Guide for Autonomous and Remote Control Functions 2021

1 Guide forAutonomous and Remote ControlFunctionsJuly 2021 Guide FORAUTONOMOUS AND Remote Control FUNCTIONSJULY 2021 American Bureau of ShippingIncorporated by Act of Legislature ofthe State of New York 1862 2021 American Bureau of Shipping. All rights Plaza1701 City Plaza DriveSpring, TX 77389 USAF orewordThe development and implementation of Autonomous and Remote Control Functions in the marine andoffshore industry has greatly increased in recent Functions are those wherein machines perform each of the four steps in the operationaldecision loop, Monitoring, Analysis, Decision and Action without the need for human intervention toperform tasks and achieve the system mission. Autonomous Functions do not follow predefined routinesand operational scenarios, but rather have the ability to execute the most appropriate actions based on theirprogramming, assigned mission and tasks, operational environment, and the system Autonomous Functions covered in this Guide focus on the functional capabilities which enable theoperations of marine vessels and offshore units and do not imply unmanned operations.

2 Besides theautonomous Functions , unmanned operations consider other activities and factors, such as systemmaintenance, incidence handling and manning requirements, which are out of this Guide s scope. Fullyautonomous and unmanned marine vessels and offshore units will be considered on a case-by-case contact ABS for further Control Functions are Functions which allow the system and operation being monitored to becontrolled remotely by a human operator who is physically located in a location other than on board amarine vessel or offshore unit where the operations take developed this Guide to provide the industry with technical and survey requirements for marinevessels and offshore units fitted with Autonomous or Remote Control Functions .

3 Marine vessels and offshoreunits installed with Autonomous or Remote Control Functions are to comply with the requirements given inthis Guide . They will be eligible for the class notations Autonomous or Guide becomes effective on the first day of the month of are advised to check periodically on the ABS website to verify that this version ofthe Guide is the most welcome your feedback. Comments or suggestions can be sent electronically to Guide FOR Autonomous AND Remote Control Functions vs Autonomous Control Supervision Control of with Flag State and Port and Computer Simulation Optional 1914 Abbreviations and .. 2116 Type Approval 1 Autonomy 2 Operations Supervision 12 Guide FORAUTONOMOUS AND Remote Control FUNCTIONSABS Guide FOR Autonomous AND Remote Control Functions 2021iiiTABLE 3 Prerequisite 1 Operational Decision 2 Automation vs Autonomous of Phase.

4 And Design Phase .. & Validation Phase .. & Maintenance of Function with of of Flag State, coastal State and/or portState Guidelines for MASS Trials (IMO ).. in Remote Location and Remote 318 Key 1 Foundational 2 Typical Stakeholder Roles for Autonomous and RemoteControl Function 1 Smart to Autonomous Goal Based 3V Model Implementation Process for Autonomous andRemote Control 28 SECTION3 Concept of Guide FOR Autonomous AND Remote Control Functions 2021iv2 Concept of Operations of Operations Version 1 Considerations for the Development of a Concept ofOperations Categorization and of Risk Category Level .. Supervision of Failure .. Assessment Plan .. Assessment Techniques.

5 40 TABLE 1 Operations Supervision 38 TABLE 2 Consequences of 3 Risk 39 SECTION5 Autonomous .. of Operations Document (CONOPS).. Category and Delivery of Operator Communications .. Security .. Communication ..483 Foundational Requirements .. and Alarm System(s) .. Analytics ..50 ABS Guide FOR Autonomous AND Remote Control Functions 2021vTABLE 1 Autonomy 1 Criteria for Autonomous Control of Operations Document (CONOPS).. Category Control Communications .. Security ..573 Foundational Requirements .. and Alarm System(s) .. , Installation and Commissioning Systems Tests Before Installation .. Integration and Onboard Test for Operator Station / Remote Control 624 Modeling and Computer Simulation to be and Computer Simulation Test Based System Testing Simulation Testing.

6 64 FIGURE 1V Model Implementation Process for Autonomous andRemote Control 60 ABS Guide FOR Autonomous AND Remote Control Functions 2021viSECTION8 Surveys After Program .. and Operator Station / Remote Control 66 APPENDIX1 High Level Goals ( Autonomous Vessel).. Steering & of Vessel and Against Flooding / Maintain of Environmental Communication with Shore Control 70 APPENDIX2 List of Major Hazards Hazards Port Operations Topside ProductionFacilities and and Maintenance and Marine Guide FOR Autonomous AND Remote Control Functions 2021viiSECTION purpose of this Guide is toi)Establish a goal-based framework for the implementation of Autonomous and Remote controlfunctions on board marine vessels and offshore units.

7 This framework also considers theinteractions between the operations of Autonomous and Remote Control Functions with relevantstakeholders such as Port authorities, other vessels, etc;ii)Establish a risk-based approach coupled with a prescriptive set of requirements for the assessmentof Autonomous and Remote Control Functions ;iii)Provide requirements on the risk-based approval process for the implementation of autonomousand Remote Control ScopeThis Guide is applicable to all marine vessels and offshore units, herein referred to as Guide is intended for use by marine vessel and offshore unit owners, operators, designers, shipyards,equipment and system manufacturers, integrators and Autonomous Functions covered in this Guide focus on the functional capabilities which enable theoperations of marine vessels and offshore units and do not imply unmanned operations.

8 Besides theautonomous Functions , unmanned operations consider other activities and factors, such as systemmaintenance, incidence handling and manning requirements, which are out of this Guide s scope. Fullyautonomous and unmanned marine vessels and offshore units will be considered on a case-by-case contact ABS for further keep this Guide concise, references in this Guide are made to requirements in the ABS Rules forBuilding and Classing Marine Vessels and ABS Rules for Building and Classing Mobile Offshore the requirements are not stated for other vessel types, similar requirements will be applied. ContactABS for clarification on applying these requirements to vessels not covered by the above-mentioned Guide is not applicable for underwater vehicle systems and hyperbaric vs Autonomous FunctionsAutomation is the automatic Control and operation of a process, system, or equipment by mechanical orelectronic devices that take the place of human labor.

9 These are normally routine or repetitious tasks underpredefined scenarios and conditions. It is important to also define automatic Control as the means toABS Guide FOR Autonomous AND Remote Control Functions 20218control via predetermined orders without intervention by the operator. These systems are common in themarine and offshore industry. Examples include automatic synchronization Functions on electricalswitchboards, automatic starting / stopping function of standby pumps, dynamic positioning systems, andautopilot differs from automation in that it requires self-governance and freedom from external Control orinfluence. Autonomous Functions are Functions where machines perform each of the four steps in theoperational decision loop Monitoring, Analysis, Decision and Action without the need for humanintervention to achieve the system mission and perform 1 Operational Decision LoopAutomatic operation and Control may be integrated into Autonomous Functions for routine and predefinedtasks.

10 However, Autonomous Functions have the ability, based on their programming, to execute necessaryactions under conditions outside the predefined scenarios based on the mission and tasks, operationalenvironment, and the system Guide FOR Autonomous AND Remote Control Functions 20219 FIGURE 2 Automation vs Autonomous Functions3 Smart-to-Autonomy LevelsIn this Guide Autonomous is defined on the scale of Smart-to-Autonomy levels based on the human-system level of interaction in the processes of data handling, decision-making and Smart-to-Autonomy levels are defined asi)Smart: System augmentation of human Functions . The system provides passive decision support,such as in the form of health or performance anomaly detection, diagnostics, prognostics,decision/action alternatives, and/or )Semi-Autonomy: Human augmentation of system Functions .