Essentials Pediatric Nursing - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

1 Essentials of Pediatric Nursing Essentials of Pediatric Nursing Terri Kyle, MSN, CPNP. Assistant Professor, Nursing Pediatrics University of Central Florida Orlando, Florida Acquisitions Editor: Elizabeth Nieginski/Jean Rodenberger Development Editor: Danielle DiPalma/Erin Sweeney Senior Production Editor: Tom Gibbons Director of Nursing Production: Helen Ewan Senior Managing Editor / Production: Erika Kors Design Coordinator: Holly Reid McLaughlin Cover Designer: Bess Kiethas Art Director, Illustration: Brett MacNaughton Senior Manufacturing Manager: William Alberti Indexer: Kathy Pitcoff Compositor: Circle Graphics ISBN-13.

2 978-0-7817-5115-2. ISBN-10: 0-7817-5115-2. Copyright 2008 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins , a Wolters Kluwer business. All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, including as photocopies or scanned-in or other electronic copies, or utilized by any information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner, except for brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. Materials appearing in this book prepared by individuals as part of their official duties as government employees are not covered by the above-mentioned copyright.

3 To request permission, please contact Lippincott Williams & Wilkins at 530 Walnut Street, Philadelphia PA 19106, via email at or via website at (products and services). 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1. Printed in China Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Kyle, Terri. Essentials of Pediatric Nursing / Terri Kyle. p. ; cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-0-7817-5115-5 (hardcover : alk. paper). ISBN-10: 0-7817-5115-2 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Pediatric Nursing . I. Title. [DNLM: 1. Nursing Care methods. 2. Child. 3. Infant. 4. Nursing Assessment.]

4 Methods. 5. Pediatric Nursing . WY 159 K99e 2008]. 2008. '00231 dc22. 2007025968. Care has been taken to confirm the accuracy of the information presented and to describe generally accepted practices. However, the authors, editors, and publisher are not responsible for errors or omissions or for any conse- quences from application of the information in this book and make no warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the currency, completeness, or accuracy of the contents of the publication. Application of this information in a particular situation remains the professional responsibility of the practitioner; the clinical treatments described and recommended may not be considered absolute and universal recommendations.

5 The authors, editors, and publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accordance with the current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any change in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new or infrequently employed drug.

6 Some drugs and medical devices presented in this publication have Food and Drug Administration (FDA). clearance for limited use in restricted research settings. It is the responsibility of the health care provider to ascertain the FDA status of each drug or device planned for use in his or her clinical practice. This book is dedicated to my incredible family, without whom I could never have accomplished this monumental task. My husband John has unfailingly stood by my side, providing continuous positive affirmation and infinite support for this project. My son Christian and my daughter Caitlin have blessed me with their patience and faith in me, as well as the opportunity for me to experience all the stages of growth and development first-hand.

7 The book is also dedicated to the wonderful babies born during this project: Natalie, Ben, Grace, and Ella. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. T he thrilling and challenging experience of with transmission of the manuscript, Brett MacNaughton authoring this textbook would not have been possible with- (Art Director) and the entire art team for the beautiful out the tremendous support of the Lippincott Williams illustrations, as well as Tom Gibbons (Senior Production & Wilkins family. In particular I want to thank Michelle Editor) and the production team for their diligent efforts.

8 McIlvain (Regional Sales Manager) for initially querying My good friend and colleague, Susan Carman, deserves me about this idea that had long been a secret goal of special thanks for her significant contribution not only mine; Elizabeth Nieginski (Senior Acquisitions Editor) to writing chapters and case studies as well as being for believing so strongly in my ideas and never letting me involved in the development of the online study guide, give up; and Danielle DiPalma (Senior Development but also for always listening to, supporting, and encour- Editor) for her vision and organization, but especially for aging me.

9 Special thanks to Amy Gellerman (Producer), her patience with me. I would like to express immense Gus Freedman (Photographer), Newton-Wellesley Hos- gratitude to Sarah Kyle (Development Editor) for so pital Pediatric department, and Boston Shriner's Hospi- clearly being able to see what I wanted and her tireless tal for the beautiful photography they contributed. I would attention to detail even up through the ninth month of also like to thank all of the Pediatric nurses who con- pregnancy and while moving her family across continents. tributed their wealth of knowledge and expertise to devel- Thank you to Maryann Foley (Development Editor) for oping chapters for this book.

10 This would not have been stepping in and filling the gaps, Erin Sweeney for assisting possible without all of you. ABOUT THE AUTHOR. Terri Kyle earned a Bachelor of Science in Nursing from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and a Master of Science in Nursing from Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia. She is a certified Pediatric nurse practitioner and is currently enrolled in the Doctor of Nursing Practice program at the University of Florida. Practicing Pediatric Nursing for over 20 years, Terri has had the opportunity to serve children and their families in a variety of diverse settings.