FOSSIL BEDS

1 Estimated Age: 10-12 years(all permanent teeth in wear)The bones of this individual showwell developed bone disease whichis related to severe lung MALE RHINO"Dr. Marie"The chewed and broken bones of thiscamel and the presence of fossilizedcarnivore scat show that this animalwas partially ancestral to Old World camels,this species is called Procamelus CAMEL SKELETONYOUNG ADULTMALE RHINO" "9 Estimated Age: 8-9 years(wisdom teeth just coming in)Found by student workerAmy BULL RHINO "Snag"Estimated Age: 20+ years(all permanent teeth well worn)Note the uneven tooth wear(malocclusion) resulting in the"snaggle-toothed" appearance,and large DEER SKELETON(Longirostromeryx)This individual is partially obscured by a horse skeleton and a rhino skeleton.

2 Though not fully exposed, this is one of the sabre-tooth is an adult rhino withseveral ribs displaced byscavengers. Excavation ofthe body cavity revealedclumps of FOSSIL RHINO13 This elder cow rhino washeavily scavenged andmany of the bones aredisplaced. The skeleton wasdiscovered by volunteer assistantNorma COW RHINO"Brockie"ADULT HORSE BONESC overed or missing bonesIMMATURE HORSE BONES3-TOED MARE AND FOAL SKELETONS14 This young mare and foal, horse species Neohipparion affine, have been disturbed (by trampling and scavenging?)

3 However, it is clear that the baby was between the adult's legs when it hindleg of adultleft hindleg of adultright hindleg of foalleft hind legof foal (passingbetween hindlegs of adult)shoulder blade of adultfoalskullHorse legs11 BULLRHINOThis rhino isresting skull is displacedand it has large tusks inthe lower jaw. Note the slender horse leg below the Age: 1 year(all milk teeth in wear)Notice the rib separation caused byescaping gasses of CALF " "4 SCAVENGED RHINO CALFA fter this rhino died and was partially covered with volcanic ash, a large bone-crushing dog pulled off the pelvis and part of the backbone, then moved it several feet to the FEMALERHINO "Sandy" withBABY RHINO "Justin"3 This close associationsuggests that "Justin", who isabout one month old, may be "Sandy's" calf.

4 Several examples of baby rhinos in nursing position have been found previously at ashfall (none in the Rhino Barn yet).THREE-TOED HORSE2 Notice the "side-toes" on eachfoot, the slenderlegs and light is Cormohipparion occidentale,one of the larger of the several kindsof horses living in this area 10 million years ADULTMALE RHINO"Tusker"Estimated Age: 8-9 years(wisdom teeth just coming in)The highly polished tooth at the frontof the jaw is a tusk. The large size of thetusk identifies this animal as a male.

5 The thigh bone across its face was probably pulled from the carcass of a neighboring rhino by a large BEDSS tate Historical Park & National Natural LandmarkSkeleton MapSkeletons exposed from 1991 FOSSIL Beds State Historical Park & National Natural LandmarkFootprintsRhinosLegendCamelsHors esDeerN151621553317441018141913232472289 202111126 Young Adult Male Rhino "Tusker" Female Rhino "Sandy" with Baby "Justin" Rhino ? Rhino Calves " " and " " Male Rhino "Dr. Marie" Male Rhino " " Bull Rhino "Snag" Male Rhino "Jumbo" Female Rhino "Topsy" Female Rhino "Brockie" Female Rhino "Ichabod" Female Rhino with Calf1 Male Rhino "Bruce's Bull" Rhino Adult Female Rhino with Female Camel SkeletonHind Legs of Small CamelLarge 3-Toed Stallion "Cormo"3-Toed Mare and Foal SkeletonsSmall 3-Toed Stallion "Andria"Small 3-Toed Horse "Socks"Adult Female Musk DeerAdult Male Musk Deer10 feet3 metersUNL does not discriminate based upon any protected status.

6 Please see Discoveries made under the new Hubbard Rhino Barn have yet to be mapped.