Excel でできる CVM - 環境経済学（栗山浩一）

1 1 #11-01 Excel CVM 2011 8 606-8502 TEL 075-753-6192 FAX 075-753-6191 E-mail: * Excel Microsoft 2 Excel CVM (CVM) CVM CVM CVM contingent valuation method: CVM CVM (willingness to pay: WTP) (willingness to accept compensation.)

2 WTA) CVM CVM Yes/No Yes No CVM (open-end) (bidding game) 1000 Yes 2000 3000 (payment card) (1)100 (2)200 (3)500 (dichotomous choice) 1000 Yes/No Yes 3 Yes No Hanemann, Loomis, and Kanninen (1991)

3 1 Yes/No 2 CVM CVM ( Excel ) CVM ( ) CVM ( ) ( ) ( ) URL (1) 1 (1997) 3 4 2 CVM (1997) 4 (2)

4 CVM Bid Yes No Y N Yes No CVM 15 (3) Excel Excel 2007 5 (3) (4) OK WTP constant ** ln(Bid) ** n WTP 3,755 7,552 constant ln(Bid) ln(Bid)

5 Yes 6 t p ** ** 5 * 0 Yes Yes 3,755 7,552 Yes RealEstimate7 Yes No T1 TU TL Yes YY Yes No YN No Yes NY No NN 10

6 Constant ** ln(Bid) ** n 296 WTP 1,564 5,751 Location ** Scale ** n 296 WTP 1,566 5,655 5,173 8 T1 3000 TU 6000 T1 TL 1000 T1 Lower Upper Upper 500 9 Turnbull Lower Upper P 0 500 ** 500 1000 ** 1000 3000 ** 3000 6000 ** 6000 15000 **

7 15000 40000 40000 + n 296 YES 1000 3000 ,00010,00015,00020,00025,00030,00035,000 40,00045,000 10 WTP WTP 1000 3000 3,520 5,949 10 ID ID 10 ID 1 Yes No Yes Y 1 N 0 Yes No YN 1 YY NY NN 0 11 11 11 T1 Yes TU No TL T1 TU TL ID 1 2000 Yes

8 5000 No 1000 x1 x10 0 1 0 x1 x5 x6 x10 0 500 500 12 ID 500 12 500 13 12 14 1 0 x3 x5 x7 14 13 constant ** ln(Bid) ** x1 x2 ** x3 x4 ** x5 x6 ** x7 x8 * x9 * x10 ** n 400 x1 * 10% x1 0 x1 Hanemann (1984)

9 T 0 T UY UN VY VN Y N T YES ]Pr[]Pr[]Pr[]Pr[VVVUUYesNNYYNY (1) 14 x NYVVV NY x kkTxTV ln0 Y N (Gumbel ) YES )exp(11]Pr[VYes (2) iNYYesdYesdL])Pr[1ln(]Pr[lnln (3) dY YES dN NO (3) (3) 0x iYdLln (4) (4) (3) xx H iL)1(ln2 (5) (5) YES (2) TkkxWTP 0*exp (6) 0)(dTT 15 Hanemann (1984) )/sin(/exp0 TTTkkxWTP 1102 (7) 0 T Yes S(T) S(T) G(T) )(1)

10 (TGTS TTSlnexpexp)( ]1[)exp( ) ()exp( Tj Yj Yes Nj No Tj Yes j jjjjjpNpYL)1ln(lnln 0 jjjjjpNpYpL1ln Tj Yes jjjjNYYp 16 222)1(lnjjjjjjpNpYppL YY, YN, NY, NN)