Food and Agriculture Organization of

1 FAOPLANTPRODUCTIONAND PROTECTIONPAPER215 ISSN 0259-2517215 pesticide residues in food 2012 Joint FAO/WHO Meeting on pesticide residues FAOP esticide residuesin food 2012 REPORT2012 Joint FAO/WHO Meeting on Pesticide ResiduesFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations I3111E/1 978-92-5-107400-8 ISSN 0259-25179789251 0740088 Biotecnolog a agr cola para pa ses en desarrollo FAOB iotecnolog a agr colapara pa ses en desarrollo Resultados de un foro electr nicoESTUDIO FAOINVESTIGACI NY TECNOLOGIAEn esta publicaci n se presenta un informe sobre las primeras seis conferencias mediante correo electr nico organizadas por el Foro electr nico de la FAO sobre la biotecnolog a en la alimentaci n y la agricultura, celebradas entre marzo de 2000 y mayo de 2001. Todas las conferencias contaron con un moderador, duraron aproximadamente dos meses y se centraron en la biotecnolog a agr cola en los pa ses en desarrollo.

2 Las cuatro primeras conferencias trataron de la idoneidad para los pa ses en desarrollo de las biotecnolog as actualmente disponibles en los sectores agr cola, pesquero, forestal y ganadero. Las otras dos conferencias trataron de las repercusiones de la biotecnolog a agr cola sobre el hambre y la seguridad alimentaria en los pa ses en desarrollo y las consecuencias de los derechos de propiedad intelectual en la alimentaci n y la agricultura en esos pa 1020-055 XEtude prospective du secteur forestier en AfriqueRapport r gional opportunit s et d fis l'horizon 2020 TUDE FAOFOR TSCe rapport r gional de l Etude prospective du secteur forestier en Afrique fournit une vue d ensemble des possibilit s offertes et des d fis relever pour renforcer la contribution du secteur forestier au d veloppement durable de l Afrique, dans le contexte des changements politiques et institutionnels, d mographiques, conomiques, technologiques et environnementaux.

3 Sur la base d un examen de l impact des facteurs de changement et des sc narios probables, il donne une indication de ce qui pourrait arriver d ici 2020, si les tendances actuelles persistent. Les priorit s et les strat gies permettant de renforcer la contribution du secteur forestier au bien- tre social sont galement tudi 1014-1197412 Title SPINEFAO97 8 9 2 5 2 0 4 9 1 0 4 TC/M/Y4521F/1 ISBN 92-5-204910-X ISSN 1014-2894 Title Spanishgdfgdfgdf sdJgfsdFFAO/WHO MeetingfSubtiltleESTUDIO FAOPRODUCCI NY SANIDADANIMALB lurb TEXTH elvetica bold 8/12412 ISSN 1014-1200412 Title SPINEFAOThe annual Joint Meeting of the FAO Panel of Experts on pesticide residues in food and the Environment and the WHO Core Assessment Group on pesticide residues was held in Rome, Italy, from 11 to 20 September 2012. The FAO Panel of Experts had met in preparatory sessions from 6 to 10 September.

4 The Meeting was held in pursuance of recommendations made by previous Meetings and accepted by the governing bodies of FAO and WHO that studies should be undertaken jointly by experts to evaluate possible hazards to humans arising from the occurrence of pesticide residues in foods. During the meeting the FAO Panel of Experts was responsible for reviewing pesticide use patterns (use of good agricultural practices), data on the chemistry and composition of the pesticides and methods of analysis for pesticide residues and for estimating the maximum residue levels that might occur as a result of the use of the pesticides according to good agricultural use practices. The WHO Core Assessment Group was responsible for reviewing toxicological and related data and for estimating, where possible and appropriate, acceptable daily intakes (ADIs) and acute reference doses (ARfDs) of the pesticides for humans.

5 This report contains information on ADIs, ARfDs, maximum residue levels, and general principles for the evaluation of pesticides . The recommendations of the Joint Meeting, including further research and information, are proposed for use by Member governments of the respective agencies and other interested HEALTH ORGANIZATIONFOOD AND Agriculture Organization OF THE UNITED NATIONSRome, 2013 pesticide residues in food 2012 Joint FAO/WHO Meetingon pesticide residues FAOPLANT PRODUCTIONAND PROTECTIONPAPERR eport of the Joint Meeting of the FAO Panel of Experts on pesticide residues in food and the Environment and theWHO Core Assessment Group on Pesticide ResiduesRome, Italy, 11-20 September 2012 215 The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

6 Concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of 978-92-5-107400-8 All rights reserved. FAO encourages reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product. Non-commercial uses will be authorized free of charge, upon request. Reproduction for resale or other commercial purposes, including educational purposes, may incur fees. Applications for permission to reproduce or disseminate FAO copyright materials, and all queries concerning rights and licences, should be addressed by e-mail to or to the Chief, Publishing Policy and Support Branch, Office of Knowledge Exchange, Research and Extension, FAO, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00153 Rome, Italy.

