Experiments in Human Anatomy and Physiology

1 Experiments in Human Anatomy and Physiology Department of Biology Ninth Edition 2 Forward Welcome to Human Anatomy and Physiology II (Bio 269). This laboratory manual is designed to act as a guide through Experiments in Human Physiology . Laboratory in Human Anatomy and Physiology II has three aims: 1. To learn physiological concepts, 2. To develop an understanding of the scientific approach ( , how scientists approach a problem and attempt to answer their questions using the scientific method), and 3. To engage in creative and critical thinking. Some laboratory exercises in this manual are more structured ( , give more direction to you) than others.

2 This has been done on purpose so that once you have an idea of how to perform the experiment, you will be asked (challenged) to come up with some novel Experiments to test on your own (with the instructors guidance of course). In this manner you will become more involved in the decision making process, and hopefully will become creative and critical in your thinking towards Physiology . I hope that you find this laboratory course both challenging and interesting. Above all else have fun. I created this lab manual and as such any errors that you may find are mine alone. If you do find an error, or if in your opinion something is unclear, please do not hesitate to point it out to me, so that I may correct it for future students.

3 Again, welcome to the course and good luck. Dr. Giovanni Casotti 3 Table of ContentsTable of Contents .. 3 Timetable and Assessment .. 4 Introduction to inquiry-based labs and oral presentations .. 5 Introduction to LabChart .. 9 Graphing Assignment .. 24 Psychophysiology I .. 26 Psychophysiology II: Independent investigation .. 37 Hematology .. 38 Electrocardiography I and Heart Sounds .. 55 Electrocardiography II .. 71 Respiratory Physiology 72 Respiratory Physiology II .. 87 Renal Physiology .. 108 Digestive Physiology .. 118 All Experiments using PowerLab are Copyright ADInstruments 2016. Reprinted and modified with permission.

4 4 Timetable and Assessment Week ** Topic Assessment 1 Introduction to inquiry-based learning 2 Psychophysiology I 3 Psychophysiology II SmartBoard presentation 4 Hematology 5 Electrocardiography I 6 Electrocardiography II SmartBoard presentation 7 Lab exam 1 ** 8 Respiratory Physiology 9 Respiratory Physiology I 10 Renal Physiology 11 Digestive Physiology (spring only) 12 Lab exam 2 ** ** For an accurate display of lab dates and exam dates please consult the Human Anatomy and Physiology II web site. Laboratory assessment will be as follows: Total 1. Introductory exercise 10 2. Lab quizzes (5 pts each) 30 3.

5 Lab exams (2 @ 60 pts) 120 4. Oral presentations (2 @ 20 pts) 40 200 5 Introduction to inquiry-based labs and oral presentations In lab, you will have several opportunities to design and conduct independent investigations with your lab group. Each group project lasts for two weeks and is worth 20 points (40 points for 2 projects). In the first week, you will gain experience in using the equipment, test specific variables, decide what question you will ask, what methods you will use, and possibly gather some preliminary data. In the second week, you need to come to lab prepared with some background material that relates to your question, finish collecting data, organize those data into graphs or tables, make conclusions, and prepare and make your presentation.

6 You will have about 1 hour to complete your experiment and then your group will have 5 min to present the results to the class. We feel that it is important for you to report the results of your work orally because you will 1) improve your communication skills, 2) learn from the other groups, and 3) experience the ways in which scientists explain, and sometimes defend, their work. Because inquiry and problem-solving labs run more than one week, you will need to communicate with each other between lab sessions. In the space below, exchange full names, telephone numbers, and e-mail addresses with your group members. 6 Oral Presentation Rubric (20 points total): Team Members: Project title: Date: 1) Background material (2 points) Does the background material (at least 2 prior Experiments ) relate to the topic of the investigation?

7 Highly relevant Relevant Somewhat Moderately Not relevant 2 pts pts relevant 1 pt relevant pts 0 pts How could this be improved upon? 2) Variable tested (1 point) Were the dependent and independent variables tested, clearly articulated to the audience? Clearly stated Vaguely stated Not stated 1 pt pts 0 pts How could this be improved upon? 3) Hypothesis and prediction (2 points) Was a hypothesis presented and a prediction made, based on the background information? Highly relevant Somewhat relevant Not relevant/stated 2 pts 1 pt 0 pts How could this be improved upon?

8 4) Method (3 points) The methods were clearly outlined and appropriate for the proposed question: Clearly stated Vaguely stated Not stated 2 pt 1 pts 0 pts The experiment was properly controlled with replicates: Yes No 1 pt 0 pts How could this be improved upon? 5) Results (4 points) Figures or tables were clear, appropriately labeled, and well prepared: Excellent Very good Good Fair Poor 2 pts pts 1pt pts 0 pts This presentation style was an effective way to summarize the results: Yes Needs improvement No 2 pts 1 pt 0 pts How could this be improved upon?

9 7 6) Discussion (4 points) Results were explained well using physiological principles: Excellent Very good Good Fair Poor 2 pts pts 1pt pts 0 pts Reflection on the original hypothesis was made and discussed: Excellent Very good Good Fair Poor 2 pts pts 1pt pts 0 pts How could this be improved upon? 7) Future Directions (1 point) Future directions the research should go were presented and appropriate based on the study: Clearly stated Vaguely stated Not stated 1 pt pts 0 pts How could this be improved upon? 8) References (1 point) At least 3 books or journal articles were presented using the correct formatting style: Complete Incomplete Not done 1 pt pts 0 pts How could this be improved upon?

10 9) Evidence of teamwork (see Supplemental rubric) (1 point) The group worked cooperatively and shared responsibility: Yes Needs improvement No 1 pt pts 0 pts How could this be improved upon? 10) Presentation style (1 point) The presentation was clear, well organized, and well presented: Well done Needs improvement Poor 1 pt pts 0 pts How could this be improved upon? 8 Oral Presentation Supplemental Rubric Lab members (full first/last names) Date Title of lab project: In the table below, sign your initials in the boxes on the top row and check off the areas for the oral presentation that you performed.