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1 Carter Strickland, Commissioner WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM. FIVE YEAR UPDATE . August 2011. WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM. FIVE YEAR UPDATE . August 2011. INTRODUCTION 1. Distribution System 1. Wastewater System 7. SUMMARY 8. PROGRAM UPDATE 10. Automatic Meter Reading 10. Water Use Rules 11. Water Efficiency Programs 12. Water Reuse Programs 15. Education Programs 17. Tracking and Projecting Water Demand 20. PROGRAM ACCOMPLISHMENTS 21. NEXT STEPS 22. GLOSSARY 23. INTRODUCTION. The New york city water supply system is an integrated network of 19 reservoirs and three controlled lakes. The system delivers approximately one billion gallons of water per day to over eight million users. With the city 's population expected to rise to million by 2030, conservation will continue to have an important role in meeting demands for water. It is important to note that, although population growth has increased demand for housing, energy, and transportation, total water consumption has been declining and is lower today than it was 50 years ago.

2 In 1985 the city Council began requiring installation of meters in new or renovated construction and, in 1987, DEP began installing meters in residential properties. This allowed both DEP and the customers to understand actual consumption. Once bills based on metering were established, customers were able to understand and reduce their consumption. In 1994, DEP continued with its water efficiency efforts and launched the world's largest toilet rebate program in response to increasing water use and wastewater flows in the 1980's. DEP has continued to work with regulators and other agencies over the years to monitor and support con- servation efforts (see the Plan Accomplishments section). Although there is an ample supply of water in the region, DEP continues to use conservation methods whenever they are cost effective and do not conflict with other important agency goals.

3 Although current levels of water consumption are near historic lows, it is important to maintain these gains to prepare for the Delaware Aqueduct repair and increased volatility that may occur due to climate change, and to create additional storage in our sewer system for storm water. Distribution System Water for the distribution system is derived from three upstate reservoir systems (the Croton, Catskill and Delaware Systems). The three upstate water collection systems include 18 reservoirs and three controlled lakes with a total storage capacity of approximately 580 billion gallons. They were designed and built with various interconnections to increase flexibility by permitting exchange of water from one system to another. This feature mitigates localized droughts and takes advantage of excess water in any of the three water- sheds. The distribution system is currently furnishing water to users in portions of four of the eight eligible north- ern counties.

4 The distribution system provides approximately 85% of the water used in Westchester County and approximately of the water used in Putnam, Orange and Ulster Counties. Approximately 95% of the total water supply is delivered to buildings by gravity. Only about 5% of the water is regularly pumped by DEP to maintain the desired pressure. As a result, operating costs are relatively insen- sitive to fluctuations in the cost of power. When drought conditions exist, additional pumping is required. DEP | WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM - 5-YEAR UPDATE | AUGUST 2011 1. Schenectady Albany ALBANY. OTSEGO SCHOHARIE RENSSELAER. COUNTY. COUNTY COUNTY COUNTY. CHENANGO. COUNTY. Oneonta Catskill/Delaware Gilboa Cat war De Watersheds sk e la Schoharie i ll S. Delhi Reservoir Sha ETT. K. YOR. n COLUMBIA. HUS. dak GREENE. s DELAWARE COUNTY COUNTY. ile en Tunnel NEW. 5M. SAC.

5 COUNTY. 12 Hunter MAS. Pepacton er Riv Cannonsville Walton Reservoir Reservoir Downsville Phoenicia Ashokan Deposit Esopus Reservoir West Branch Creek Ea Delaware st Kingston We De East Branch st Del law Delaware awa ar re T eT. Hudson unn un DUTCHESS. el ne s l COUNTY. ile CONNECTICUT. 0M. Catskill A. Neversink 10. Reservoir Rondout ULSTER. Reservoir COUNTY. De Liberty la Poughkeepsie qu Neversink w ar ed Tunnel e Aq uct ue Delaware SULLIVAN. COUNTY. Ellenville du ct Croton s Watershed ile M. 75. Neversink River Riv Lake er Boyds Corner Gleneida Reservoir Middle Branch Reservoir PUTNAM. d Gil ke ea Bog Brook La COUNTY Reservoir ORANGE. PENNSYLVANIA COUNTY Kirk East Branch West Branch Lake Reservoir Reservoir ls Croton Falir Diverting Reservo ir Reservo les Mi Titicus Amawalk Reservoir 50 New Croton Reservoir Cross River Reservoir Reservoir Muscoot NE.

