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ELASTOMERIC MATERIALS - Läroverket i Småland AB

ELASTOMERIC MATERIALS TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY THE LABORATORY OF PLASTICS AND ELASTOMER TECHNOLOGY Kalle Hanhi, Minna Poikelisp , Hanna-Mari Tiril Summary On this course the students will get the basic information on different grades of rubber and thermoelasts. The chapters focus on the following subjects: - Introduction - Rubber types - Rubber blends - Thermoplastic elastomers - Processing - Design of ELASTOMERIC products - Recycling and reuse of ELASTOMERIC MATERIALS The first chapter introduces shortly the history of rubbers.

ELASTOMERIC MATERIALS TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY THE LABORATORY OF PLASTICS AND ELASTOMER TECHNOLOGY Kalle Hanhi, Minna Poikelispää, Hanna-Mari Tirilä

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Transcription of ELASTOMERIC MATERIALS - Läroverket i Småland AB

1 ELASTOMERIC MATERIALS TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY THE LABORATORY OF PLASTICS AND ELASTOMER TECHNOLOGY Kalle Hanhi, Minna Poikelisp , Hanna-Mari Tiril Summary On this course the students will get the basic information on different grades of rubber and thermoelasts. The chapters focus on the following subjects: - Introduction - Rubber types - Rubber blends - Thermoplastic elastomers - Processing - Design of ELASTOMERIC products - Recycling and reuse of ELASTOMERIC MATERIALS The first chapter introduces shortly the history of rubbers.

2 In addition, it cover definitions, manufacturing of rubbers and general properties of elastomers. In this chapter students get grounds to continue the studying. The second chapter focus on different grades of elastomers. It describes the structure, properties and application of the most common used rubbers. Some special rubbers are also covered. The most important rubber type is natural rubber; other generally used rubbers are polyisoprene rubber, which is synthetic version of NR, and styrene-butadiene rubber, which is the most important sort of synthetic rubber.

3 Rubbers always contain some additives. The following chapter introduces the additives used in rubbers and some common receipts of rubber. The important chapter is Thermoplastic elastomers. Thermoplastic elastomers are a polymer group whose main properties are elasticity and easy processability. This chapter introduces the groups of thermoplastic elastomers and their properties. It also compares the properties of different thermoplastic elastomers. The chapter Processing give a short survey to a processing of rubbers and thermoplastic elastomers.

4 The following chapter covers design of ELASTOMERIC products. It gives the most important criteria in choosing an elastomer. In addition, dimensioning and shaping of ELASTOMERIC product are discussed The last chapter Recycling and reuse of ELASTOMERIC MATERIALS introduces recycling methods. It also covers processing of recycled rubber and applications of waste rubber. After studying this course, the students have the basic information on different grades of rubber and thermoplastic elastomers. They will know the recycling practices of rubbers and they will understand the design practices of ELASTOMERIC MATERIALS .

5 TUT 2007 2 Table of contents 2 Table of 3 1. Introduction to ELASTOMERIC 5 Definitions of ELASTOMERIC MATERIALS and 6 Manufacturing process of 7 Behaviour of 8 General properties of 9 2. Classification of 14 Natural Rubber (NR).. 16 Isoprene Rubber, Polyisoprene (IR).. 18 Butadiene Rubber, Polybutadiene (BR) .. 20 Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (SBR).. 23 The use of SBR in 26 Butyl 27 Nitrile Rubber, Nitrile-Butadiene Rubber, Acrylonitrile Rubber (NBR).. 29 Modified nitrile 30 Epichlorohydrin 31 Ethylene-Propylene Rubber (EPM), Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Rubber (EPDM).

6 32 Typical 33 Chloroprene Rubber, Polychloroprene (CR) .. 35 Polyacrylate Rubbers (ACM).. 37 Polyurethane rubbers (AU, EU, PUR).. 38 Fluorocarbon Rubbers (FKM, FPM).. 41 Silicone Rubbers (Q).. 44 Polysulphide Rubbers (T).. 46 Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate Copolymer (EVA).. 47 Polypropylene Oxide Rubbers, Polypropylene Oxide-Allyl Glycidyl Ether Copolymer (GPO).. 48 Chlorinated Polyethylene (CM, CPE), Chlorosulphonated Polyethylene (CSM, CSPE).. 49 3. Rubber 50 4. Thermoplastic elastomers (TPE).. 51 Styrenic thermoplastic elastomers (TPE-S).. 52 ELASTOMERIC 53 Thermoplastic Olefin Elastomers (TPO, TOE).

7 53 Thermoplastic Vulcanizates (TPE-V, TPV, DVR).. 54 Melt-Processible Rubbers (MPR).. 55 Thermoplastic Urethane Elastomers (TPU, TPE-U).. 55 Thermoplastics Polyester-Ether Elastomer (TPE-E) .. 57 Thermoplastic Polyamide Elastomers (TPE-A).. 58 Comparison of different 59 New development trends occuring in the field of 59 5. 60 Processing of 60 Processing of thermoplastic 60 TUT 2007 36. Design of ELASTOMERIC 61 Design 63 Elastomer 63 Dimensioning of elastomer 65 Mechanical 65 The influence of 65 Shape 65 Stiffness in different loading 66 Allowed loadings for different 67 Product shaping.

8 69 7. Comparison of Elastomer Properties. Data 70 8. Recycling and reuse of ELASTOMERIC 74 Why reclaim or recycle rubber?.. 74 Recycling 75 75 76 Grinding of vulcanized rubber 76 78 Utilization of unvulcanized rubber 80 Processing of recycled 80 Unvulcanized rubber 80 Vulcanized rubber 80 Devulcanized rubber 81 Applications of waste 82 Recycling of 82 84 TUT 2007 41. Introduction to ELASTOMERIC MATERIALS The natives of South America got the idea to exploit the latex of the Hevea Brasiliensis rubber tree to produce waterproof footwear, among other products from soaking their feet in the liquid, latex, tapped from the tree.

9 From the Indian word caa-o-chu (a weeping tree) are derived the words caoutchouc in English and French, Kautschuk in German, caucho in Spanish and caucci in Italian. The word rubber originates from the early applications of rubber, from the property of caoutchouc to rub out pencil writing. In the 18th century, when rubber appeared in Europe, it was used for the fabrication of suspenders and straps. Different kinds of MATERIALS were impregnated with rubber to make them waterproof. However, the performance of the rubber articles was quite poor, because rubber was at that time still gummy and fluctuation in temperature caused great changes in products.

10 It was only in the year 1839 that Charles Goodyear discovered nearly by accident the vulcanization of rubber, which made rubber as an elastic material capable of preserving its characteristics over a wide temperature range. The idea of this part of the Virtual Education in Rubber Technology course is to give students an extensive overview of ELASTOMERIC MATERIALS . The structure and characteristics of most typical rubber and thermoplastic elastomers will be examined during this course. In addition, the applications and testing of different elastomers, their design and construction and the recycling of ELASTOMERIC products will be treated.


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