―学術委員会報告― FDG-PET 検査における撮像技術に 関す …

1 27 : 425-456 2007).. FDG-PET .. FDG-PET .. : .. SC-4405 .. GE .. : ).. 18. 16 F- FDG-PET .. 425. FDG-PET ). FDG PET 4-3 FDG-PET . 1). 2 . FDG-PET 4-4 . 2005 (PET . 2) . IT. 1 . PET (Positron Emission Tomograph .. 18. F- FDG-PET PET/CT (Positron Emission Tomograph/. Computed Tomograph . PET PET/CT PET X . FDG-PET PET/CT .. (Field of View : FOV . PET .. (Count Rate .. (Sinogram .. 1 . 2 PET PET/CT . 2-1 (Transaxial Plane . 2-2 . (Axial Field of View:AFOV . 2-3 . 2-4 (Sensitivity . 2-5 (cps/Bq . 2-6 (Axial Direction 2-7 Profile of Sensitivity . 3 . 3-1 . 3-2 (FWHM : Full width at Half Maximum.)))))))

2 3-3 . 3-4 . 3-5 1/10 (FWTM : Full width at Tenth Maxi- 3-6 mum . 3-7 1/10. 4 FDG-PET . 4-1 (Two Dimensional Acquisition . 4-2 PET PET/CT . 426. Vol. 27 No. 5 2007). 1 . (n . 2n-1 (Scatter Fraction : SF . (Three Dimensional Acquisition .. (Noise Equivalent Count Rate : NECR . LOR (Line of Response 2 .. (Attenuation . (Single Slice . Rebinning : SSRB . LOR LOR . 1 (Attenuation coefficient .. (Mashed Span . LOR .. (Coincidence Count (Initial Radioactivity) (A0 . 2 T0 . 1 1 . Tcal Acal . (Dead Time . T cal T 0.. A 0 A cal exp( T 1/2) ln 2. T1/2 . (Count Loss .. PET PET/CT.))))))))))))))

3 (Average Radioactivity) (Aave .. (Prompt Coincidence A0 . Count . T1/2 Tacq .. (True Coincidence Count T acq A 0 T 1/2. A ave ( ){. ln 2 T acq (. 1 exp T 1/2 )}. ln 2. (Radioactivity Concentration) (a0 . 1 aave . (Random Coincidence Count (ml) . 2 . 1 .. A0.. (Scatter Coincidence Count . a 0 ( volume ). A ave 1 a ave ( volume ). 427. FDG-PET ). PET PET/CT . 260 mm . 650 mm . (Half-Life) (T1/2 500 mm . 7 . 1 .. 1 . line of re- . sponse . Seconds Minutes Days NU 2-2001 . C-11 1, 223. 4 20. 4 . N-13 598. 2 10. 0 . O-15 122. 2 2. 0 5 mm . F-18 6, 586. 2 109. 8 . Ge-68 23, 398, 848.))))))

4 0 389, 980. 8 270. 8.. 2 PET PET/CT . PET . 3) FDG . 4). PET PET . FDG PET PET/CT .. 2-3 2-5 . PET Nation- . al Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) . NU 2-19945) 1 . NU 2-20016) . PET. 5) 8). JESRA X-73 JESRA X-0073*A-2005 .. 9). 2 NU 2-2001 JESRA X-73 . JESRA X-0073*A-2005 . PET PET/CT 2-1 .. 2 . 18. F-FDG PET . 2-1-1 . 2006 10 : 18F. 10~18). PET : 5 . PET/CT random . A 5 . PET . : 1 mm 2 mm . 428. Vol. 27 No. 5 2007).. 2705, 14-1 1/10 . 2 . 2 2 . 2-1-5 . 1/10 .. 2-2 .. 1 .. 1 mm . 2-2-1 . 2-1-2 : 18F. 1 cm : . 10 cm 10 cm . 1 1 .. 1/4 : 3. 2 0. 2 mm 4. 8 0.

5 2. 100 mm 800 mm . 203 3 mm 700 5 mm . 2-1-3 0. 96 0. 01 . 45 1 mm .. (FBP) 2-2-2 .. 1/3 .. 2-1-4 27 . 6 1/4 55 1/2. 2 . 1 cm . RESx x 0, y 1, z center RESy x 0, y 1, z center RESx x 0, y 1, z 1/4 FOV RESy x 0, y 1, z 1/4 FOV. RES . 4. RESz x 0, y 1, z center RESz x 0, y 1, z 1/4 FOV. RES . 2. 10 cm .. RESx x 10, y 0, z center RESy x 0, y 10, z center RESx x 10, y 0, z 1/4 FOV RESy x 0, y 10, z 1/4 FOV. RES . 4. RESy x 10, y 0, z center RESx x 0, y 10, z center RESy x 10, y 0, z 1/4 FOV RESx x 0, y 10, z 1/4 FOV. RES . 4. RESz x 10, y 0, z center RESz x 0, y 10, z center RESz x 10, y 0, z 1/4 FOV RESz x 0, y 10, z 1/4 FOV.

