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Fundamentals of Networking - Washington …

Raj JainThe Ohio State University1B-1 Fundamentals of NetworkingRaj JainProfessor of CISThe Ohio State UniversityColumbus, OH JainThe Ohio State University1B-2 Trend: Networking is Critical Communication more critical than computing Bus performance vs ALU speed I/O performance vs SPECM arks User Location: 1960: Computer room1970: Terminal room 1980: Desktop1990: Mobile System Extent: 1980: 1 Node within 10 m 1990: 100 nodes within 10 kmRaj JainThe Ohio State University1B-3 Last 10 years: Individual computingNext 10 years: Cooperative computing Past: Corporate networksFuture: Inter-corporate networks National Info Infrastructures International Info InfrastructuresRaj JainThe Ohio State University1B-4 Trend: Exponential Growth0200,0001,000,0001,800,000 Jul-81 Oct-85 Jul-88 Oct-89 Oct-91 Oct-92 Oct-93 Number of Hosts on the InternetRaj JainThe Ohio State University1B-5 Networking in Social Fabric USENET: Ten million news articles/month 18 on-line coffee houses in San Francisco National Public Radio Program Supreme court decision within one day Real estate, on-line catalog 137 countries reachable via EmailRaj JainThe Ohio State University1B-8 Data Communication vs Networking Communication: Two Nodes.

Fundamentals of Networking Raj Jain Professor of CIS The Ohio State University Columbus, OH 43210 ... Networking: Two or more nodes. The …

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Transcription of Fundamentals of Networking - Washington …

1 Raj JainThe Ohio State University1B-1 Fundamentals of NetworkingRaj JainProfessor of CISThe Ohio State UniversityColumbus, OH JainThe Ohio State University1B-2 Trend: Networking is Critical Communication more critical than computing Bus performance vs ALU speed I/O performance vs SPECM arks User Location: 1960: Computer room1970: Terminal room 1980: Desktop1990: Mobile System Extent: 1980: 1 Node within 10 m 1990: 100 nodes within 10 kmRaj JainThe Ohio State University1B-3 Last 10 years: Individual computingNext 10 years: Cooperative computing Past: Corporate networksFuture: Inter-corporate networks National Info Infrastructures International Info InfrastructuresRaj JainThe Ohio State University1B-4 Trend: Exponential Growth0200,0001,000,0001,800,000 Jul-81 Oct-85 Jul-88 Oct-89 Oct-91 Oct-92 Oct-93 Number of Hosts on the InternetRaj JainThe Ohio State University1B-5 Networking in Social Fabric USENET: Ten million news articles/month 18 on-line coffee houses in San Francisco National Public Radio Program Supreme court decision within one day Real estate, on-line catalog 137 countries reachable via EmailRaj JainThe Ohio State University1B-8 Data Communication vs Networking Communication: Two Nodes.

2 Networking : Two or more nodesRaj JainThe Ohio State University1B-9 Distributed Systems vs Networks Distributed Systems: Users are unaware of underlying , trn instead of \n\bone\0\trn Mostly operating systems issues. Nodes are generally under one organization s control. Networks: Users specify the location of :\\ \~jain\ Nodes are JainThe Ohio State University1B-10 Types of Networks Point to point vs Broadcast Circuit switched vs packet switched Local Area Networks (LAN) 0-2 km, Metropolitan AreaNetworks (MAN) 2-50 km, Wide Area Networks (WAN)50+ kmWANLANRaj JainThe Ohio State University1B-11 Protocol LayersPhilosopherTranslatorSecretaryI believe there is a God! Problem: Philosophers in different countries speak differentlanguages. The Telex system works only with JainThe Ohio State University1B-12 ISO/OSI Reference ModelApplicationPresentationSessionTrans portNetworkDatalinkPhysicalHow to transmit signal: CodingTwo party communication: EthernetRouting, Addressing: IPEnd-to-end communication: TCPFile transfer, Email, Remote LoginASCII Text, SoundEstablish/manage connection123 Raj JainThe Ohio State University1B-13 Layering Protocols of each layer have to perform a set of functions All alternatives for a row have the same interfaces Choice of protocols at each layer is independent of those of atother layers.

3 , TCP works over IP or IPX (Novell s IP)UDP = User Data Protocol Need one component of each layer Null components Nth layer control info is passed as N-1th layer RingIPEthernetCopperFiberSameInterfacesF TPT elnetWebEmailUDPRaj JainThe Ohio State University1B-14 Protocol Data Unit (PDU)ApplicationPresentationSessionTrans portNetworkDatalinkPhysicalAPDU, MessagePPDUSPDUTPDUNPDU, PacketDPDUPhPDU, FrameApplicationPresentationSessionTrans portNetworkDatalinkPhysicalRaj JainThe Ohio State University1B-15 Service Data Unit (SDU)ApplicationPresentationSessionTrans portNetworkDatalinkPSDUSSDUTSDUNSDUDSDUP hSDUP hysicalRaj JainThe Ohio State University1B-16 TCP/IP Reference Model TCP = Transport Control Protocol IP = Internet Protocol (Routing)ApplicationPresentationSessionT ransportNetworkDatalinkPhysicalApplicati onTransportInternetworkHost to NetworkFTPTCPIPE thernetTelnetHTTPUDPP acketRadioPoint-to-PointRaj JainThe Ohio State University1B-17 ODN s Four-Layer Model ODN = Open Data Networks Bearer Service: Bit level transport service Includes links, switches, routers, network management Transport Layer: Enhanced end-to-end services May include reliable, sequenced delivery, flow control Can be realize either in the network or in the end nodes Not a core part of the bearer service Middleware: Common higher level functions file system support, privacy, authentication, name service,directory service Applications.

4 Email, Airline reservationRaj JainThe Ohio State University1B-18 Four Layer ModelEmailVideoAudioRemoteLoginInformati onBrowsingFinancialServicesImageFaxFileS ystemSecurityPrivacyServiceDirectoriesNa meServiceTransport ServiceODN Bearer ServiceNetwork Technology SubstrateLANsATMF rameRelayWirelessDialupRaj JainThe Ohio State University1B-19 Summary Networking is growing exponentially Communication, Networks, and Distributed systems ISO/OSI s 7-layer reference model TCP/IP has a 4-layer modelRaj JainThe Ohio State University1B-20 Reading Assignment Read Chapter 1 of Stallings, particularly Table Section , Optional: You may want to read ahead Chapter 2.


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