*GLEN1069 Training Manual - James Glen

1 THE BEST DESERVES THE BESTT rainingmanual For a fresh approach to fastener Training . Training ManualWelcome, Copyright & DisclaimerWelcome to our first stand alone publication of technical information for Training . This Manual has been put together to provide an easy to understand summary of many issuesthat are common to most types of hope it will benefit your organisation as a handy tool for Training new and existing staff,and become a valued resource in the Information contained in this Training Manual has beenobtained from AS/NZS Standards, International Standards,data provided by or published by international fastenersuppliers, manufacturers and institutions, and by directcalculation and measurement by James Glen Pty Ltd. Everycare has been taken by the staff of James Glen Pty Ltd incompilation of the data contained herein and in verification ofits accuracy when published, however the content of thistraining Manual is subject to change without notice due tofactors outside the control of James Glen Pty Ltd and thismanual should, therefore, be used a s a guide only.

2 Forexample, the products referred to in this publication arecontinually improved through further research anddevelopment and this may lead to information contained inthis Manual being altered without Training Manual is published and distributed on the basisthat the publisher is not responsible for the results of anyactions taken by users of information contained in thistraining Manual on the basis of information contained in thismanual nor for any error in or omission from this Glen Pty Ltd does not accept any responsibilitywhatsoever for misrepresentation by any person whatsoeverof the information contained in this Training Manual andexpressly disclaims all and any liability and responsibility toany person, whether a reader of this Training Manual or not,in respect of claims, losses or damage or any other matter,either direct or consequential arising out of or in relation tothe use and reliance, wether wholly or partially, upon anyinformation contained or products referred to in this Published in Sydney byJames Glen Pty LtdACN 000 472 506 ABN 38 000 472 506 Unit A, Alexandria Industrial Estate35-39 Bourke Road (cnr Huntley Street) Alexandria NSW 2015 AustraliaTelephone (02) 9699 9999 Facsimile (02) 9699 8688 Printed 2000 Printed in Australia by David J File Printing.

3 2000 James Glen Pty LtdThis publication is copyright. Other than for the purposes ofand subject to the conditions prescribed under the CopyrightAct 1968 (as amended), no part of it may in any form or byany means (electronic, mechanical, microcopying,photocopying, recording or otherwise) be reproduced, storedin a retrieval system or transmitted without prior writtenpermission of the copyright owner. Enquiries should beaddressed to James Glen Pty :Unauthorised reproduction in whole or inpart is an infringement of copyright. James Glen Pty Ltd willactively pursue any breach of its Manual1 Preface, Disclaimer & CopyrighttrainingmanualIndexPreface2 Section 1 CharacteristicsDriving Methods4 6 Head Styles7 9 Heads with Special Features10 Thread Types11 17 Point Types18 19 Nuts20 23 Washers24 26 Section 2 PropertiesMaterials, Mechanical Properties and Markings28 37 Bolt Tensioning38 39 Finishes and Coatings40 43 Galling44 Measuring Points and Terms45 Fastener Training Manual 2000.

4 Compiled 2000 by James Glen Pty Training Manual 2000 . Compiled 2000 by James Glen Pty BEST DESERVES THE BESTT raining ManualSection 1 CharacteristicsPrefaceThis Training Manual is intended to provide a basicunderstanding and recognition of the products stocked in theJAMES GLEN product range as well as some other of themore common standard fasteners; as such, it is not intendedas a highly technical reference of the appropriate fasteners for a particularapplication is the realm of appropriately qualified engineersand this Manual does not attempt to provide the basis majority of the fasteners stocked in the James Glenproduct range are of the threaded type, which are essentiallystandard in nature and are tightened or assembled byrotational of these products have common features such asdriving methods, threads, heads, points, materials, finishesetc.

5 While others may have additional unique features suchas nylon inserts, serrations, tamper resistance, welding lugsor may be an adjunct to the primary fastener such as nuts,washers and cotter this Manual , we attempt to identify each of these features,the common and optional terminology for it, its use orpurpose and the products likely to incorporate it, so thatusers of this Manual improve their ability to quickly identifyand describe a specific also attempt to provide a basic understanding of themechanics of threaded fasteners, their materials and strengthgrades, how they work, how and where to measure them andwhich finishes are available, so that Manual users are betterequipped to provide superior customer Manual3 PrefacetrainingmanualFastener Training Manual 2000 . Compiled 2000 by James Glen Pty Manual4 Section 1 Characteristics 5 Section 1 Characteristics 4 Driving MethodsThe drive on a fastener is the feature through which rotational torque is applied.

