DOCUMENT BASED QUESTION: THE SECOND INDUSTRIAL …

1 1 DOCUMENT BASED question : THE SECOND INDUSTRIAL revolution : THE AFTER THE CIVIL WAR The answer to the essay question is to be written on separate paper. In developing your answer to the essay, be sure to keep in mind the following definition: discuss means to make observations about something using facts, reasoning and argument; to present in some detail This question is BASED on the accompanying documents. This test is designed to test your ability to work with historical documents. As you analyze the documents, take into account the source of each DOCUMENT and any point of view that may be presented in the DOCUMENT . Historical Context: In the United States, the period between the Civil War and the start of the 1900s brought tremendous growth in industry. Technology and new inventions combined to transform American life during these years. Task: Using information from the documents and your knowledge of social studies, answer the questions that follow each DOCUMENT in Part A.

2 Your answers will help you write the Part B essay in which you will be asked to: Identify and discuss three ways that life in the was transformed in the late 1800s as a result of technological innovations. 2 Use the following graphic organizer to help organize your thoughts on the essay question . Be sure to include evidence that you ve found in the documents and the source of the information (which DOCUMENT it came from), as well as outside information from your knowledge of social studies. Evidence Source Transformation #1 Transformation #2 Transformation #3 3 DOCUMENT 1 1a What is the general trend shown in this graph? _____ _____ _____ 1b Outbreaks of violence and economic depression temporarily slowed the growth of labor unions in the late 1880s and early 1890s. How is that slowdown in union growth reflected in the graph?

3 _____ _____ _____ 0200400600800100012001400160018002000188 1188318851887188918911893189518971899 Number of strikes Year Strikes in the (1881-1899) 4 DOCUMENT 2 Changes in Measures of Prosperity and Other Indicators from 1870-1910 Year Gross National Product (GNP), per capita Employed children under 15 years of age (in millions % of US Population Infant mortality rate (deaths under 1 year of age, per 1000) High school graduates (% of 17-year-olds who have a diploma) Telephone usage (number of telephones for every 1000 people) Rural Urban 1870 $531 74% 26% 170 2% 0 1880 $744 72% 28% 161 1 1890 $836 65% 35% 163 4 1900 $1011 60% 40% 141 18 1910 $1299 54% 46% 117 9% 82 2a According to the table above, name one aspect of American life that improved between 1870 and 1910. _____ 2b According to the table above, name one aspect of American life that worsened between 1870 and 1910. _____ 5 DOCUMENT 3 3a What product is being offered in this advertisement?)

4 _____ 3b What does 1000 miles and return in 5 minutes refer to? _____ _____ _____ 6 DOCUMENT 4 4a What product is in use in this hotel room? _____ 4b What is one indication in the sign that the hotel does not expect its guests to be very familiar with this product? _____ 7 DOCUMENT 5 5a What is happening in this picture of the Ford Motor Company s factory? _____ _____ _____ 5b How did the jobs in Henry Ford s factory differ from a skilled labor job 50 years earlier? _____ _____ _____ 8 9 DOCUMENT 7 7 BASED on this excerpt, state two ways an eight-hour workday would improve the lives of people. 1) _____ _____ _____ 2) _____ _____ _____ The man who works the long hours has no necessities except the barest to keep body and soul together, so he can work. He goes to sleep and dreams of work; he rises in the morning to go to work; he takes his frugal lunch to work; he comes home again to throw himself down on a miserable apology for a bed so that he can get that little rest that he may be able to go to work again.

5 He is nothing but a veritable machine. He lives to work instead of working to live. My friends, the only thing the working people need besides the necessities of life is time. Time. Time with which our lives begin; time with which our lives close; time to cultivate the better nature within us; time to brighten our homes. Time, which brings us from the lowest condition up to the highest civilization; time, so that we can raise men to a higher plane. American Federation of Labor founder Samuel Gompers in a 1890 speech on the need for an 8-hour workday 10 DOCUMENT 8 Chicago s Home Insurance Building (1884), considered the first skyscraper 8a Why was this 12-story building considered a skyscraper in 1884? _____ _____ _____ 8b Name one technical innovation that permitted buildings like this to be built. _____ _____ _____ 11 PART B ESSAY Directions: Write a well-organized essay that includes an introduction, several paragraphs, and a conclusion.

6 Use evidence from at least four documents in the body of the essay. Support your response with relevant facts, examples, and details. Include additional outside information. Historical Context: In the United States, the period between the Civil War and the start of the 1900s brought tremendous growth in industry. Technology and new inventions combined to transform American life during these years. Task: Using information from the documents and your knowledge of social studies, write an essay in which you: Guidelines: In your essay, be sure to: Check when completed Che Address all aspects of the Task by accurately analyzing and interpreting at least four documents Incorporate information from the documents in the body of the essay Incorporate relevant outside information Support the theme with relevant facts, examples, and details Use a logical and clear plan of organization Introduce the theme by establishing a framework that is beyond a simple restatement of the Task or Historical Context and conclude with a summation of the theme.

7 Identify and discuss three ways that life in the was transformed in the late 1800s as a result of technological innovations.