EEA Compendium 2015 Report 04-05-20

1 National AccountsEnvironmental Economic AccountsEnvironmental Economic Accounts CompendiumMarch 2015 Report No.: 04-05-20 The South Africa I know, the home I understand y y y Please scroll down y y y Environmental Economic Accounts Compendium Pali Lehohla Statistician-General Report number: 04-05-20 Statistics South Africa March 2015 Environmental Economic Accounts Compendium Published by Statistics South Africa, Private Bag X44, Pretoria 0001 Statistics South Africa, 2015 Users may apply or process this data, provided Statistics South Africa (Stats SA) is acknowledged as the original source of the data; that it is specified that the application and/or analysis is the result of the user's independent processing of the data; and that neither the basic data nor any reprocessed version or application thereof may be sold or offered for sale in any form whatsoever without prior permission from Stats SA.

2 Environmental Economic Accounts Compendium / Statistics South Africa. Pretoria: Statistics South Africa, 2015 Report No. 04-05-20 Title continuous in English only ISBN: 978-0-621-42500-0 A complete set of Stats SA publications is available at Stats SA Library and the following libraries: National Library of South Africa, Pretoria Division National Library of South Africa, Cape Town Division Library of Parliament, Cape Town Bloemfontein Public Library Natal Society Library, Pietermaritzburg Johannesburg Public Library Eastern Cape Library Services, King William's Town Central Regional Library, Polokwane Central Reference Library, Mbombela Central Reference Collection, Kimberley Central Reference Library, Mmabatho This Report is available on the Stats SA website: Copies are available from: Printing and Distribution, Statistics South Africa Tel: 012 310 8044/310 8161 Fax: 012 321 7381 012 310 2973 Email.

3 Page | i Contents Page Abbreviations and acronyms iii Figures, maps and tables iv Background 1 Chapter 1 Ecosystem Accounts Introduction and background 4 Overview of ecosystems in South Africa 4 River ecosystems 6 Ecosystem condition of rivers 6 Data availability 6 Methodologies for ecosystem accounting 6 The SEEA-Experimental Ecosystem Accounting 7 Environmental accounting units 7 Structure of the ecosystem accounts 8 Physical accounts 8 Classifications of ecosystem services 9 Chapter 2 Energy Overview 11 Energy supply and use, 2002 to 2010 12 Chapter 3 Fisheries Overview 15 Hake 16 Hake closing stock and total catches, 2004 to 2013 17 West Coast rock lobster 18 West Coast rock lobster closing stock and total catches, 2004 to 2013 19 Abalone 20 Abalone closing stock and total catches, 2003 to 2012 21 Cape horse mackerel 22 Cape horse mackerel closing stock and total catches, 2003 to 2012 23 South Coast rock lobster 24 South Coast rock lobster closing stock and total catches, 2004 to 2013 25 Page | ii Chapter 4 Minerals Page Overview 27 Coal 30 Coal production and volumes sold, 2003 to 2012 31 Coal years to depletion, 2003 to 2012 32 Coal sales, 2003 to 2012 33 Coal resource reserves, 2003 to 2012 34 Gold 35 Gold production and volumes sold, 2003 to 2012 36 Gold years to depletion, 2003 to 2012 37 Gold sales, 2003 to 2012 38 Gold resource reserves.

4 2003 to 2012 39 Platinum group metals 40 PGM production and volumes sold, 2003 to 2012 41 PGM years to depletion, 2003 to 2012 42 PGM sales, 2003 to 2012 43 PGM resource reserves, 2003 to 2012 44 Chapter 5 Indicators Overview 46 Hake: Sustainability of hake (Merluccius paradox and M. capensis) stocks, 1992 to 2013 48 West Coast rock lobster: Sustainability of West Coast rock lobster (Jasus lalandii) stocks, 1992 to 2013 50 Coal: Employment rate compared with production, and output sales in the coal mining sector, 1995 to 2012 52 Gold: Employment rate compared with production, and output sales in the gold mining sector, 1995 to 2012 55 PGMs: Employment rate compared with production, and output sales in the platinum mining sector, 1995 to 2012 58 Access to water sources, population density with NFEPA rivers 61 Total Population with access to piped (tap) water 63 Piped (tap)

5 Water services and NFEPA rivers 65 Mining, Energy power plants and NFEPA rives 67 South Africa's energy intensity 69 References 71 Annexures Table A1 Basic form of a physical supply and use table 72 Figure A1 Definition and classes of natural inputs 73 Figure A2 Definition and classes of residuals 74 Page | iii Abbreviations and acronyms BSU Basic spatial units CICES Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services cm Centimetres CSIR Council for Scientific and Industrial Research CO2 Carbon dioxide CH4 Methane DEA Department of Environmental Affairs DoE Department of Energy DWS Department of Water and Sanitation EAU Ecosystem accounting units GDP Gross domestic product GHG Greenhouse gas GIS Geographic Information Systems ISIC International Standard Industry Classification IEA International Energy Agency km