7 FAO 2013i CONTENTS List of participants .. v Abbreviations .. ix Use of JMPR reports and evaluations by registration authorities .. xiii 1. Introduction .. 1 Declaration of interests .. 2 2. General considerations .. 3 Further consideration on compounds no longer supported by the original sponsor .. 3 Update of the GEMS/ food cluster diets .. 5 Update of JMPR guidance document .. 5 Hazard assessment in the 21st century: incorporating data from new mechanistic-based approaches in JMPR evaluations .. 5 Consideration of adaptive and minor responses to discriminate between adverse and non-adverse effects .. 6 Changes in JMPR procedure .. 7 Assessment of compounds with very low toxicity .. 7 Update of the automated spreadsheet applications for the calculation of short-term dietary intake: new large portion data.

8 8 Further considerations for the use of the proportionality approach .. 9 3. Responses to specific concerns raised by the Codex Committee on pesticide residues (CCPR) .. 13 Acetamiprid (246) .. 13 Chlorpyrifos-methyl (090).. 14 Dicamba (240) .. 15 Diflubenzuron (130) .. 15 Indoxacarb (216) .. 16 Isopyrazam (249) .. 17 Oxamyl (126) .. 17 Pyraclostrobin (210) .. 18 Saflufenacil (251) .. 18 Spirotetramat (234) .. 19 4. Dietary risk assessment for pesticide residues in foods .. 21 5. Evaluation of data for acceptable daily intake and acute dietary intake for humans, maximum residue levels and supervised trials median residue values .. 25 Ametoctradin (253) (T, R) * .. 25 Azoxystrobin (229) (R) .. 45 Bentazone (172) (T) ** .. 47 ii Buprofezin (173) (R) .. 53 Carbofuran (096) (R).

9 57 Chlorfenapyr (254) (T, R) * .. 59 Chlorothalonil (081) (R) .. 73 Cycloxydim (179) (R) ** .. 77 Cyfluthrin/beta-cyfluthrin (157) (R) .. 97 Cyromazine (169) (R) .. 103 Dichlorvos (025) (R) ** .. 105 Dicofol (026) (R) ** .. 115 Dinotefuran (255) (T, R) * .. 119 Dithiocarbamates (105)(R) .. 141 Fenbuconazole (197) (T) .. 143 Fenpropathrin (185) (T) ** .. 147 Fenvalerate (119) (T, R) ** .. 153 Fludioxonil (211) (R) .. 161 Fluopyram (243) (R) .. 163 Fluxapyroxad (256) (T, R) * .. 173 Glufosinate-ammonium (175) (T, R) ** .. 209 Imidacloprid (206) (R) .. 243 MCPA (257) (T, R) * .. 247 Methoxyfenozide (209) (R) .. 263 Penthiopyrad (253) (R) .. 271 Phorate (112) (R) .. 297 Picoxystrobin (258) (T, R) * .. 301 Sedaxane (259) (T, R) * .. 321 Spinetoram (233) (R) .. 337 Thiamethoxam (245) and clothianidin (238) (R).

10 347 Trifloxystrobin (213) (R) .. 349 6. Future work .. 353 Annex 1: Acceptable daily intakes, short-term dietary intakes, acute reference doses, recommended maximum residue limits and supervised trials median residue values recorded by the 2012 Meeting .. 357 Annex 2: Index of reports and evaluations of pesticides by the JMPR .. 373 Annex 3: International estimated daily intakes of pesticide residues .. 387 Annex 4: International estimates of short-term dietary intakes of pesticide residues .. 451 Annex 5: Reports and other documents resulting from previous Joint Meetings of the FAO Panel of Experts on pesticide residues in food and the Environment and the WHO Core Assessment Group on pesticide residues .. 483 Annex 6: Livestock dietary burden .. 491 iii FAO Technical Papers .. 527 R, residue and analytical aspects.