Transcription of EGGPLANT PRODUCTION GUIDE
1 EGGPLANT PRODUCTION GUIDE Introduction EGGPLANT (Solanum melongena L.) is known as aubergine and brinjal (English), talong (Tagalog), tarong (Ilocano), or bringhinas (Bisaya). It is cultivated for the immature fruits which are either roasted, fried, stuffed, cooked pickled or processed. Young frits are also eaten raw. Preferred types are the long, purple varieties with green calyx, but some regions also prefer the long or round, green-colored varieties. EGGPLANT is generally cultivated as a monocrop year round. This practice greatly contributes to the escalating problem of insect pest such as green leafhopper and fruit and shoot borer. PRODUCTION Statistics EGGPLANT is the country s top ranking vegetable in terms of value PRODUCTION .
2 It is grown in 18, 000ha all over the country, but major producers are Ilocos (29%), Central Luzon (14%) and Southern Tagalog (13%) PRODUCTION Management Varieties Variety Shape Color Maturity (days) Remarks Batangas Long Purple Bulakena Casino Claveria KS Dumaguete Jackpot Long Purple Tanauan KS Long Long/blunt Long Medium/Long Long Long Long Long Purple Purple Purple Purple Purple Purple Purple Purple 70 70 60 90 70 60 70 90 OP OP F1 hybrid OP OP F1 hybrid OP OP Climatic Soil Requirments EGGPLANT can be grown from low to mid elevations through out the year. PRODUCTION is best, however, during the dry, cool months in sandy loam soil.
3 Clay loam to clay ey soils, with pH of , can also be used. Seedling PRODUCTION EGGPLANT is best grown transplanted. Line sow 200-250g of seeds/ha in seedbed with one part animal manure and part carbonated rice hull. The lines should be 10-15 cm apart. Water before and after sowing. Mulch with rice hull or straw and provide partial shading. Water regularly. One week before transplanting, expose to full sunlight. Transplant four weeks from sowing. Land Preparation Prepare land by plowing ones and harrowing twice. Make furrows m apart. Spread manure along rows or hills at 1-2 handful per hill. Apply complete fertilizer (14-14-14) at 10-15 g/hill and cover lightly with soil.
4 Transplanting and Maintenance Irrigate area before transplanting. Plant one seedling per hill at a distance of m depending on variety. Provide m long stake to prevent lodging. Irrigate by furrow every 7-14 days depending on season and soil type. Side-dress with urea at 10 g/hill every 2-4 weeks during its vegetative stage. Use equal parts urea and 0-0-60 at the start of fruiting. Weed 2-3 times during the growing season, or as necessary. Practice mulching to minimize weed growth and maintain uniform soil moisture. Pest and Disease Management Avoid mono-cropping. Plant different varieties in one area. Intercrop with other vegetables and include repellants such as garlic, marigold, ginger, and lemon grass.
5 In case of tip borer, remove and burn damage shoot together with the larvae. If green leafhopper incidence is severe, spray insecticides at recommended rates. With intercropping and mulching, the incidence of insect pests will be minimal. EGGPLANT can be grown economically even without pesticides. Harvesting Harvest mature fruits which are shiny and still soft, More frequent harvesting can reduce damage from fruit borers. Harvest all fruits including deformed and damaged ones to prevent spread of pest and diseases. Harvesting can last for 3-6 months. Several varieties can be grown fro 1-2 years. Post harvest Discard or bury severely infested fruits or make into compost.
6 Grade according to market standards. Pack in crates lined with banana leaves. Do not expose to high temperatures. COST AND RETURN ANALYSIS PER HECTARE I. Variable Cost a. Labor (P 150/MD) Plowing 1,500 Harrowing 3,000 Bedding 1,500 Manure Application 1,000 Seedling preparation (15MD) 2,250 Transplanting (10MD) 1,500 Fertilization (3x) (2MD) 900 Replanting (2 MD) 300 Mulching with rice straw (10 MD) 1,500 Fertilization Application.
7 Basal (4 MD) 600 Side dress (10 MD) 1,500 Irrigation (30 MD) 4,500 Weeding (20 MD) 3,000 Spraying (30 MD) 4,500 Harvesting (50 MD) 7,500 Pruning (24 MD) 3,600 Miscellaneous (20 MD) 3,000 Sub-total 41,750 b. Materials Seeds 1,500 Animal manure (5t) 5,000 Fertilizer: 16-20-0 (3bags @ 1,560/bag) 4,680 14-14-14 (6 bags @ 1,520/bag) 9,120 46-0-0 (10bags @ 1,250/bag) 12,500 0-0-60 (4bags @1,430/bag) 5,720 Lime (3tons) 2,000 Pesticides (insecticides & fungicides) 15,000 Miscellaneous 5,000 Sub-total 60,520 II.
8 Fixed Cost Land Rental 5,000 5pcs scythe 250 3pcs shovel 400 3pcs hoe 500 2 knapsack sprayer 3,000 Sub-total 9,150 TOTAL COST 111,320 Gross Income 200,000 Net Income 88,680 ROI 80& Estimated marketable yield/ ha @ P5/kl. (40,000 x P5kl)
