Dike Design and Construction Guidelines Best …

1 Ministry of Water, Land & Air Protection dike Design and Construction GuideBest management practices forBritish Columbia Flood Hazard management SectionEnvironmental Protection Division Province of British ColumbiaMinistry of Water, Land and Air Protection July 2003 dike Design Guidelines best management practices for British Columbia i dike Design and Construction Guide best management practices For British Columbia Flood Hazard management Section Environmental Protection Division Province of British Columbia Ministry of Water, Land and Air Protection July 2003 Prepared by: Golder Associates Ltd.

2 And Associated Engineering ( ) Ltd. dike Design Guidelines best management practices for British Columbia ii National Library of Canada Cataloguing in Publication Data. Main entry under title: dike Design and Construction guide: best management practices for British Columbia. Running title: dike Guideline: best management practices for British Columbia. Includes bibliographical references: p. ISBN 0-7726-4996-0. 1. Dikes (Engineering) - Design and Construction .

3 2. Dikes (Engineering) - British Columbia - management . 3. Flood damage prevention - British Columbia I. British Columbia. Flood Hazard management Section. II. Golder Associates. III. Associated Engineering ( ) Ltd. 2003 '09711 C2003-960144-7 dike Design Guidelines best management practices for British Columbia iii DISCLAIMER This document has been prepared under contract to the province of British Columbia and Golder Associates Engineering (BC) Ltd. assume no responsibility or liability as to the use or interpretation of the document.

4 It is recommended that Qualified Professional Engineers be engaged for the Design and Construction of diking works. dike Design Guidelines best management practices for British Columbia iv dike Design AND Construction GUIDE best management practices FOR BRITISH COLUMBIA Many communities in British Columbia are subject to flood hazards. British Columbians need well designed and reliable flood protection works for both safety and sustained economic development.

5 To support these objectives, this Guide consolidates and summarizes best management practices for dike Design and Construction , specifically for this province. It is hoped that the Guide will assist diking authorities, Design professionals and others in fulfilling dike Design requirements as legislated under the British Columbia dike Maintenance Act. Good dike Design practice involves a variety of activities each aimed at ensuring that the new, repaired, upgraded, or changed works are constructed to an appropriate standard.

6 To meet the standards, qualified professionals with suitable expertise must be involved. This would typically include water resources engineers and geotechnical engineers with demonstrated dike Design experience. Structural Design and hydraulic specialists, biologists and other professionals should also be retained to Design specific project components and facilitate agency approvals. The Guide presents Design and Construction standards in a generalized form only. Application of this information for specific projects requires site specific Design and expert advice.

7 I would welcome receiving comments about the Guide and about any dike Design , Construction and maintenance issues in the province. Please direct these to the office of the Inspector of Dikes, or to the regional Deputy Inspectors of Dikes, Ministry of Water, Land and Air Protection. Neil Peters, P. Eng. Inspector of Dikes June, 2003 dike Design Guidelines best management practices for British Columbia v TABLE OF CONTENTS 1-1 Purpose and Limitations of Flooding in British Columbia.

8 1-2 Flood Hazards ..1-3 Tsunami ..1-3 Debris Flood And Debris Flow Erosion Hazards ..1-5 Ice Jams and Global Warming ..1-6 Legislation and Regulations ..1-7 Legislation and Regulatory Controls ..1-7 dike Maintenance Act ..1-7 Water Act ..1-7 Canada Fisheries Act ..1-7 Land Forest Act ..1-8 Canada Navigable Waters Protection Act ..1-8 BC Environmental Assessment Act ..1-8 Local Government Act ..1-8 Emergency Program Other Requirements for Flood Protection Historic Diking Standards ..1-10 Limitations of dike Design in BC.

9 1-11 Recent and Future Construction of Flood Protection Works in BC ..1-13 Consultant What Type of Engineer Should I Hire? ..1-13 How Do I Choose An Engineer Who Is best For My Needs? .1-13 Further Considerations ..1-14 2-1 Pre- Design Study ..2-1 Field Consultation and Design Construction Plans ..2-4 Construction Inspection ..2-4 Project dike Design Guidelines best management practices for British Columbia vi Civil Design Issues ..2-6 Alignment ..2-6 Radius of Curvature ..2-9 Flow Impingement.

10 2-9 Viewing Platform or Lookouts ..2-10 Powerlines ..2-11 Setbacks to Existing Dikes ..2-11 Upgrading Existing Crest Width and Running Surface ..2-12 dike Access ..2-13 Dredging Limits ..2-17 Design Seepage ..2-19 Fill Settlement ..2-27 Fill Slope Stability ..2-28 dike Materials ..2-32 Earthquake Considerations ..2-34 Erosion Protection ..2-34 Flood Levels River Dikes ..2-37 Flood Levels Sea Dikes ..2-37 Freeboard ..2-38 Design Discharge Environmental Issues ..2-39 Mitigation requirements ..2-39 Fisheries Sensitive Structural Buoyancy of Pump Stations.