FRAMES OF REFERENCE

1 FRAMESOFREFERENCEfor Pediatric Occupational TherapyTHIRD EDITIONPAULA KRAMER, PhD, OTR, FAOTAP rofessor and ChairDepartment of Occupational TherapyCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of the Sciences in PhiladelphiaPhiladelphia, PennsylvaniaJIM HINOJOSA, PhD, OT, BCP, FAOTAP rofessorDepartment of Occupational TherapySteinhardt School of Culture, education , and Human DevelopmentNew York UniversityNew York, New YorkAcquisitions Editor:Emily LupashManaging Editor:Linda G. FrancisMarketing Manager:Allison NoplockDesign Coordinator:Stephen DrudingProduction Editor:Marian A. BellusCompositor:Laserwords Private Limited, Chennai, IndiaCopyright 2010 Lippincott Williams & WilkinsCopyright 1999 Lippincott Williams & WilkinsFirst Edition 1993351 West Camden Street530 Walnut StreetBaltimore, Maryland 21201-2436 USAP hiladelphia, Pennsylvania 19106 USAAll rights reserved.

2 This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be reproduced in anyform or by any means, including photocopying, or utilized by any information storage and retrieval systemwithout written permission from the copyright owner, except for brief quotations embodied in critical articlesand reviews. Materials appearing in this book prepared by individuals as part of their official duties as employees are not covered by the above-mentioned in ChinaLibrary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication DataFrames of REFERENCE for pediatric occupational therapy / [edited by] Paula Kramer, Jim Hinojosa. 3rd ; bibliographical references and : 978-0-7817-6826-9 ISBN-10: 0-7817-6826-81. Occupational therapy for children.

3 I. Kramer, Paula. II. Hinojosa, Jim.[DNLM: 1. Occupational Therapy Child Development. 3. Child. 4. DisabledChildren rehabilitation. 5. Infant. WS 368 F813 2009] 515 dc222008046747 Care has been taken to confirm the accuracy of the information presented and to describe generallyaccepted practices. However, the authors, editors, and publisher are not responsible for errors or omissions orfor any consequences from application of the information in this book and make no warranty, expressed orimplied, with respect to the currency, completeness, or accuracy of the contents of the publication. Applicationof this information in a particular situation remains the professional responsibility of the authors, editors, and publisher have exertedevery effort to ensure that drug selection and dosageset forth in this text are in accordance with current recommendations and practice at the time of , in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of informationrelating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug forany change in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions.

4 This is particularly importantwhen the recommended agent is a new or infrequently employed drugs and medical devices presented in this publication have Food and Drug Administration(FDA) clearance for limited use in restricted research settings. It is the responsibility of health care providers toascertain the FDA status of each drug or device planned for use in their clinical purchase additional copies of this book, call our customer service department at (800) 638-3030or fax orders to (301) 223-2320. International customers should call (301) Lippincott Williams & Wilkins on the Internet: at Lippincott Williams & Wilkinscustomer service representatives are available from 8:30 AMto 6PM, dedicate this book to the children, families, and colleagueswith whom we have worked who have changed our lives andperspectives.

5 Ultimately, this book is dedicated to the childrenwhose lives may be changed by this A. Barthel, BMR, OTRNDTA OT InstructorLabyrinth JourneysVictoria, British Columbia, CanadaCheryl Ann Colangelo, MS, OTLO ccupational TherapistNorth Salem Central School DistrictNorth Salem, New York;Clinical instructorColumbia University;Instructor, Mercy CollegeDobbs Ferry, New YorkCraig Greber, BHMS (Ed), B Occ ThySenior Lecturer in Occupational TherapySchool of Health and Sport SciencesFaculty of Science, Health and EducationUniversity of the Sunshine CoastMaroochydore DC, AustraliaKristine Haertl, PhD, OTR/LAssociate ProfessorDepartment of Occupational Science andOccupational TherapyThe College of St. CatherineSt. Paul, MinnesotaJim Hinojosa, PhD, OT, FAOTAP rofessorDepartment of Occupational TherapySteinhardt School Culture, education , andHuman DevelopmentNew York UniversityNew York, New YorkMargaret Kaplan, PhD, OTR/LAssociate Professor, Occupational TherapyProgramState University of New YorkDownstate Medical CenterBrooklyn, New YorkJane Koomar, PhD, OTR/L, FAOTAE xecutive DirectorOccupational Therapy Associates;Board PresidentSensory Processing Institute for Research andLearning (SPIRAL) FoundationWatertown, MassachusettsPaula Kramer, PhD, OTR, FAOTAP rofessor and ChairDepartment of Occupational TherapyCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of the Sciencesin PhiladelphiaPhiladelphia, PennsylvaniaShelly J.

