Doc 9157 Aerodrome Design Manual - Federal Council

1 Doc 9157. Aerodrome Design Manual Second Edition, 2017. Part 5 Electrical Systems Approved by and published under the authority of the Secretary General INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION. Doc 9157. Aerodrome Design Manual Second Edition, 2017. Part 5 Electrical Systems Approved by and published under the authority of the Secretary General INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION. Published in separate English, Arabic, Chinese, French, Russian and Spanish editions by the INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION. 999 Robert-Bourassa Boulevard, Montr al, Quebec, Canada H3C 5H7. For ordering information and for a complete listing of sales agents and booksellers, please go to the ICAO website at Doc 9157, Part 5, Aerodrome Design Manual Order Number: 9157P5.

2 ISBN 978-92-9258-246-3. ICAO 2017. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, without prior permission in writing from the International Civil Aviation Organization. AMENDMENTS. Amendments are announced in the supplements to the Products and Services Catalogue; the Catalogue and its supplements are available on the ICAO website at The space below is provided to keep a record of such amendments. RECORD OF AMENDMENTS AND CORRIGENDA. AMENDMENTS CORRIGENDA. No. Date Entered by No. Date Entered by (iii). FOREWORD. Proper Design , installation and maintenance of electrical systems for visual navigation aids, are prerequisites for the safety, regularity, and efficiency of civil aviation.

3 To this end, this Manual provides guidance on the Design and installation of electrical systems for Aerodrome lighting. The electrical systems for Aerodrome lighting include features which are not usually involved in other electrical installations. This Manual therefore examines not only the general features of electrical practices and installations, but also those features which are of special significance for Aerodrome installations. It is assumed that readers of the Manual will be familiar with electrical circuits and general Design concepts, but may not be knowledgeable of certain features of Aerodrome installations which are less frequently encountered in other installations. It is important to note that the material presented in this Manual is intended to complement national safety codes related to electrical installations.

4 This Manual does not examine electrical systems for buildings located at an airport. Similarly, this Manual does not deal with the maintenance of electrical systems. For guidance on this latter issue, the reader is advised to refer to the Airport Services Manual (Doc 9137), Part 9 Airport Maintenance Practices. Furthermore, this Manual does not examine radio navigational aids. Guidance on the Design and the installation of electrical systems for these aids will be developed at a later date. IMPLEMENTATION. The material herein is intended to provide assistance to States for implementation of Annex 14 Aerodromes, Volume I. Aerodrome Design and Operations, specifications and thereby help to ensure their uniform application.

5 However, the designer should be aware that local electrical codes may take precedence. FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS. In order to keep this Manual relevant and accurate, suggestions for improving it in terms of format, content or presentation are welcome. Any such recommendation or suggestion will be examined and, if found suitable, will be included in regular updates to the Manual . Regular revision will ensure that the Manual remains both pertinent and accurate. Comments on this Manual should be addressed to: The Secretary General International Civil Aviation Organization 999 Robert-Bourassa Boulevard Montr al, Qu bec H3C 5H7. Canada The next edition of this Manual will include recommendations of, and be in-line with, the future IEC 61820 Standard (system Design and installation requirements for constant current series circuits for aeronautical ground lighting, expected for 2018).

6 _____. (v). TABLE OF CONTENTS. Page Publications .. (xiii). Abbreviations and acronyms .. (xv). Chapter 1. Introduction .. 1-1. Purpose .. 1-1. Organization of the Manual .. 1-1. Chapter 2. Methods of obtaining integrity and reliability .. 2-1. Definitions of terms .. 2-1. Summary of means of improving integrity and 2-1. Chapter 3. Electricity supplies .. 3-1. 3-1. Sources of power to the Aerodrome commercial/public power source .. 3-1. Power supply to Aerodrome visual aids .. 3-2. Uninterruptible power supply .. 3-4. Equipment .. 3-8. Vaults and shelters for electrical equipment .. 3-11. Chapter 4. Distribution of power .. 4-1. 4-1. Primary power feeder circuits .. 4-1. Above ground (overhead) primary distribution 4-1.

7 Line-voltage regulators .. 4-3. Power lines .. 4-3. Line support materials .. 4-3. Conductors .. 4-4. Transformers .. 4-4. Circuit interruption devices .. 4-5. Lightning protection .. 4-6. Clearances .. 4-7. Grounding .. 4-8. Underground distribution systems .. 4-9. (vii). Aerodrome Design Manual (viii) Part 5. Electrical systems Page Chapter 5. Types of electrical circuits .. 5-1. Electrical characteristics .. 5-1. Series circuits .. 5-1. Parallel (multiple) 5-3. Comparison of series and parallel lighting circuits .. 5-5. Series circuitry for Aerodrome lighting .. 5-5. Grounding .. 5-5. Step-down transformers .. 5-6. Series cut-out .. 5-6. Chapter 6. Circuitry .. 6-1. Interleaving of Aerodrome lighting circuits.

8 6-1. Arrangement in the electrical vault .. 6-1. Provision of interleaving .. 6-1. Possible provision of interleaving .. 6-6. Selective switching of taxiway circuits .. 6-8. Chapter 7. Constant current regulators .. 7-1. Types of constant current regulators .. 7-1. Operating characteristics of constant current regulators .. 7-7. Rating characteristics of constant current regulators .. 7-7. Open circuit and over-current protection .. 7-9. Chapter 8. Load calculations/regulator sizing .. 8-1. 8-1. Types of loading .. 8-1. Calculation of lighting facility load .. 8-3. Sample calculation .. 8-3. Other considerations .. 8-5. Chapter 9. Aerodrome ground lighting series transformers .. 9-1. Functions .. 9-1.

9 Transformer Design .. 9-2. Enclosure .. 9-2. Ambient temperature .. 9-2. Transformer ratings .. 9-2. Several lamps from a single transformer .. 9-3. Effects of open circuited secondaries of transformers .. 9-3. Lamp by-pass devices .. 9-3. Transformer stand .. 9-4. Other devices .. 9-4. Table of Contents (ix). Page Chapter 10. Control and monitoring of Aerodrome lighting systems .. 10-1. Apron control panel .. 10-2. Control circuitry .. 10-2. Types of remote control systems .. 10-2. Transfer relay 10-10. Use of relays .. 10-12. Interconnection of controls .. 10-12. Automatic controls .. 10-14. Addressable lights .. 10-14. Response time .. 10-15. Monitoring of Aerodrome lighting circuits .. 10-15. Classes of monitors.

10 10-16. Monitor override controls .. 10-16. Insulation resistance monitoring system .. 10-17. Aircraft radio control of Aerodrome lighting (ARCAL).. 10-17. Chapter 11. Incandescent and gaseous discharge lamps .. 11-1. Incandescent 11-1. Gaseous discharge lamps .. 11-4. Chapter 12. Solid state technology .. 12-1. Introduction .. 12-1. Light emitting diodes (LED) light units .. 12-1. Colour CIE S 004/E-2001 .. 12-1. Limiting selection for shades of green .. 12-3. Infrastructure series circuit .. 12-3. Pulse width 12-6. Infrastructure parallel circuit .. 12-6. Alternate infrastructure .. 12-6. Brightness settings .. 12-8. LED lighting and night vision systems .. 12-13. Line lighting .. 12-14. Mixing technologies.