スマトラ沖地震津波災害 - dpri.kyoto-u.ac.jp

1 48 A 1 4 . Annuals of Disas. Prev. Res. Inst., Kyoto Univ., No. 48 A, 2005.. 2005 12 26 .. 233,000 .. 143 123 63 .. : .. 1.. 2004 26 .. 9 .. 4,000m .. 28.. 2.. 2004 12 26 .. 6cm .. 11. ( 1,600km) . (1) 1755 62,000 . ( 6,000km) (2) 1782 50,000 (?). (3) 1498 ** 41,000 (4) 1883 36,000 1900 (5) 1707 30,000 . (6) 1896 ** 22,000 (7) 1868 26,000 . Table (8) 1792 15,000 . (9) 1771 12,000 23 2 (10) 1815 10,300 . (11) 1976 8,000 . 150 . **: . 60 2 22 . 7 72. 7,530 Table 2 Historical tsunami disasters.. 3.. 23 3 . 2005 4 .. Fig. 126,915 37,063. 38,938 4,924 Fig.

2 10,779 5,614. 5,395 2,934 . 82 26. 68 6. 2005 28 . 60-80 NA Fig.. 2 NA. 300 NA . 10 NA. 1 9 . 1 3. 182,571 50,579 .. Table 1 Human casualties.. Table .. 1797, 1833, 1861, 1881, 1907, 1941.. 1861 .. 150 .. 1883 3.. 6 .. 143, 123, 63 .. 151, 61, 59 .. 1).. Fig.. 12 26 .. 0 500km .. Fig. 1 Location of plate boundary, epicenter and . aftershocks.. 4,000m . 720km .. 400m . 200km .. Fig.. 100 . 160 .. Fig. 2 Location of segments which generated 26.. Dec. 2004 and 28 March 2005 earthquakes and . their historical last event. 50 .. 12/26, 3/28 . 3,000.

3 2004 12 26 8 2005 3 28 11 . 10 .. 850km 3 250km 120km . 12m 10km 27km 1/10 . 6 2 . 1861 1881 1907 5,6m . ) 1941 1833 . 100 .. Fig. 3 Characteristics of earthquakes.. 80km . 15 Fig. Fig. 4 Characteristics of main shocks on 26 Dec.. 20km .. 1896 .. Fig.. 10m 80%.. 20% .. Photos.. 20 30m .. Fig. 5 Chart of tsunami arrival time.. 4.. Fig. 6 Longshore distribution of tsunami height around Ache, Indonesia. 16 12 26 .. 40 50 .. 1% .. Figs. (a) .. (b) 10m .. 2 (m) 10m .. 1 . Fig. 7 Death rate and tsunami height in tsunami disasters in Japan.. (2) South-West of Sri Lanka Island Colo mbo Jan.

4 04. Moratuwa Panadula Paiyangala Beru wala Jan. 06. Ambalangoda Hikkaduwa Dodanduwa Galle Jan. 05. Koggala Weligama . 16m/s Fig. 8(a) Longshore distribution of tsunami height around south and west coast in Sri Lanka. Photo. 1 Tsunami run-up height in Ache.. Lhoknga . Fig. 8(b) Longshore distribution of tsunami height 200 around south and east coast in Sri Lanka.. Photo. 2 Damaged area due to tsunami Photo. 10 . inundation in Ache. 10m .. 2m . Photo. 3 Trains destroyed by tsunami in Hikkaduwa in Sri Lanka. Photo. 4 Ship on a pier in Galle in Sri Lanka.

5 Fig. 1/100 .. Hikkaduwa washed train road beach railway 64m Photo. 5 Destroyed ships in Sri Lanka. 188m leaf tarnished 188m 228m .. Fig. 9 Cross section from coast to railway at . Hikkaduwa in Sri Lanka. 10 .. 2 1 .. 10 .. Photo.. 10m . 5m Photo.. , .. Khao Lak .. 1755 . 250 .. Photo. 6 Tsunami attacking three stories concrete . Observed Tsunami Height around Phuket Isl. made hotel at Khao Lak, Tailand.. 1992 .. 2) . Fig. 10 Longshore distribution of tsunami height . around Phuket island, Tailand. 1907 .. 1) .. 2) .. 3) .. 4) , . m .. 8.

6 1 .. 1) .. 1990 .. DMSP .. 5.. 5 1 .. 1960 .. 26 26 . 3m .. 1,200 .. 1m .. 10 . 5m 2005. 3 .. CNN. BBC .. m (3). m (120) . m m m (14). m m (200). m (380). m (750). m (6000) . m Tsunami Height in . the south-east coast, Indea ( .. ) SEMS, QC, GIS ( , , .. / / .. Fig. 11 Longshore distribution of tsunami height .. around south-east coast in India.. 3m Fig. 12 Integrated tsunami disaster countermeasure systems.. 1992 .. 6.. 7.. 2005 6 . 2004 12 .. 1) .. 2) .. 1983 3) .. 4) . 1960 .. 5) .. 6) .. 7) .. 8) 2005 1 .. 9) .. 10) . 62 . 7,882 .. 1) 2005.

7 11) 2004 .. 144 124 64 .. 151 61 59 .. 8 .. Sumatra-Andaman Islands Earthquake of 26 December 2004. Yoshiaki KAWATA. Synopsis Off the west coast of northern Sumatra, the Sumatra-Andaman island earthquake occurred in December 26, 2004. The human damage including the missing was more than 233,000. This is the worst tsunami disasters in the world. The plate boundary earthquake with three segments generated gigantic tsunamis and hit Indonesia, Thailand, India, Sri Lanka and others facing the Indian ocean. In the subduction zone, last earthquakes with about magnitude 8 are 1861, 1881 and 1941 respectively.

8 In this time, three segments simultaneously broke so that we are much anxious about simultaneous occurrence of next Tokai, To-Nankai and Nankai earthquakes. The tsunami disaster had big impact to check tsunami countermeasures in Japan. Keywords: Off-Sumatra earthquake, Indian ocean tsunami disaster, tsunami disasters, Catastrophic disasters, Tsunami information systems