6 Lane, PhD, OTR/L, FAOTAP rofessor and ChairDepartment of Occupational Therapy;Assistant Dean of ResearchSchool of Allied Health ProfessionsVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmond, VirginiaAimee J. Luebben, , OTR, FAOTAP rofessor of Occupational TherapyUniversity of Southern IndianaEvansville, IndianavviContributorsTeresa A. May-Benson, ScD, OTR/LClinical DirectorOccupational Therapy Associates-Watertown;Research DirectorSensory Processing Institute for Research andLearning (SPIRAL) FoundationWatertown, MassachusettsMary Muhlenhaupt, OTR, FAOTAC linical Research CoordinatorChild and Family Studies Research ProgramsThomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphia, Pennsylvania;Occupational Therapy ConsultantPhoenixville, PennsylvaniaLaurette Joan Olson, PhD, OTRA ssociate ProfessorMercy CollegeDobbs Ferry, New York;Occupational Therapy ConsultantMamaroneck Public SchoolsMamaroneck, New YorkKaren Roston, MA OTR/LCandidate for Doctorate of Professional StudiesNew York UniversityNew York, New York.

7 Senior Occupational TherapistNew York City department of EducationNew York, New YorkCharlotte Brasic Royeen, PhD,OTR, FAOTADean of Edward and Margaret Doisy College ofHealth SciencesProfessor of Occupational Science andOccupational TherapySaint Louis ,MissouriRoseann C. Schaaf, PhD,OTR/L, FAOTAA ssociate Professor and Vice ChairmanDepartment of Occupational TherapyThomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphia, PennsylvaniaSarah A. Schoen, PhD, OTRD irector of Applied ResearchSPD FoundationGreenwood Village, Colorado;Assistant Professor, Rocky Mountain UniversityClinical InstructorUniversity of Colorado at Denver and HealthSciences CenterDenver, ColoradoMary Shea, MA, OTR, ATPK essler Institute for RehabilitationClinical Manager, Occupational TherapyWest Orange, New JerseySusanne Smith Roley, MS,OTR/L, FAOTAP roject Director, USC/WPS ComprehensiveProgram in Sensory IntegrationUSC Division of Occupational Science andOccupational TherapyLos Angeles, California;Coordinator of education and Research,Pediatric Therapy NetworkTorrance, CaliforniaColleen M.

8 Schneck, ScD,OTR/L, FAOTAD epartment Chair and ProfessorDepartment of Occupational TherapyEastern Kentucky UniversityRichmond, KentuckyTien-Ni Wang, MADoctoral CandidateTeaching FellowNew York UniversityNew York, New YorkJenny Ziviani, PhD, MEd,BA, BAppSc(OT)Associate ProfessorDivision of Occupational TherapyThe University of QueenslandBrisbane, AustraliaFOREWORDThe need for occupational therapy services has risen exponentially with the increase inadverse conditions affecting children s health including poverty, disease, complicationsfrom multiple births, and rates of disabilities due to autism. We as occupationaltherapists are challenged, therefore, to provide services to a wide range of childrenhaving specific pediatric conditions and their families in an ethical, professional, andefficacious manner.

9 Paula Kramer and Jim Hinojosa s third edition ofFrames of Referencein Pediatric Occupational Therapydiscusses the legitimate tools of occupational therapypediatric practice. I argue that this book is, in fact, an important and essential tool forany pediatric occupational therapy student or practitioner. It is one tool that will assistany of us, be it a student, new graduate, or someone like myself with a few decadesof practice under her belt, to conceptualize and revise pediatric occupational therapypractice by current standards including new and emerging theory as well as internationaltrends in use of professional are many aspects of this book that are simply stellar. Itiseasytoread. It takes complex concepts and presents them in an easy to understand manner.

10 It is extremely comprehensive in terms of a variety of theoretical references. It reflects high academic and practice standards. It is very practical in that it reaffirms the need to use multiple FRAMES of references , I really appreciate the emphasis the editors have placed upon criticalreasoning and conscious use of self as two key elements of pediatric occupationaltherapy practice. For, regardless of our technology and sophisticated knowledge andunderstanding of the field, our application of such is only as good as our criticalreasoning and our ability to use ourselves well in the treatment of REFERENCE for Pediatric Occupational Therapywell reflects occupationaltherapy s longstanding and exceptional use of theory, and multiple theories, as legitimatetools of practice.