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EXPERIMENT 6:Observation of the V-I characteristic of a diode

EXPERIMENT 6:Observation of the V-Icharacteristic of a diodeDebangshu Physics,1st YearChennai Mathematical Aim of experimentWe try to see the Voltage-Current realtion in Diodes by applying a voltageacross it and measuring the corressponding current flowing through it2 Apparatus requireda)A diodeb)A DC voltage supplierc)Bread boardd)100 resistore)2 multimeter for measuring current and voltagef)Connecting wires3 Theory of experimentThe diode is a device formed from a junction of n-type and p-typesemiconductor material. The lead connected to the p-type material is calledthe anode and the lead connected to the n-type material is the cathode. Ingeneral, the cathode of a diode is marked by a solid line on the function of the diode is rectification.

In the forward-bias region the V-I relationship is described as follows: I = I s(e V nVT −1) In the above equation, I is the forward current, V is the forward voltage, It

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Transcription of EXPERIMENT 6:Observation of the V-I characteristic of a diode

1 EXPERIMENT 6:Observation of the V-Icharacteristic of a diodeDebangshu Physics,1st YearChennai Mathematical Aim of experimentWe try to see the Voltage-Current realtion in Diodes by applying a voltageacross it and measuring the corressponding current flowing through it2 Apparatus requireda)A diodeb)A DC voltage supplierc)Bread boardd)100 resistore)2 multimeter for measuring current and voltagef)Connecting wires3 Theory of experimentThe diode is a device formed from a junction of n-type and p-typesemiconductor material. The lead connected to the p-type material is calledthe anode and the lead connected to the n-type material is the cathode. Ingeneral, the cathode of a diode is marked by a solid line on the function of the diode is rectification.

2 When it is forward biased (thehigher potential is connected to the anode lead), it will pass current. Whenit is reversed biased ( the higher potential is connected to the cathode lead),current flow is general curve looks like this:1In the forward-bias region the V-I relationship is described as follows:I=Is(eVnVT 1)In the above equation, I is the forward current, V is the forward voltage, Itis the saturation current, andVT=kT/qis the thermal voltage. Initially,the V vs I graph is linear but then after reaching breakdown, it ProcedureFirst, complete a circuit as shown below with a 100 resistor and an variableDC input voltage first note the point where the ammeter starts deflecting. We note thispoint and gradually increase the input voltage and take the corresspondingcurrent readings.

3 We have to take many readings till the input voltage is2about 30V. On plotting an V vs I curve, we will get a clear picture of thediode characteristic . Now, we change the direction of voltage that is beingapplied. Then, we can get the readings in reverse bias. These readings onplotting will be Readings for forward (V)Current(mA) Measurement in reverse (V)Current( A) ResultsWe plot the readings on a V vs I curve and the two graphs look as follows:Forward bias graph:4 Reverse bias graph7 Discussion If, we just reverse the diode to measure the I-V characteristics, the suddenchange might destroy the diode . The diode should not be short-circuited. That will allow a flow of hugecurrent which might destroy the diode . Current must not pass through it for a very long time.

4 It will then increasethe depletion region and develop a fluctuating


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