DGNSSを取り巻く世界動向 - jana.or.jp

1 1 18 4 7 2 1996 5 11 1997 3 22 2 1998 4 1 11 1999 4 1 14 EU( 3 - 3 GPS L1 1 m 2012 L1 L2 m 2015 L1 L2 L5 1m 2008 E5A E5B C1 ( m GLONASS m 2006 m 2010 GPS 24 m GPS DGNSS) 2008 1 2009 2 GNSS 4 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07 '08 '09 '10 '11 '12 '13 '14 '15 '16H15 H16 H17 H18 H19 H20 H21 H22 H23 H24 H25 H26 H27 H28 GPSIOCFOC L2C IOCFOC L5 GNSS-2 FOCG alileoGNSS- Glonass 18 IOC Glonass-M 24 FOC Glonass-K 1 2 FOC 5 GNSS UN(United Nations ) ITU(International TelecommunicationUnion )ITU-R( ) RTCM SC 104 IMO(International Maritime Organization COMSAR.))

2 Rediocommunications and Search and Rescue( )10m 10 ICAO(International Civil Aviation Organization ) FANS CNS/ATM IALA(International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities )R-NAV( ) m ) AIS ( 6 PNT(Positioning Navigation & Timing) FRP(Federal Radio navigation Plan RTCM SC 104 GLONASS ( ) EU Galileo ( Soyuz ) DGPS NDGPS 7 GNSS IALA IALA GNSS IMO (22) IMO (23) GNSS ITU-R IMO IALA GNSS IMO (22) e-Navigation IALA DGNSS DGNSS 8 IALA DGNSS GNSS DGNSS RSIM SBAS DGNSS Network 10 11 9 IALA DGNSS GNSS IALA GNSS 1990 1995 2000 (GNSS) IALA (R-NAV))

3 IMO (22) GNSS 10 IALA DGNSS GNSS IALA GPS (SBAS WAAS EGNOS MSAS) (AIS) RTK) e-Loran 11 System AccuracyCoverage Integrity Continuity Cost to Provider Cost to user Marine Standards( ( ( l ) ( ( IALA1-3m* local/regional highmoderatelow Y DGNSS / SBAS2-5m* regional/global high highlow No / AIS1-3mlocal?moderatelow low Yes Pseudolites sub-metrelocal moderatehigh moderate No 1m e-Loran 1-3mregional highlow**moderate No RTK sub-metrelocal?)))

4 Lowmoderate high No * ** IALA DGNSS GNSS 12 IALA DGNSS GNSS DGNSS IALA DGNSS GNSS IMO GNSS 13 IALA DGNSS GNSS GNSS 14 IALA DGNSS GNSS IALA DGNSS IMO 10 15 IALA DGNSS GNSS IALA DGNSS ( 7 3 ( RSIM GNSS VRS))

5 SBAS WAAS EGNOS SBAS 16 IALA DGNSS GNSS GNSS 1m GLONASS GPS L2C L5 50-200 RTK RRC 20% 17 IALA DGNSS GNSS DGNSS Network DGNSS SBAS SBAS( WAAS)

6 GNSS RTCM GNSS RTCM WAAS EGNOS 18 IALA DGNSS GNSS DGNSS 19 IALA DGNSS GNSS 10 ITU RTCM ITU IMO IALA IEC DGNSS IMO SOLAS DGNSS WWRNS 20 IALA DGNSS GNSS 11 IALA DGNN IALA DGNSS RSIM VRS SBAS 10 GPS L2C/L5 Glonass M 21 GNSS

7 GPS) DGNSS GPS) GNSSGNSS GPS)GPS) 1967 NNSS 1978 1985 GPS I 1992 GPS,ICAO 1995 GPS 1996 NNSS 2000 SA DGDGNSSNSS GGPSPS 1983 RTCM-SC104 1986 USCG, 1992 ITU IALAGPS) 1996 ITU DGNSS) 1997 DGPS 22 GNSSGNSS IMO A. / / IMO A. 95 100 / / DGNSS 23 SOLAS 1974 V GMDSS, AIS GMDSS, 24 1999 GMDSS DGPS 12 DGPS IALA R-121)

8 IMO IALA 2006 3 RNAV WG DGPS DGNSS IMO 25 DGNSSDGNSS IALA GNSS AIS, ECDIS 26 DGNSSDGNSS IALA DNSS) VHF AIS) Loran C Eurofix) C WAAS DGNSS) MSAS) e-Navigation 27EE--NavigationNavigation E-Navigation DGNSS C GPS ECDIS VTS AIS GMDSS 28 16 498,067 3,936 15 DGPS 107,650 29 30 SOLAS 1974 V AIS, GNSS 15 1 3 953 500GT 31 DGNSSVRS 32 DGNSS DGPS 12,000 931 / VRS/DGPS GPS ( ) DGPS 0,5m 5m DGPS 10,500 931 / VRS/DGPS( )

9 DGPS m 200 / 16/ DGPS/RTK DGPS m 500 7/41 FM DGPS ( ) GPex 27/27 DGPS / DGNSS 33 DGNSS 2008 2012 2006 8/MTSAT DGPS MSASz 2012 z IMO GPS GLONASS IALA RNAV z MSAS 2006 WAAS EGNOS 34 DGNSS AIS 17 DGPS 16 17 18 19 DGPS AIS AIS 35 DGNSS IMO IALA IALA DGNSS

10 GALILEO AIS Class A B) e-Loran C DGNSS 36R-NAV23 RRC z 20% z z 1 Glonass-M L2C/L5 z Glonass-M zL2C/L5 z z IM RS z IALA DGNSS DGNSS 37R-NAV23 DGPS Glonass-M L2C/L5 DGPS Glonass-M L2C/L5 DGPS DGPS DGNSS 38