6 Kilometres LCEU Land cover/ecosystem functional units m Metres NFEPA National Freshwater Ecosystem Priority Areas N2O Nitrous oxide PGMs Platinum group metals SAEO South Africa Environment Outlook SAIAB South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity SANBI South African National Biodiversity Institute SANP arks South African National Parks SDGs Sustainable Development Goals SEEA System of Environmental-Economic Accounting SIC Standard Industrial Classification SNA System of National Accounts Stats SA Statistics South Africa TAC Total allowable catch TJ Terajoules UNEP United Nations Environment Programme UNSD United Nations Statistics Division WRC Water Research Commission WWF World Wide Fund for Nature Page | iv Figures, maps and tables Page Figure A The economy and the environment 1 Figure Relationship between environmental assets, ecosystem assets and ecosystem services 5 Figure Relationship between BSU, LCEU and EAU 7 Figure Energy supply, 2002 2010 12 Figure Energy use, 2002 2010 12 Figure Hake closing stock and total catches, 2004 2013 17 Figure West Coast rock lobster closing stock and total catches, 2004 2013 19 Figure Abalone closing stock and total catches, 2003 2012 21 Figure Cape horse mackerel closing stock and total catches, 2003 2012 23 Figure South Coast rock lobster closing stock and total catches, 2004 2013 25 Figure Coal production and volumes sold, 2003 2012 31 Figure Coal years to depletion, 2003 2012 32 Figure Coal sales, 2003 2012 33 Figure Coal resource reserves, 2003 2012 34 Figure Gold production and volumes sold.

7 2003 2012 36 Figure Gold years to depletion, 2003 2012 37 Figure Gold sales, 2003 2012 38 Figure Gold resource reserves, 2003 2012 39 Figure PGM production and volumes sold, 2003 2012 41 Figure PGM years to depletion, 2003 2012 42 Figure PGM sales, 2003 2012 43 Figure PGM resource reserves, 2003 2012 44 Figure Information Pyramid 47 Figure Hake: Closing stock and total allowable catch, 1992 2013 49 Figure West Coast rock lobster: Closing stock and total allowable catch, 1992 2013 51 Figure Production/extraction of coal and employment in the coal mining industry, 1995 2012 53 Figure Production/extraction of coal and output sales in the coal mining industry, 1995 2012 53 Figure Production/extraction of gold and employment in the gold mining industry, 1995 2012 56 Figure Production/extraction of gold and output sales in the gold mining industry, 1995 2012 56 Figure Production/extraction of PGMs and employment in the PGM mining industry, 1995 2012 59 Figure Production/extraction of PGMs and output sales in the PGM mining industry, 1995 2012 59 Figure Energy intensity in Megajoules per Rand.

8 2002 2010 70 Figure A1 Definition and classes of natural inputs 73 Figure A2 Definition and classes of residuals 74 Page | v Page Map The Witwatersrand Basin 27 Map The Bushveld Complex 28 Map The Karoo Basin 29 Map Geographic locations of coal mines 30 Map Geographic locations of gold mines 35 Map Geographic locations of PGM mines 40 Map Access to water sources, population density with NFEPA rivers 62 Map Total Population with access to piped (tap) water 64 Map Piped (tap) water services and NFEPA rivers 66 Map Mining, Energy power plants and NFEPA rives 68 Table Energy supply, 2002 2010 13 Table Energy use, 2002 2010 13 Table Hake closing stock and total catches, 2004 2013 17 Table West Coast rock lobster closing stock and total catches, 2004 2013 19 Table Abalone closing stock and total catches, 2003 2012 21 Table Cape horse mackerel closing stock and total catches, 2003 2012 23 Table South Coast rock lobster closing stock and total catches, 2004 2013 25 Table Coal production and volumes sold, 2003 2012 31 Table Coal years to depletion, 2003 2012 32 Table Coal sales, 2003 2012 33 Table Coal resource reserves, 2003 2012 34 Table Gold production and volumes sold, 2003 2012 36 Table Gold years to depletion, 2003 2012 37 Table Gold sales, 2003 2012 38 Table Gold resource reserves.

9 2003 2012 39 Table PGM production and volumes sold, 2003 2012 41 Table PGM years to depletion, 2003 2012 42 Table PGM sales, 2003 2012 43 Table PGM resource reserves, 2003 2012 44 Table Hake: Closing stock and total allowable catch, 1992 2013 49 Table West Coast rock lobster: Closing stock and total allowable catch, 1992 2013 51 Table Production/extraction of coal, employment and output sales in the coal mining industry, 1995 2012 54 Table Production/extraction of gold, employment and output sales in the gold mining industry, 1995 2012 57 Table Production/extraction of PGMs, employment and output sales in the PGM mining industry, 1995 2012 60 Table Energy intensity per gross domestic product, 2002 2010 70 Table A1 Basic form of a physical supply and use table 72 PagePage | 1 | 1 Background The System of Environmental-Economic Accounting (SEEA) is an international standard that is continually developed and refined by the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD).

10 A graphic overview of the SEEA Central Framework that became an international standard in 2012 shows the relationships between the environment and the economy in Figure A. Some of the key focuses are expansion, implementation and experimental ecosystem services accounts. Statistics South Africa (Stats SA) is presenting this Report that includes the summarised environmental economic accounts for energy, fisheries and minerals. Indicators derived from the environmental economic accounts tables are featured. The complete tables that include physical stocks and flows, as well as monetary tables for the minerals accounts, are published as a separate Excel work book to allow users to manipulate and analyse the information to suit their requirements. The SEEA is compatible with the System of National Accounts (SNA) in terms of its definitions and classifications.