탄소배출권거래의이해 - gsnj.re.kr

1 1. ?2. , ?3. , ?4. ?5. ? 1-1 ( 1. ?o .. MB / ..o . (CO2), (CH4), (N2O) 3 6 . 80% ( ) .. 2008 1000 , 3 . , .. 2002 11 9 1 2008 2012 ,2013 . 2020 . 2010 .2. , ?o.)

2 1992 (AnnexI) 2008 2012 1990 . ( ) . 4 , . (IET), (JI), (CDM) ( 1). (IET:InternationalEmissionTrading) .. (JI:JointImplementation) . , A B B A . (CDM:CleanDevelopmentMechanism;EUR:Emiss ionReduction Unit) (CER:CertifiedEmissionReduction) .1) CDM.

3 1) CDM . 5< 1> (KyotoMechanisms) (IET AAU) 17 , (AAU) . (JI ERU) 6 , A B A . ERU .ERU AAU . (CDM CER) 12 , A B .CER AAU .o .. , .6 CER ERU , . 1 A,B . 100 CO2 20 , A 10 B 7.

4 A 200 (=20 10 ) , B 140 (20 7 ) . A 10 , B 30 A 8 10 . A 200 180 (=10 10 +10 8 ) , B 140 130 (=30 7 -10 8 ) . A CO2 20 , B 10 . IET , . IPCC ,OECD 7 20 665 , 14 135 .< 1> 40 ( 20 ) A B 10 7 8 CO2 CO2 100 80100 80100 90 100 70 A B A B A 20 10 / 200 A 10 10 / +8 180 B 20 7 / 140 B 30 7 / -8 130 340 310 3. , ?o , ( 2).

5 8 < 2> (2008 ) , , , ( 2). AAU CER,ERU (Kyotomarket) , (non-Kyotomarket) . (AnnexI) AAU (allowances) 9 CER ERU (credits) .< 2> (Kyotomarket) (non-Kyotomarket) (allowance) (creditoroffset) (exchange) (OTC) (compliance) (voluntary) (exchange) (emissionreductionpurchasingagreement:ER PA) (over-the-counter:OTC).

6 (compliance) (voluntary) , .10 EU ETS EU , CCX , .o (non-KyotoVoluntary) (compliancemarket) (voluntarymarket) . EUETS,RGGI . , ,NGO, (offsetting) .2) .. CDM JI , , , ( 3).2) (carbonneutral) , . (carbonfootprint) . 11< 3> - - - - - - - - (standards) (deliveryrisk).

7 2013 2 . , .4. ?o 1 (2008-2012 ) . ,CDM (CER) 12 (VER KCER) . KCER VER , 5000 . 4 CDM . 2009 9 CDM 77 19 (CO2e) CER . HFC CER , 12 (CER) . ( ) ..o CDM . 2009 9 UN CDM 10 , CDM 1,832 101 ( 4). CDM (projectactivity) ( 5).. / (AWMS) , , (ricehusk)

8 , , 13 , , , < 4> CDM AM0041 Grid-connectedelectricitygenerationusing biomassfromnewlydevelopeddedicatedplanta tionsAM0047 Grid-connectedelectricitygenerationusing biomassfromnewlydevelopeddedicatedplanta tionsAM0073 GHGemissionreductionsthroughmulti-sitema nurecollectionandtreatmentinacentralplan tACM0006 Consolidatedmethodologyforgrid-connected electricitygenerationfrom biomassresiduesACM0010 ConsolidatedmethodologyforGHGemissionred uctionsfrommanuremanagementsystems - , , / Avoidance ofmethane production from decay ofbiomassthrough controlled combustion, gasification Methanerecoveryinagriculturalactivitiesa thousehold/smallfarm level.

9 UNFCCC( )CDM EB14 < 5> CDM ( tCO2e) swinemanuretreatmentforPocillasLaEstrell a( ) 247, poultrymanuretreatment( ) 62, ( ) -44, Mitigation Project,MX05-B-01,Mexico( ) 147, ItaquiBiomassElectricityGenerationProjec t( ) 57, ( ) 51, and PowerPlantinMalaysia( ) 208, ( ) -172, and electricitygenerationfrom Palm oilMillEffluentponds,Houduras( / ) -27, ( ) -70, ( ) 70, ( ) 102, ( ) 113, ( ) 106, BagasseBasedCogenerationProject( ) 129, Rudong Biomass Power GenerationProject( , ) 143, (AMMS)GHGM itigationProject( ) 66,393 :UNFCCC( )CDM EBoCDM . 15 CDM ,CDM ( ).

10 CDM ( ) ( ) .(1)PDD : (2) :DNA(DesignatedNationalAuthority)(3) (validation):DOE(DesignatedOperationalEn tity)(4) (registration):CDM EB(ExecutiveBoard)(5) (monitoring): (6) (validation):DOE(7) (certification):CDM EB(UN )(8)CER : CDM CER 1 , 5 . UN CER(CertifiedEmissionReduction) , . ( ).5. ?o .. , .16 ..o ..o CDM CDM . CDM . CDM . CDM . CDM .o CDM.