Eco Brass General Properties - California Metal-X

1 7/10/07 Page 1 Chase BrassPartners With &CMX7/10/07 Page 2 Green Dot and ECO Brass is a lead-free Brass alloy developed by Sambo Copper Alloy Company. The alloy has superior performance and Properties compared to existing silicon brasses or leaded yellow Brass has the exclusive license for the distribution and production of Green Dot and ECO Brass in North America including the United States, Canada and Mexico. It markets the products under the brand names Green Dot for rod products and ECO Brass for ingot products.

2 Chase Brass is proud to announce that we have chosen California Metal-X along with Ingot Metal Company to be the sole manufacturers licensed to produce ECO Brass ingot in the North Copper ECO Brass - a new alloy for the 21st Century &7/10/07 Page 3 Industry Issues:Lead legislation Dezincification resistanceStress corrosion cracking resistanceStrength characteristics Cost Global availability Growth of copper alloys through improved performance & Machinability / productivity Forgeability Castability Plating and joining7/10/07 Page 4 DIEHLMETALDOWANIPPONOHKIINGOTMETALKAIMEI CMXCHASE Brass Eco Brass global families 7/10/07 Page 5 Examples of Green Dot and ECO Brass machined parts, forgings and castings.

3 &7/10/07 Page 6 Drinking water applications rod, forgings and castingsFire protection devicesForgings or castings for ball valves (no-lead and stainless applications)Forgings for shower valveWater meter body castingsAutomotive parts: lead-free requirementsEuropean electrical/electronic parts: lead-free requirementsSubstitute for free-machining stainless steel in General applicationsPotential uses: &7/10/07 Page 7 Product ComparisonGREEN DOT Rod Properties 7/10/07 Page 8 Green Dot provides good machinability without lead by substituting silicon.

4 ALLOYC opper(%)Lead(%)Silicon(%)Phos.(%)Zinc(%) C36000 (Blue Dot )ASTM - - (Low lead)ASTM (Forging alloy)ASTM - - (Green Dot )ASTM B371, B124, Alloys 7/10/07 Page 9 Comparison of Typical Rod Mechanical Properties For Half Hard Temper Round Rod. 020406080100120 Tensile Str.(ksi)Yield Str.(ksi)Elong. (%) Hard. (Rb) Green Green Green Green Dot7/10/07 Page 10 Comparison of Typical Rod Mechanical Properties 020406080100120 Tensile Str.(ksi)Yield Str.(ksi)Elong. (%) Hard. (Rb)C36000 (1/2H)C37700 Green Dot (1/2H)303 Stainless (Annealed)304 Stainless (Cold Drawn)7/10/07 Page 11 Product ComparisonGREEN DOT for Forging Applications 7/10/07 Page 12 Hot Compression Test ResultsForging Temperature (from left).

5 1060F, 1150F, 1275F, 1380F, 1500 FForgeability of Green Dot is rated at 95% of C37700 while forging tensile strength is about 20% Green Dot C37700 7/10/07 Page 13071522980116013401520 Temperature (F) Forging Pressure (ksi)Green Dot C37700 Forging pressures for Green Dot are similar to C37700 forging alloy. 7/10/07 Page 14 Forgeability of the Green Dot water meter cap is 95% of C37700 Forgeability DataProduction volume: 1,650,000 Forgeability rating: 95 100%Forging cracks: Fewer than C377 Forging pressure: Higher than C377 Productivity: ~ 95 %Forging tool life: No change from C377 Slugging tool life: Sharpen every 20,000 slugsSlugging productivity: 12 per minute vs.

6 17 for C377 ( rod)7/10/07 Page 15 Machinability of the Green Dot water meter cap is 90 - 95% of C37700 Machinability DataProduction volume: 1,650,000 Machinablility rating: 90 95%ID Turning parameters: 1500 rpm, /revTool regrinding: 2,000 forgingsTool life: 70% of C3777/10/07 Page 16 Product ComparisonECO Brass Casting Alloys7/10/07 Page 17 ECO Brass casting alloy chemistry is the same as for (%)Lead(%)Silicon(%)Tin(%)Phos.(%)Zinc(% ) Se, Ni, Bi * B30, B584, * C83600 version7/10/07 Page 18 Comparison of Typical Sand Cast Mechanical Properties Leaded and Lead-Free Alloys020406080100120 Tensile(ksi) Yield (ksi)Elong.

7 (%) Hard.(BHN)ECO Brass vs. Leaded AlloysC83600C84400C92200 ECO BRASS020406080100120 Tensile(ksi) Yield (ksi) Elong.(%)Hard.(BHN)ECO Brass vs. Lead Free AlloysC89520C89833 ECO BRASS7/10/07 Page 19 ECO Brass and Silicon Brass Typical Mechanical Properties050100150 Tensile(ksi) Yield (ksi) Elong.(%)Hard.(BHN)ECO Brass vs. C875 Silicon Brass Sand Cast PropertiesC87500 ECO BRASS050100150 Tensile(ksi) Yield (ksi) Elong.(%)Hard.(BHN)Sand Cast and Permanent Mold Cast ECO BRASSSand CastPermanent Mold7/10/07 Page 20 Liquidus and Freezing Range Temperature Comparisons140015001600170018001900 AlloyLiquidus Temperature (F)ECO BRASSC87500C92200C84400C89520C83600C8983 30100200300400 AlloyFreezing Range (F)ECO BRASSC87500C83600C84400C92200C89833C8952 07/10/07 Page 21 The microstructure of cast ECO Brass vs.

8 Brass C836007/10/07 Page 22 FOUNDRY PROPERTYSIMILAR TO:Permanent Mold CastingLeaded Yellow BrassesDross FormationC87800 Fluidity-FumingC83600 Shrinkage and CrackingShort Freezing Range AlloysShrinkage AllowanceC84400 (3/16 per foot) General Comments on ECO Brass Casting 23 Samples of ECO Brass castingsLow Pressure Permanent Mold CastingGreen Sand CastingSince 2000, over five million ECO Brass water meter bodies have been cast and put into service in Japan. No leaking or corrosion defects have been 24 Chase Brass & Copper Co.

9 Inc signed sub-license agreements with California Metal-X of Los Angeles, CA and Ingot Metal Company of Toronto to produce and sell ECO Brass Ingots for the North American has been a manufacturer of Brass and bronze ingots for over 25 years. They have a monthly capacity of over 4+ million pounds producing over 30 alloys including silicon 25 Machinability Information &7/10/07 Page 26 The microstructure of Green Dot results in excellent machinability and surface finish. Green Dot Rod (C69300)Blue Dot Rod (C36000) Lead100X400X100X400X + &7/10/07 Page 27C69300 Green Dot RODC69400 Silicon Red Brass The C69400 microstructure is from the Copper Dev.

10 Assoc. Composition of Sample:Cu , Si , Zn , Fe , Pb magnification of both micrographs is 400 XThe multiple phases in Green Dot result in higher machinability (70-80%) than conventional silicon Brass (30%) + &7/10/07 Page 28 Green Dot RodFree-Cutting Brass60 Cu 40 ZnThe kappa and gamma phases in the alpha matrix create small, Type 1 chips, similar to lead in C36000. &7/10/07 Page 29 Machinability of Green Dot is 70-80% of C36000 (1)(1) Plunge tests: AISI T15 high speed steel, 5% Cimperial 1070 cutting fluid; drill test: high speed steel, straight (%)C36000 Green DotCDA Published ValueTechSolve C360 Standard Machining Test ParametersTechSolve - Sambo Recommended Machining Parameters &7/10/07 Page 30 Cutting Force, Drilling Force and Surface Finish Relative Values.