Fifth Edition, last update October 18, 2006 - ibiblio

1 Fifth edition , last update October 18, 20062 Lessons In Electric Circuits, Volume I DCBy Tony R. KuphaldtFifth edition , last update October 18, 2006ic 2000-2015, Tony R. KuphaldtThis book is published under the terms and conditions of the Design Science License. Theseterms and conditions allow for free copying, distribution,and/or modification of this documentby the general public. The full Design Science License text is included in the last an open and collaboratively developed text, this book is distributed in the hope thatit will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even theimplied warranty ofMERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

2 See theDesign ScienceLicense for more in its entirety as part of the Open Book Project collection HISTORY First edition : Printed in June of 2000. Plain-ASCII illustrations for universal computerreadability. Second edition : Printed in September of 2000. Illustrations reworked in standard graphic(eps and jpeg) format. Source files translated toTexinfoformat for easy online and printedpublication. Third edition : Equations and tables reworked as graphic images rather than plain-ASCII text. Fourth edition : Printed in August 2001.

3 Source files translated toSubMLformat. SubMLis a simple markup language designed to easily convert to other markups like LATEX,HTML, or DocBook using nothing but search-and-replace substitutions. Fifth edition : Printed in August 2002. New sections added, and error corrections made,since the fourth BASIC CONCEPTS OF Static electricity.. Conductors, insulators, and electron flow.. Electric circuits.. Voltage and current.. Resistance.. Voltage and current in a practical circuit.. Conventional versus electron flow.

4 Contributors.. 332 OHM s How voltage, current, and resistance relate.. An analogy for Ohm s Law.. Power in electric circuits.. Calculating electric power.. Resistors.. Nonlinear conduction.. Circuit wiring.. Polarity of voltage drops.. Computer simulation of electric circuits.. Contributors.. 763 ELECTRICAL The importance of electrical safety.. Physiological effects of electricity.. Shock current path.. Ohm s Law (again!).. Safe practices.. Emergency response.

5 Common sources of hazard.. Safe circuit design.. Safe meter usage.. Electric shock data.. Contributors.. 117iiiivCONTENTSB ibliography.. 1174 SCIENTIFIC NOTATION AND METRIC Scientific notation.. Arithmetic with scientific notation.. Metric notation.. Metric prefix conversions.. Hand calculator use.. Scientific notation in SPICE.. Contributors.. 1285 SERIES AND PARALLEL What are series and parallel circuits?.. Simple series circuits.. Simple parallel circuits.

6 Conductance.. Power calculations.. Correct use of Ohm s Law.. Component failure analysis.. Building simple resistor circuits.. Contributors.. 1706 DIVIDER CIRCUITS AND KIRCHHOFF S Voltage divider circuits.. Kirchhoff s Voltage Law (KVL).. Current divider circuits.. Kirchhoff s Current Law (KCL).. Contributors.. 1967 SERIES-PARALLEL COMBINATION What is a series-parallel circuit?.. Analysis technique.. Re-drawing complex schematics.. Component failure analysis.. Building series-parallel resistor circuits.

7 Contributors.. 2338 DC METERING What is a meter?.. Voltmeter design.. Voltmeter impact on measured circuit.. Ammeter design.. Ammeter impact on measured circuit.. Ohmmeter design.. High voltage ohmmeters.. Multimeters.. Kelvin (4-wire) resistance measurement.. Bridge circuits.. Wattmeter design.. Creating custom calibration resistances.. Contributors.. 3009 ELECTRICAL INSTRUMENTATION Analog and digital signals.. Voltage signal systems.. Current signal systems.

8 Tachogenerators.. Thermocouples.. pH measurement.. Strain gauges.. Contributors.. 32810 DC NETWORK What is network analysis?.. Branch current method.. Mesh current method.. Node voltage method.. Introduction to network theorems.. Millman s Theorem.. Superposition Theorem.. Thevenin s Theorem.. Norton s Theorem.. equivalencies.. s Theorem revisited.. Power Transfer Theorem.. -Y and Y- conversions.. 389 Bibliography.. 39011 BATTERIES AND POWER Electron activity in chemical reactions.

9 Battery construction.. Battery ratings.. Special-purpose batteries.. Practical considerations.. Contributors.. 408 Bibliography.. 408viCONTENTS12 PHYSICS OF CONDUCTORS AND Introduction.. Conductor size.. Conductor ampacity.. Fuses.. Specific resistance.. Temperature coefficient of resistance.. Superconductivity.. Insulator breakdown voltage.. Data.. 43813 Electric fields and capacitance.. Capacitors and calculus.. Factors affecting capacitance.. Series and parallel capacitors.

10 Practical considerations.. Contributors.. 45914 MAGNETISM AND Permanent magnets.. Electromagnetism.. Magnetic units of measurement.. Permeability and saturation.. Electromagnetic induction.. Mutual inductance.. Contributors.. 48015 Magnetic fields and inductance.. Inductors and calculus.. Factors affecting inductance.. Series and parallel inductors.. Practical considerations.. Contributors.. 49916 RC AND L/R TIME Electrical transients.. Capacitor transient response.. Inductor transient response.