Development Key Issue 1 290-300 Why does development …

1 Development Key Issue 1 290-300 Why does Development vary among countries ? 1. What four different factors does the UN consider when determining a country s level of Development , its HDI (Human Development Index)? ECONOMIC INDICATORS OF Development 1a. What is gross domestic product (GDP)? 1b. How much does a typical worker in an MDC earn? in an LDC? 1c. What is the annual per capita GDP in an MDC? in an LDC? 1d. What has been happening to the gap between MDCs and LDCs in terms of GDP? 2. Explain this statement: Per capita GDP measure average (mean) wealth, not its distribution. TYPES OF JOBS 3a. What types of jobs comprise the primary sector of an economy? secondary sector? tertiary sector? 3b.

2 How is the % of workers in agriculture different in LDCs and MDCs? 3c. Within MDCs, what is the trend (increasing or decreasing) for each of the sectors? Primary Secondary Tertiary PRODUCTVITY 4. Define each of the following related terms: productivity value added RAW MATERIALS Development Key Issue 1 290-300 Why does Development vary among countries ? 5a. What is the role of raw materials in Development ? 5b. How did raw materials figure into the trade flows during the colonial period of the 19th century? 5b. List 4 countries that have developed, despite their lack of resources, through world trade. CONSUMER GOODS 6a. What three consumer goods are considered to be particularly good indicators of Development ?

3 6b. What is the ratio of people to these types of goods in a typical MDC? in a typical LDC? 6c. The people in LDCs who do have access to consumer goods are usually concentrated in what regions? SOCIAL INDICATORS OF Development 7a. Quantity of education: How many years of schooling does a person get in an average MDC? LDC? EDUCATION AND LITERACY 7b. How does gender separate MDCs and LDCs in terms of education? 7c. What is the literacy rate in MDCs? in LDCs? 8. What are three ways in which the level of health and welfare are measured in a country? Development Key Issue 1 290-300 Why does Development vary among countries ? Development Key Issue #2 Where Are More and Less Developed countries Distributed?

4 300-309 As you read the text, identify the average HDI (Human Development Index) for each region in the left column and make any necessary commentary regarding the level of Development in the region in the right column. Development Key Issue #2 Where Are More and Less Developed countries Distributed? 300-309 Development Key Issue 3 Where does Level of Development vary by Gender? 309-314 GENDER-RELATED Development INDEX 1. The GDI considers what four areas as it compares the situation of women to that of men in various countries ? 2a. Where are the highest GDIs? 2b. Where are GDIs the lowest? 3. What is the average income gap between men and women in the United States? 4. In LDCs, at what level of schooling does an education gap between boys and girls become very great?

5 5. Read the following statements regarding literacy and mark them as true or false. If false, repair the statement to make it true. ___ a. In MDCs literacy is universal among both women and men. ___b. In Latin America and Asia, literacy is universal among men, but rates are low for women. ___c. In sub-Saharan Africa and the Middle East, female literacy is low, but it is slightly higher than that of men. 6. In what sense is the gender gap actually greater in MDCs than in LDCs? GENDER EMPOWERMENT 7. What does the GEM (Gender Empowerment Measure) measure? 8. What two things are measured in order to calculate the GEM? a) b) Development Key Issue 3 Where does Level of Development vary by Gender? 309-314 9.

6 What types of barriers restrict women from obtaining professional and technical jobs? 10. List countries in which women comprise a majority in the national parliament or congress. 11a. In what country/region do women comprise a larger part of national government than anywhere else in the world? 11b. What percentage of legislators there are women? 12. What is that percentage in the United States? Development : Key Issue 4 Why do Less Developed countries Face Obstacles to Development ? 314-323 1. Complete the table below with notes from the text on two different models of Development . Development : Key Issue 4 Why do Less Developed countries Face Obstacles to Development ? 314-323 2. Which of the two models for Development has shown the most success?

7 3. Mark each of the following statements, regarding the WTO, as true or false. If false, make them true. ___(a) The WTO was formed by countries which conduct the majority of international trade. ___(b) The WTO seeks to increase import quotas and reduce import and export tariffs. ___(c) Though it can hear accusations, the WTO cannot order remedies. ___(d) The WTO seeks to eliminate restrictions on the flow of money between countries . 3b. Why have each of the following groups been critical of the WTO? Development : Key Issue 4 Why do Less Developed countries Face Obstacles to Development ? 314-323 i. Liberals: ii. Conservatives: FINANCING Development 1. What are the two principal ways in which LDCs obtain money to finance Development ?

8 A. b. Loans 2. Identify the two main sources, both controlled by MDCs, of loans for LDCs. a. b. 3. What is the THEORY behind using loans for infrastructure projects in LDCs? 4. In PRACTICE, what has usually happened when loans have been used for these infrastructure projects? 5. What are structural adjustment programs? 6. Why do LDCs enact structural adjustment programs, even though they may be unpopular with the citizens of their countries ? Transnational Corporations 7. What is a transnational corporation? 8. List the five countries in which most transnational corporations are headquartered. a. b. c. Development : Key Issue 4 Why do Less Developed countries Face Obstacles to Development ?

9 314-323 d. e. 9. The flow of money in transnational corporations is not balanced. This is true in TWO ways. Explain. 10. Who is making the primary investments in South America? in Asia?