,,3min;;162,1 Rdep Rdep Rdep RdFFFFkN ResistanceEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 Component No5 End plate in bending33,,5330,90,9 185, 0 1514, 7333, 66eff t p ppltkmmm StiffnesscoefficientEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 Component No7 Beam flange and web in compression ,7,367, 07/318, 2210,8 10 Rdc RdbfbFMhtkN 7k ResistanceStiffnesscoefficientEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 Component No8 Beam web in tension, ,, ,185eff t wbeff t pblmm 3,8, ,0/185 5,9 235 10 1, 0 256,5 Rdeff t wb wbybMFbtfkN 8k ResistanceStiffnesscoefficientEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 Component No10 Bolts in tension,10,22 90, 43 180,9 Rdt RdFBkN 101571, 61, 65,3047, 4sbAkmmL Mode 3 in T-stubs for components.

10 Column flange in bending end plate in bending ResistanceStiffness coefficientEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014Mj,RdDesign moment resistance,min138,5(Column flange in bending)RdRd iFFkN 3,138,5 165, 4 1022,91j RdRdMF zkNm , ,,215, 273j el Rdj RdMMkNm Design plastic moment resistanceRelevant componentDesign elastic moment resistanceEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 Stiffness Sj,ini262,210000 165, 4 10/16234/1111113, 0048,5897, 728 11,59 14, 73 5,30j iniiiSE hkkNm rad ,/ 2 3117/jj iniSSkNm rad Initial stiffnessSecant stiffnessEurocodes - Design of Steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 -17 October 2014 Design moment-rotation characteristic MSj,iniSj,iniSjSj=/ Ersatzsteifigkeit:Mj,Rd2/3Mj,RdSecant stiffnessDesign of Structural Steel Joints Introduction Integration of Joints into Structural Design process