ELECTRONIC FIRE - SJD Electrical

1 PXXXXXXXX The ECA Logo is a Registered Collective Mark. Information presented is accurate at time of in conjunction with the FSAELECTRONIC fire &SECURITY SYSTEMSThe ECA Short Guide SeriesEmergency Lighting SystemsGuide to the Design, Installation,Commissioning and Maintenance ofEmergency Lighting SystemsElectrical Contractors Association, ESCA House, 34 Palace Court, London, W2 4 HYTel020 7313 4800 Fax020 7221 7344 Associates LtdPhone: 01908 632488 Email: 1 LSMilton KeynesMount FarmUnit 6 Mount Avenue3 CONTENTS1 INTRODUCTION .. 42 DEFINITIONS .. 53 NEED FOR EMERGENCY LIGHTING .. 64 CURRENT, NEW LEGISTATION AND 65 EMERGENCY LIGHTING DESIGN .. checklist .. areas .. exit and escape routes .. areas in the immediate vicinity of exits .. cars .. stairways and facilities.

2 Rooms and plant rooms .. car parks .. 107 DURATION OF BATTERY BACK-UP?.. 118 LUMINANCE LEVELS .. 119 PRODUCT CONFORMITY .. 1210 SPACING TABLES .. 1311 LIGHTING AN ESCAPE ROUTE .. 1412 EXIT 1613 INSTALLATION .. 1614 WIRING SYSTEMS FOR CENTRAL POWER SYSTEMS .. 1615 EMERGENCY LIGHTING TEST SWITCHES .. 1716 COMMISSIONING & HANDOVER .. 1717 MAINTENANCE .. for assessing an existing .. 2018 FSA TRAINING COURSES .. 2119 FREQUENTLY ASKED 2145general, older people need more light and take longer to adapt to lower illuminance onhazard or escape anxiety and confusion can be alleviated by strategically placed emergency lightingluminaires and signs indicating the way out of a location or building. It is very importantthat exits are clearly signposted and are visible, whenever the location or building DEFINITIONSIt is a good idea to familiarise yourselves with some of the definitions used within theemergency lighting design, installation, commissioning and maintenance routeA route designated for escape to a place of safety in the event of an escape route lightingThat part of emergency escape lighting provided to ensure that the means of escape canbe effectively identifie d and safely used at all times when the premises are area (anti-panic)

3 Areas of undefined escape routes in halls or premises larger than 60m2floor area orsmaller areas if there is additional hazard such as use by a large number of emergency luminaireA luminaire containing two or more lamps, at least one of which is energized from theemergency lighting supply and the other(s) from the normal mains lighting supply. Acombined emergency luminaire is either maintained or exitA way out that is used during an exitThe terminal point of an escape emergency luminaireLuminaire in which the emergency lighting lamps are energized at all times when normallighting or emergency lighting is emergency l uminaireLuminaire in which the emergency lighting lamps are in operation only when the mainssupply to the normal lighting INTRODUCTIONThis document is a simple industry guide, and is not designed to replace any of the partsof BS 5266.

4 The more detailed technical recommendations can be found in the actualstandards. Members undertaking works on Emergency Lighting Systems should be inpo ssession of the following British Standards:BS 5266-1:2005:2005BS EN 1838:1999 (also numbered as BS 5266-7:1999)BS EN 50172:2004 (also numbered as BS 5266-8:2004)BS 7671:2008 This document looks at the Electrical installation element of these systems and offerssome useful guidance and information on the use of the document is designed to explain the use of and interpret the recommendations ofthe British Standards, as it applies to the individuals and organisations that carry out thedesign, installation, commissioning and maintenance of emergency lighting often called emergency lighting, there are different types of emergency lightingsystems and installations, which have different objectives and standards.

5 This guidecovers emergency lighting, emergency e scape lighting, emergency escape route lighting,open area (often called anti-panic) lighting and high risk task area purpose of emergency lighting is to ensure the safety lighting is provided promptly,automatically and for a suitable time in a specified area when the normal mains powersupply to the usual lighting installation overall objective of emergency escape lighting is to enable safe exit from a locationand/or building in the event of failure of the mains normal objective of escape route lighting is to enable the safe exit from a location or buildingfor occupants by providing appropriate visual conditions and direction finding on escaperoutes and in special locations, and to ensure that fire fighting and safety equipment canbe readily located and used.