6 All threaded fasteners will have a drive feature orwill have a retention feature to prevent rotation whilst the mating part is rotated - eg: a nutSKETCHDRIVE TYPEUSESTOOLSC ommonly found on woodscrews and Flat bladed common screws in domestic applications or where field retightening or removal SLOTmay be suitable for hand operated and simplest drive found on self tapping screws Ideal for power operated toolsRECESSand machine screws, particularly whereand hand tools.(Type 1)they can be power assembled eg: on a (X-Recess)production line for domestic appliances.(Cross-Recess)POZIDRIVEAs above, but is less prone to Power operated PozidriveRECESS cam out when drive tools are and Pozidrive hand tools.(Type II or IA)(X-Recess)CombinationMost commonly found on mush headPower operated drive tools(Phillips Recess & Slot) roofing screws and machine screws,and hand tools, flat slot or (X-Recess or Slot)allowing for power driven assemblycross field removal or adjustment by common blade applications usually on Conventional flat blade(One Way)self-tappers, woodscrews or machine screwdriver to tighten.

7 (Jail Head)screws, eg: domestic window locks, jailCannot be easily removedcell hinges, door lock exposed drilling and using Declining special removal DRIVES ecurity applications, usually on Special hand screwdriver(Snake Eyes) self-tapping screws or machine screwswith 2-pin high assembly torque is not required, eg: into DRIVEAs hand driver with (3 Pin Drive)Also seen on golf shoe spikes or 3-pin Training Manual 2000 . Compiled 2000 by James Glen Pty Training Manual 2000 . Compiled 2000 by James Glen Pty Methods ContinuedSKETCHDRIVE TYPEUSESTOOLSTRI-WINGS ecurity applications usually confined Special 3-bladed drivers bothto screw products, particularly in power and , public transport fittings and electrical appliances where fieldwork should only be carried out by authorised service RECESSP rincipally used in high torque Hexagon socket key (Allen key)applications such as automotive, and hexagon power equipment, tool die associated with cap screws.

8 (Also comes as square recess).HEXAGONThe most common drive on bolt Hand driven ring and open products very versatile in drive ended spanners, hand or power torque range; economical to with socket associated with a flange head12-point socket driver.(Double Hexagon)and in high torque applications where In some circumstances a ringthere is a restriction on head size or spanner could be space limits hexagon driving tools eg: inside a TORX Gives very high driving torque Normally power driven withcapability with low risk of cam out .special drive bits or hand drivenUsually found in high production with a torx , particularly automotive and appliance industries. Usually restricted to screw TORX As with 12-point, usually associated Normally power driven withwith a flange drive high driving torque by hand withOften found in automotive and aircraft tension wrench and specialengine restricted to bolt usage.

9 Was often used in Hand driven with open-endedtimber bridgework and where larger spanner or adjustable surface was used in a small version on square drive cap screws. HEXAGON SLOT Usually associated with screw products. Power driven with COMBINATIONIs useful where it can be power driven hexagon the assembly line and removed or Hand adjusted withadjusted in service with a bladeblade Usually head is indent hex and sometimes x-recess is also BEST DESERVES THE BESTT raining Manual6 Section 1 Characteristics Section 1 Characteristics 76 Driving Methods ContinuedIn addition to the clutch, eye drive and tri-wing security drivesdepicted, many of the recess type drives can be manufacturedwith a central post to prevent the entry of a conventionaldriving is most common with hexagon recess and internal torxand would normally be confined to head styles that resistgrasping with pliers or best.

10 Most security products and products incorporatingcentral posts can be classified as tamper resistant ratherthan tamper HEADMost common usage is on screw products where a flush fit is required (Flat)on the surface, eg: door hinges and timber joinery or into steel applications, eg: manhole cover also be seen on bolt products, but usually accompanied by a retention device such as a square or a lug as in plow and earthmoving COUNTERSUNKMost often associated with screw products in exposed applications.(Oval & Instrument)Usually will be chrome or nickel plated for appearance and is sometimes coupled with a cup washer to enhance the appearance, eg: fittings on public HEADP redominantly used on screw products where a flat bearing surface is(American Style)required or conversely, where a countersunk is not economically produced than HEADNow normally only found on solid rivets and on some hot forged products.