Emerging Trends - python.mykvs.in

1 Informatics PracticesClass XI ( Asper CBSEB oard)Chapter 12 Emerging TrendsVisit : for regularupdatesTermwisesyllabus 2021-22 Emerging TrendsVisit : for regular updatesArtificialIntelligenceiscomprised oftwowordsArtificialandIntelligence,wher eArtificialmeans"man-made,"andintelligen cemeans"thinkingpower",henceAImeans"aman -madethinkingpower. ArtificialIntelligenceexiststhere,wherea machinecanhavehumanbasedskillssuchaslear ning,reasoning,andsolvingproblemsAccordi ngtothefatherofArtificialIntelligence,Jo hnMcCarthy,itis Thescienceandengineeringofmakingintellig entmachinesGoalsofAI ToCreateExpertSystems Thesystemswhichholdsintelligentbehavior, learn,demonstrate,explain,andadviceitsus ers. ToImplementHumanIntelligenceinMachines Creatingsystemsthatcanunderstand,think,l earn, : for regular updatesApplicationsofAIAI hasbeendominantinvariousfieldssuchas Gaming NaturalLanguageProcessing ExpertSystems VisionSystems SpeechRecognition HandwritingRecognition IntelligentRobotsArtificialintelligencei sascienceandtechnologybasedondisciplines suchasComputerScience,Biology,Psychology ,Linguistics,Mathematics, TrendsVisit.

2 For regular updatesDifferencebetweenNormalProgrammin gandAIProgrammingNORMAL/REGULARPROGRAMMI NGAI PROGRAMMINGINPUT input is a sequence of alphanumeric symbols presented and stored as per some given set of previously stipulated rules and that uses a limited set of communication media such as keyboard, mouse, disc, may be a sight, sound, touch, smell or taste. Sight means one dimensional symbols such as typed text, two dimensional objects or three dimensional means manipulation of the stored symbols by a set of previously defined algorithms. processing includes knowledge representation and pattern matching, search, logic, problem solving and is a sequence of alphanumeric symbols, may be in a given set of colors that is placed on such a medium as a CRT screen, paper, or magnetic can be in the form of printed language and synthesized speech, manipulation of physical objects or locomotion , movement in TrendsVisit : for regular updatesAdvantagesofArtificialIntelligenc e HighAccuracywithlesserrors:ittakesdecisi onsasperpre-experienceorinformation.

3 High-Speed Highreliability:canperformthesameactionm ultipletimeswithhighaccuracy. Usefulforriskyareas:helpfulinsituationss uchasdefusingabomb,exploringtheoceanfloo r,wheretoemployahumancanberisky. DigitalAssistant:SuchasusedbyvariousE-co mmercewebsitestoshowtheproductsaspercust omerrequirement. Usefulasapublicutility:suchasaself-drivi ngcarwhichcanmakeourjourneysaferandhassl e-free,facialrecognitionforsecuritypurpo se,Naturallanguageprocessingtocommunicat ewiththehumaninhuman-language, TrendsVisit : for regular updatesArtificialintelligencecanbedivide dintothreesubfields: Artificialintelligence Machinelearning DeeplearningEmerging TrendsVisit : for regular , TrendsVisit : for regular : Emerging TrendsVisit : for regular ,marketresearch, forexample,whetheranemailisgenuineorspam , forexample, TrendsVisit.

4 For regular updatesNaturalLanguageProcessingNLPisawa yofcomputerstoanalyze,understandandderiv emeaningfromahumanlanguagessuchasEnglish ,Spanish,Hindi, ,analyse,manipulate,andinterprethuman' (NLU) (NLG) Emerging TrendsVisit : for regular updatesAdvantagesofNLP NLPhelpstogetadirectresponsewithinsecond s. NLPoffersexactanswerstothequestion NLPhelpstocommunicatewithhumansintheirla nguages. Itisverytimeefficient. Toimprovetheefficiencyofdocumentationpro cesses,accuracyofdocumentation,andidenti fytheinformationfromlargedatabasesEmergi ng TrendsVisit : for regular updatesApplicationsofNLP QuestionAnswering SpamDetection SentimentAnalysis MachineTranslation Spellingcorrection SpeechRecognition Chatbot InformationextractionEmerging TrendsVisit : for regular updatesAn immersiveexperience pullsapersonintoaneworaugmentedreality, ,soundquality, TrendsVisit : for regular (simultaneouslocalizationandmapping),dep thtracking(briefly,asensordatacalculatin gthedistancetotheobjects), ,angle,direction,orientationinspace, , TrendsVisit.

5 For regular updatesApplicationsofAR ,someevenpromoteamoreactiveoutgoingwayof life(PokemonGo,Ingress). ARinretailmayacttobringbettercustomereng agementandretention, TrendsVisit : for regular updatesVirtualReality(VR) , ,usersareimmersedandabletointeractwith3 TrendsVisit : for regular , ,anequallycompetentrefreshrateandminimum 100-degreefieldofview(FOV)isrequiredfort rueVREmerging TrendsVisit : for regular updatesApplicationsofVR: Automotiveindustry Healthcare Retail Tourism Realestate Architecture Gambling LearningandDevelopmentEmerging TrendsVisit : for regular Businessescanutilizeoutsideintelligencew hiletakingdecisions Improvedcustomerservice Earlyidentificationofrisktotheproduct/se rvices,ifany BetteroperationalefficiencyEmerging TrendsVisit.