6 The objective of open area (anti-panic) lighting is to reduce the likelihood of panic and toenable safe movement of occupants towards escape routes by providing appropriatevisual conditions and direction finding. The objective of high risk task area lighting is to contribute to the safety of peopleinvolved in a potentially dangerous process or situation and to enable proper shut downprocedures to be carried out for the safety of other occupants of the location or combination of different types of emergency lighting is likely to be needed in somebuildings and a risk assessment should be carried out to identify the areas, which willrequire emergency lighting and the type of installation varies from person to person, both in the amount of light required to perceive anobject clearly and in the time taken to adapt to changes in the illuminance level.

7 In76 These documents can be downloaded free of charge should ensure you are familiar with these legislative documents and regulationsbefore undertaking any design or any work. These laws and regulations require that thosewho undertake work within these areas may be required to demonstrate competence. There has been much debate on how individuals and companies can demonstrate thatthey are competent to carry out the maintenance of emergency lighting i nstallations:A person is to be regarded as competent where he/she has sufficient training andexperience or knowledge along with additional qualities for them to assist in undertakingpreventative and protective battery durationDuration, in hours, of emergency operation of the battery required for the duration of emergency operationTime, in hours, as claimed by the manufacturer, that the rated emergency lumen outputis task area lightingThat part of emergency escape lighting that provides illumination for the safety of peopleinvolved in a potentially dangerous area, process or situation and to enable proper shutdown procedures for the safety of the operator and other occupants of the NEED FOR EMERGENCY LIGHTINGWhen the mains supply to the normal lighting of premises fails.

8 Emergency lighting maybe required. Throughout this guide, reference to emergency lighting covers emergencyescape lighting in particular, but also includes any element of standby lighting, whichmay be used for emergency escape lighting, and as determined by the risk CURRENT, NEW LEGISTATION AND POLICYU nder the Management of Health and Safety At Work Regulations 1999 [7], everyemployer is required to carry out a risk assessment to identify the risks to people whoenter the employer s premises; the employer is required to take measures on the basisof the risk assessment to safeguard building occupants. These measures need toinclude the provision of safe means of escape, including, where necessary, emergencylighting, taking into account the needs of people with disabilities, in particular peoplewith visual impairment.

9 Emergency lighting is covered by various pieces of legislation and regulations. The majorof these are: - 1) The Construction Products Directive. This is implemented by building controlofficers Requirements are given in Approved Document B fire Safety (Statutory)2) Regulatory Reform Order ( fire Safety) 2005 (Statutory)3) The Signs Directive (90/664) implemented in UK by Statutory Instrument 341(Statutory)4) The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 (Statutory)Fig 1 - Regulatory Reform ( fire Safety)Order 2005 Fig 2 - Part B of the Building Regulations1) Electricity at Work Regulations 1989 covers the issue of competence inRegulation ) Regulatory Reform ( fire Safety) Order 2005 covers the issue of competence inClause risk assessment is the process of considering each part of a building from the point ofview of what fire hazards exist within an area and what would happen if a fire or explosionwere to occur.

10 This would normally include the provision and need for emergency lightingas lighting forms an important part of any evacuation/escape LOCATIONSIt is important that the emergency luminaires are located to give appropriate illuminance inthe event of a normal lighting failure. There are several areas which would need to beconsidered when designing an emergency lighting system. These Open areasOpen areas are often called anti-panic lighting. These are areas larger than 60m? floor areaor may be areas identified by the fire risk assessment as requiring safety Emerge ncy exit and escape routesEmergency exits and escape routes should be provided with signs. These should beilluminated to indicate unambiguously the route of escape to a point of safety. Where directsight of an emergency exit is not possible, an illuminated directional sign (or series ofsigns) should be provided to assist progression towards the emergency exit.