6 Hu Reservoir W. ds YO. on WESTCHESTER. NE RK ROCKLAND COUNTY. W. JER COUNTY. CONNECTICUT. River SE. Y. Kensico New york city 's ll). Reservoir uct ct ct Ha White Aquedu Water Supply System Aquedu Aqued ty Plains Ci ou nd m dS. Croton Delaware ro Catskill lan Hillview (f Reservoir Is Lo ng s Jerome Park ile Reservoir M. Catskill / Delaware Watershed Area 25. Croton Watershed Area Bronx Rivers and Reservoirs n tta Catskill Aqueduct and Tunnels NASSAU. a COUNTY. nh Croton Aqueduct Ma Queens Delaware Aqueduct and Tunnels Groundwater Service Area County Borders Brooklyn State Borders Staten Island New york NYCDEP/BCIA/AJ 2/10 Bay Atlantic Ocean 2 INTRODUCTION. The following tables set forth the capacities and original in-service dates of the System's collecting and bal- ancing reservoirs and distribution facilities based on the city records. COLLECTING RESERVOIRS.

7 AVAILABLE CAPACITY(1) ORIGINAL. NAME. (billion Gallons) IN-SERVICE DATE. CROTON. New Croton 1905. Croton Falls Main 1911. Cross River 1908. West Branch 1895. Titicus 1893. Amawalk 1897. East Branch 1891. Muscoot 1905. Bog Brook 1892. Middle Branch 1878. Boyds Corner 1873. Croton Falls Diverting 1911. Total CATSKILL. Ashokan 1915. Kensico 1915. Schoharie 1926. Total DELAWARE. Pepacton 1955. Cannonsville 1964. Rondout 1950. Neversink 1954. Total Total Available Capacity (1) Capacity above minimum operating level DEP | WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM - 5-YEAR UPDATE | AUGUST 2011 3. BALANCING RESERVOIRS AND DISTRIBUTION FACILITIES. STORAGE CAPACITY ORIGINAL. NAME. (BILLION GALLONS) IN-SERVICE DATE. BALANCING RESERVOIRS. Hillview 1915. Total Balancing Reservoirs DISTRIBUTION FACILITIES. Central Park 1862. Jerome Park 1905. Silver Lake (tanks) 1970. Total Distribution Facilities Total Storage Capacity The following table sets forth the Dependable Yield and storage capacity for each of the water supply sys- tems.

8 WATER SYSTEM DEPENDABLE YIELD AND CAPACITY. DEPENDABLE YIELD STORAGE CAPACITY(1). SYSTEM. (MGD) (BILLION GALLONS). Croton 240 Catskill 470 Delaware 580 Queens Wells 33 Total 1,323 (1) Capacity above minimum operating level Delaware system is limited to 520 MGD during drought The Croton System normally provides approximately 10% of the city 's daily water supply and can provide substantially more of the daily water supply during drought conditions. The Croton System consists of 12. reservoirs and three controlled lakes on the Croton River, its three branches and three other tributaries. The water in the Croton System flows from upstream reservoirs through natural streams to downstream reser- voirs, terminating at the New Croton Reservoir. The watershed which supplies the Croton System has an area of 375 square miles. It lies almost entirely within the State, approximately 45 miles north of lower Manhattan, with a small portion in the State of Connecticut.

9 The Catskill System watersheds occupy sparsely populated areas in the central and eastern portions of the Catskill Mountains and normally provide approximately 40% of the city 's daily water supply. Water in the Catskill System comes from the Esopus and Schoharie Creek watersheds, located approximately 100 miles north of lower Manhattan and 35 miles west of the Hudson River. The Catskill System is comprised of the Schoharie Reservoir (formed by the Gilboa Dam across Schoharie Creek) and Ashokan Reservoir (formed by the Olivebridge Dam across Esopus Creek) and the Catskill Aqueduct. The Delaware System, located approximately 125 miles north of lower Manhattan, normally provides ap- proximately 50% of the city 's daily water supply. Three Delaware System reservoirs collect water from a sparsely populated region on the branches of the Delaware River: Cannonsville Reservoir (formed by the Cannonsville dam on the West Branch of the Delaware River); Pepacton Reservoir (formed by the Downsville 4 INTRODUCTION.)

10 Dam across the East Branch of the Delaware River); and Neversink Reservoir (formed by the Neversink Dam across the Neversink River, a tributary to the Delaware River). In addition, wells in Queens can supplement the city 's daily water supply. The wells could be used to provide more of the daily supply during drought conditions. Unlike the rest of the city 's water supply, which is a sur- face and gravity-supplied system originating in a network of upstate reservoirs; well water is pumped from extensive underground aquifers. The acquisition of wells in Queens from Jamaica Water in 1996 represented the first new water supply source for the city since the 1960s when the Delaware surface water system ini- tially came on line. Current demand and flow projections show that if conservation programs, including metering, toilet re- placement, hydrant locking, leak detection, and public information, remain effective there will be no predict- ed need for the city to find additional long-term water supply sources to meet normal demand.