EXCITATION AND AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE …

1 EXCITATION AND AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE REGULATOR SYSTEM EXCITATION AND AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE REGULATOR SYSTEM Note : example of specifications from a particular final user , that fix the general guidelines of the equipments manufactured by SEPAC CORP EXCITATION AND AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE REGULATOR SYSTEM 1/2 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. OBJECTIVE AND FIELD OF APPLICATION 2. APPLICABLE STANDARDS AND GUIDES 3. DEFINITIONS Discharge Circuit Initial EXCITATION Circuit Power Stage Generator Full Load Generator No Load Field Switch Alarm and Signaling Panel Protection VOLTAGE Regulator EXCITATION System Seal-In VOLTAGE Event Log Failure Log IRIG-B Power Outlet AUTOMATIC Channel Field Current Regulator Manual Channel 4.

2 SCOPE OF SUPPLY OF EQUIPMENT AND SERVICES 5. DESIGN CONDITIONS Environmental Conditions Operation Altitude Seismic Design Noise Level Transient Interference 6 CHARACTERISTICS General EXCITATION System Regulation and Control Elements Pulse Generators And Amplifiers AUTOMATIC Channel Reference (90R) EXCITATION AND AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE REGULATOR SYSTEM 2/3 Manual Channel Reference (70E) Reactive Compensator Low EXCITATION Limit Switch or Internal Angle Limit Switch Maximum Field Current Limit Switch Volts/Hertz Limit Switch Power System Stabilizer (PSS) Field Current Regulation Channel (Manual Channel)

3 AUTOMATIC Trackers EXCITATION Control Unit Transfer Logic De- EXCITATION Process Internal Sources for Control Alarms and Signaling Power Stage Rectifier Bridge EXCITATION Transformer Bars and/or Power Buses DC and AC Field Switch Initial EXCITATION Circuit Unload Circuit Overvoltage Suppressor. Status Indicators and Control Commands. Protection Regulation Channel Protections Retro-Supply Loss Protection Field Overcurrent Protection Power Supply Loss Protection Rectifier Bridge Protection Thyristor Overcurrent Protection Thyristor Overtemperature Protection Protection for Field Winding Overvoltage Protection for Thyristor Gate Trigger Pulse Failure Protection Cooling System Failure Volts/Hertz Protection Field Winding Protection Protection for Field Generator Ground Failure Protection for

4 Damage from Brush Lift-off Other Protection Protection for Long Time In Forced EXCITATION Protection for Overvoltage (Crow Bar) EXCITATION AND AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE REGULATOR SYSTEM 3/4 Event And Failure Logger. Characteristics of the Disturbance and Event Logger Configuration of the Analog Channels in the Disturbance Logger Configuration of Digital Channels in the Disturbance Logger Equipment for Log Analysis and Logger Configuration Cabinets Wiring, Conductors and Terminal Blocks Terminals and Terminations of Power Cables Control and Instrumentation Cable Terminal 7 MANUFACTURING REQUIREMENTS 8 PACKING AND SHIPPING 9 QUALITY CONTROL 10 TESTS Factory Tests EXCITATION System Tests Other Equipment Tests Field Tests EXCITATION System and Regulation Functional Tests Mounting.

5 Preliminary Verifications and Behavior Tests Electro-Magnetic Compatibility Tests 11 SPARE PARTS AND SPECIAL TOOLS Spare Parts Special Tools 12 INFORMATION Manuals Blue Prints and Instructions Parts and Cable Listing 13 INSTALLATION AND COMMISSIONING SERVICES 14 TRAINING AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER EXCITATION AND AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE REGULATOR SYSTEM 4/5 EXCITATION AND AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE REGULATOR SYSTEM 5/6 1. OBJECTIVE AND APPLICATION FIELD This specification establishes the characteristics and procurement requirements that shall be met for the equipment for the upgrade of the generator EXCITATION system for the generators of _____.

6 2. STANDARDS AND GUIDES THAT APPLY IEC 255-22-4 Electrical Disturbance Tests for Measuring Relays and Protection Equipment Section 4: Fast Transient Disturbance Test. IEC Electrical Disturbance Test for Measuring Relays and Protection Equipment Section Three: Radiated Electromagnetic Field Disturbance Test. IEC 255-22-2 Electrical Disturbance Test for Measuring Relays and Protection Equipment Section Two: Electrostatic Discharge Test. IEC 61000-4-2 Testing and Measurement Techniques Electrostatic Discharge Immunity Test.

7 IEC 1000-1-1 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Part 1: General: Section 1: Application and Interpretation of Fundamental Definition and Terms IEC 1000-4-1 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Part 4: Testing and Measurement Techniques Section 1: Overview of Immunity Tests. Basic EMC Publication IEC 1000-4-4 Testing and Measurement Techniques Section 4: Electrical Fast Transient/burst immunity test Basic EMC Publication. 3. DEFINITIONS For this specification the following definitions are considered: Discharge Circuit This circuit is comprised of devices that allow the insertion of a discharge resistance in the field winding terminals of the generator during a de- EXCITATION sequence, in a coordinated form with the opening of the field switch.

8 This circuit must consider the use of a varistor as an element of protection against overvoltage. Initial EXCITATION Circuit The devices that allow the initialization of the EXCITATION of the generator through the external supply sources. Power Stage The equipment that supplies field current for the synchronous machine (generator) EXCITATION , comprised of an: EXCITATION transformer, rectifying bridge, and power bars and/or buses, or AC and DC and sectioning elements. On Line Generator The operative condition of the generator when it is connected to a power electrical system, and is delivering active power and/or reactive to the electric network.

9 EXCITATION AND AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE REGULATOR SYSTEM 6/7 No load condition Operative condition of the generator when it is at nominal speed and VOLTAGE in terminals, and is not connected to the electric power system. Field Switch Allows connecting and disconnecting the output of the EXCITATION system to the field winding of the generator. Alarms and Signaling The devices that contain signal information and indication of the operative state of the EXCITATION system. Protection The equipment which protects the EXCITATION system devices when abnormal conditions, failures and/or incorrect operation are present.

10 VOLTAGE Regulator An AUTOMATIC control system that maintains the VOLTAGE in the armature terminals at a value defined by a reference element. EXCITATION System The equipment that contains control and power elements which provide the required field current to maintain the VOLTAGE at the generator terminals under the VOLTAGE regulation or field current regulation operation. Additionally it contains the protection, monitoring, logging and sequence control functions. Ceiling Voltages The absolute maximum values of the DC positive or negative that the EXCITATION system can supply at its terminals when the generator is rotating at nominal vacuum speed conditions.