6 For regular updatesCharacteristicsOfBigDataVolume ThenameBigDataitselfisrelatedtoasizewhic hisenormousVariety Varietyreferstoheterogeneoussourcesandth enatureofdata, , ,dataintheformofemails,photos,videos,mon itoringdevices,PDFs,audio, , , Thisreferstotheinconsistencywhichcanbesh ownbythedataattimesEmerging TrendsInternet of Things-IOT TheIOTconceptwasinitiallyproposedbyamemb eroftheRadioFrequencyIdentification(RFID )developmentcommunityin1999,andnowithasb ecomemorerelevanttothepracticalworldasth euseofmobiledevices,embeddeddevices,comm unication, InternetofPeople IoTconnectsallthingsmeans InternetofThings InterconnectionofThings/Objects/Machines , ,sensors,mobilephones,electronicdevices, homeappliances, , : for regular updatesEmerging TrendsMAJOR CHARACTERISTICS OF IOT Very Large Scale Heterogeneity Pervasivity-ComputingandCommunicationtec hnologiesembeddedinourenvironmentsVisit : for regular updatesEmerging TrendsHow Does the Internet of Things Work?

7 TheInternetofThingsisanaggregationofinte rnetenabledsensors,smartdevicesandsoftwa rethatcanbemanipulatedbyscripts, , Smartcar-thedriverlesscar(nowaprototype) : for regular updatesEmerging TrendsApplicationsofIOT Elderlycare-Patientsurveillancecanbelife -saving;automaticallydetectingwhensomeon efallsdownorwhentheybegintoexperienceahe artattacksothatemergencycarecanbesentimm ediately. Disasterwarning-Sensorscancollectcritica linformationabouttheenvironment,allowing forearlydetectionofenvironmentaldisaster slikeearthquakes,tsunamis,etc.,thussavin glives. DeliveryDrones dronesbeingusedtodeliveritemwiththehelpo fsmartgrid/geospatialdata. Asmartcityisaframework,predominantlycomp osedofInformationandCommunicationTechnol ogies(ICT),todevelop,deploy, : for regular updatesEmerging TrendsWhatisanIoTPlatform?

8 : for regular updatesEmerging TrendsWhatisanIoTPlatform? ,whichincludesthecurrenttemperature, , TemperatureSensor PressureSensor ProximitySensor AccelerometerandGyroscopeSensor IRSensor OpticalSensor GasSensor SmokeSensorVisit : for regular updatesEmerging TrendsIoTPlatformTypes End-to-endIoTPlatforms-providethehardwar e,software,connectivity,security,anddevi cemanagementtoolstohandleconnectionofmil lionsofconcurrentdevice. ConnectivityManagementPlatforms Itofferlowpowerandlowcostconnectivityman agementsolutionsthroughWi-Fiandcellulart echnologies. IoTCloudPlatforms It saimtogetridofthecomplexityofbuildingour owncomplexnetwork DataPlatform : for regular updatesEmerging TrendsVisit : for regular updatesInCloudComputing, ,configuration, ,infrastructure, (CRM),e-mail,webconferencing, , ,WAN, TrendsVisit : for regular updatesUses of cloud computing Create new apps and services Store, back up and recover data Host websites and blogs Stream audio and video Deliver software on demand Analyze data for patterns and make predictionsCloudcomputingoffersplatformi ndependency, TrendsVisit : for regular updatesWORKING MODELS FOR CLOUD COMPUTINGE merging TrendsVisit.

9 For regular updatesWORKING MODELS FOR CLOUD COMPUTINGDEPLOYMENT MODEL PUBLIC CLOUD For general public. PRIVATE CLOUD For an organization only COMMUNITY CLOUD -For group of organizations. HYBRID CLOUD Mixture of public and private cloudEmerging TrendsVisit : for regular updatesPublic CloudPrivate CloudHosted at service provider siteHosted at Enterprise or service provider serverCheaper than private cloudCostlier than public cloudUtilizes shared infrastructureUtilizesown infrastructureSupports connectivity over internetSupports connectivityover internet/Private WANR equire higherlevel of securityRequire medium level of securitySupports multiplecustomersSupportsone customerShared serverDedicated serverFixed costVariable costMultitenant architectureDedicated customer architectureExample-ESDS's eNlightCloud, Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2), IBM's Blue Cloud, Sun Cloud, Google AppEngineand Windows Azure Services PlatformHewlett Packard Enterprise (HPE)

10 --offers the HelionCloud Suite software, HelionCloudSystemhardware, HelionManaged Private Cloud and Managed Virtual Private Cloud servicesDIFFERENCE BETWEEN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE CLOUDE merging TrendsVisit : for regular updatesWORKING MODELS FOR CLOUD COMPUTINGE merging TrendsVisit : for regular updatesSoftwareasaService(SaaS) ,operatingsystems,middleware,anddatanece ssarytodelivertheprogram, , :MicrosoftOffice365,Salesforce,CiscoWebE x, TrendsVisit : for regular updatesPlatformasaService(PaaS) (computers,mobiledevices,browsers,etc) ,customerscanaccessthedevelopmenttoolsth eyneed,whentheyneedthem, , :AWSE lasticBeanstalk,ApacheStratos,GoogleAppE ngine,MicrosoftAzureEmerging TrendsVisit : for regular updatesInfrastructure as a Service (IaaS) (servers,datastoragespace,etc)inadatacen ter, :MicrosoftAzure,AmazonWebServices(AWS),C iscoMetacloud,GoogleComputeEngine(GCE)Em erging TrendsVisit : for regular updatesBlockchainTechnologytypicallyrefe rstothetransparent,trustless, ,meansnotcentrallycontrolledbyabank,corp oration, ,thelargerthenetworkgrowsandbecomesincre asinglydecentralized, ,ithasgainedalotofattentioninavarietyofi ndustriesincluding:financialservices,cha ritiesandnonprofits,thearts, TrendsVisit : for regular updatesHowBlockchainTechnologyWorksEmerg ing TrendsVisit : for regular updatesGridcomputingisacomputernetworkin whicheachcomputer' , Trends