6 RES . 4. 429. FDG-PET ). 3 .. 1 6C r s, i, j'. SF j'. i random 1 6C TOT, i, j'. j'.. 66C r s, i, j'. SF i j'. 66C TOT, i, j'. i j'. 500 R C TOT, i, j TOT, i, j . T acq, j (C TOT, i, j C r s, i, j). R t, i, j . 2-2-3 T acq, j R t, i, j .. R r, i, j R TOT, i, j ( 1 SF ) i SF. (. 1 SF ). R s, i, j R. i t, i, j i . R 2t, i, j R NEC, i, j (1). R TOT, i, j 2-2-4 . R 2t, i, j 12 cm R NEC, i, j (2). R TOT, i, j+R r, i, j 0 .. i j .. CTOT, i, j .. Tacq, j .. 20 mm (CL, i, j CR, i, j) 40 mm . 2 random 1 . (Cr s, i, j) (j . ) .. 2 . 2705, 14-2 3 . 2-2-5 . 2-2-4 .. 1 .. 2 ( 20 mm.

7 2 . 430. Vol. 27 No. 5 2007). 3 .. 4 4 . 10 cm . 5 . 2-3-3 . 5 . 2-2-6 . R CORR, j, i R j, i 2 (Tj Tcal)/T1/2. 3. 22, 000 cm ) Tcal Rj, i .. (RCORR, j) 2 (RCORR, 0 . random mM) . R CORR, j R CORR, 0 exp( m M 2 X j). 2-3 Xj . 2-3-4 . 10 cm . RCORR, 0 .. 2-3-1 R CORR, 0. S tot . A cal : 18F. Acal . : 1 .. random 5 .. RCORR, 1, i .. R CORR, 1, i : 700 5 mm S i S tot R CORR, 1. 3. 9 mm 2-3-5 . 10 cm . 7. 0 10. 2 13. 4 16. 6 mm (cps/kBq) . 3. 9 mm . 1. 25 mm 70 cm . random . 2-3-2 2-4 . 3. 9 mm .. 10 .. 431. FDG-PET ). 2-4-1 2-4-4 . 18. : F 1 2 cm . : 5 ROI 1 cm . 3 ROI.

8 (Ci, j) i j ROI . : Ci, j Max (Ci .. 20 cm Min (Ci . Ave (Ci) . Ci, j Max (C Min (C Ave (C) . 2-4-2 . 2. 5 cm ROI . (NUi) . (NUsys) . Max(C i) Ave(C i). ( ). 5 100 . Ave(C i). NU i . Ave(C i) Min(C i). 100 . Ave(C i). Max(C) Ave(C). ( ). 100 . 2-4-3 Ave(C). NU sys . Ave(C) Min(C). 100 . Ave(C). FBP. 2-4-5 .. (NUi) .. (NUsys) .. random . (OSEM RAMLA DRAMA .. 2-5 .. 2 .. 2705, 14-3 2-5-1 . : 18F. : .. 1 . : 3. 2 0. 2 mm 4. 8 0. 2. mm 800 mm . 203 3 mm 700 5 mm . 0. 96 0. 01 . 3 ROI 45 1 mm . 432. Vol. 27 No. 5 2007).. 2-5-2 (D ri, j) . R ROI, i, j .. Dr i, j 100 ( ).))))

9 R Extr, i, j 1. 2-5-5 .. 27 .. 1/4 55 1/2.. 2 .. 1 .. random 1 . random .. 2-6 . 500 .. PET .. 2-5-3 .. FBP . (Aave, j) 2-6-1 . 3. 22, 000 cm : 18F. (aeff, j) : . 2-5-4 : 9. 300 ml . 370. MBq (10 mCi)/70, 000 ml 5. 3 kBq/ml 180 mm ROI (0. 14 mCi/ml) 5 . (CROI, i, j) 370 MBq/. (RROI, i, j) 60, 000 ml (6. 2 kBq/ml). C ROI, i, j . R ROI, i, j . T acq, j 4 . Tacq, j . 4 .. 2 .. (RExtr, i, j) .. A ave, j 3 R ROI, i, k R Extr, i, j 6 116. 3 MBq (3. 14 mCi) . 3 k 1 A ave, k k 1 . 370 MBq/60, 000 ml . 135. 7 MBq (3. 67 mCi) . 433. FDG-PET ). 12 ROI . 2705, 14-4 10 13 17 22 28 mm ROI.

10 1 cm 2 cm 4 . 10 13 17 22 . 28 37 mm ROI 12 .. 30 2 mm . ROI . ROI .. 4 . (QH, j (QC, j . (Nj) . : 10 13 17 22 28 37 . mm 6 C H, j/C B, j 1. Q H, j 100. 0. 30 0. 10 g/ml a H/a B 1. C C, j 50 2 mm 4 mm Q C, j 1 ( C B, j ). 100. 4 SD j N j 100. 2 C B, j . K. 6 (C B, j, k C B, j) 2. k 1. 2-6-2 SD j . (K 1). C lung, i DC lung, i 100. C B, i 3 mm CH, j CC, j j ROI . CB, j j . 100 ROI aH . cm/60 60 aB . SDj j ROI. 3 K 60 Clung, i .. ROI CB, i 5 . 2-6-3 37 mm . ROI 5 12 60 .. 2-6-5 .. 2-6-4 .. ROI .. 15 mm . 37 mm ROI 12 . 434. Vol. 27 No. 5 2007). ( 30 cm . D Clung) . 2-7-3.)