HANDBOOK OF RELIGIOUS BELIEFS AND PRACTICES

1 STATE OF WASHINGTON DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS HANDBOOK OF RELIGIOUS BELIEFS AND PRACTICES 1987 FIRST REVISION 1995 SECOND REVISION 2004 THIRD REVISION 2011 FOURTH REVISION 2012 FIFTH REVISION 2013 HANDBOOK OF RELIGIOUS BELIEFS AND PRACTICES REVISION DATE: 12/06/13 This document is frequently updated with new information. For updates to this document please email requested changes to Page 2 of 116 INTRODUCTION The Department of Corrections acknowledges the inherent and constitutionally protected rights of incarcerated offenders to believe, express and exercise the religion of their choice. It is our intention that RELIGIOUS programs will promote positive values and moral PRACTICES to foster healthy relationships, especially within the families of those under our jurisdiction and within the communities to which they are returning.

2 As a Department, we commit to providing RELIGIOUS as well as cultural opportunities for offenders within available resources, while maintaining facility security, safety, health and orderly operations. The Department will not endorse any RELIGIOUS faith or cultural group, but we will ensure that RELIGIOUS programming is consistent with the provisions of federal and state statutes, and will work hard with the RELIGIOUS , Cultural and Faith Communities to ensure that the needs of the incarcerated community are fairly met. This desk manual has been prepared for use by chaplains, administrators and other staff of the Washington State Department of Corrections. It is not meant to be an exhaustive study of all religions. It does provide a brief background of most religions having participants housed in Washington prisons.

3 This manual is intended to provide general guidelines, and define practice and procedure for Washington State Department of Corrections institutions. It is intended to be used in conjunction with Department policy. While it does not confer theological expertise, it will, provide correctional workers with the information necessary to respond too many of the RELIGIOUS concerns commonly encountered. This document has been revised as of December 6, 2013. HANDBOOK OF RELIGIOUS BELIEFS AND PRACTICES REVISION DATE: 12/06/13 This document is frequently updated with new information. For updates to this document please email requested changes to Page 3 of 116 RELIGIOUS Services Chaplain Staff Each prison in the state has chaplains and RELIGIOUS volunteers who work with inmates to ensure that every offender has the opportunity to practice the RELIGIOUS BELIEFS of his/her choice.

4 These dedicated members of the RELIGIOUS services chapel teams work diligently to implement the intent of the RELIGIOUS Freedom Policy ( ) that governs all RELIGIOUS activities in Washington prisons. RELIGIOUS Literature All religions have printed material that is used to instruct an individual in the teachings and PRACTICES of the specific faith. This literature can be in the form of study booklets, reference books, magazines, or other printed format. If this literature does not contain material that is a demonstrated and documented threat to safety, security, or the orderly running of the facility it should be allowed as personal property of the offender or be obtainable in the facility or chapel library. HANDBOOK OF RELIGIOUS BELIEFS AND PRACTICES REVISION DATE: 12/06/13 This document is frequently updated with new information.

5 For updates to this document please email requested changes to Page 4 of 116 TABLE OF CONTENTS HANDBOOK OF RELIGIOUS BELIEFS AND PRACTICES .. 1 INTRODUCTION .. 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS .. 4 Anglican/Episcopal .. 5 Asatru .. 8 Astara .. 10 Baha i .. 11 Buddhism .. 14 church of 20 Druidry .. 27 Eastern or Greek Orthodox .. 30 Hindu .. 36 Islam .. 40 Jehovah's Witness .. 49 Judaism .. 51 Messianic .. 62 Moorish Science Temple of America .. 70 Native American .. 73 Odinist .. 79 Protestant Interdenominational, Non-Denominational .. 81 Rastafarian .. 87 Roman Catholic .. 88 Seventh-Day Adventist .. 93 Sikh .. 96 The church of Christ, Scientist (Christian Science) .. 99 The church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Latter-day Saints, or LDS, or Mormon) .. 101 The International Society for Krishna Consciousness.

6 106 Unity .. 108 Wicca .. 109 World Wide church of God .. 116 HANDBOOK OF RELIGIOUS BELIEFS AND PRACTICES REVISION DATE: 12/06/13 This document is frequently updated with new information. For updates to this document please email requested changes to Page 5 of 116 Anglican/Episcopal History/Background The Anglican (British) church was planted before 200 Christians from nearby Gaul (France) were thought to have brought Christianity over. By the year 314 there were British Bishops in attendance at the Council of Arles. In 325 they gave formal assent to the decisions of the Council of Nicea. Over 200 years later Pope Gregory of Rome sent missionaries led by Augustine. Conversions of the Saxons followed, beginning with the queen. Later, Augustine was installed as the first Archbishop of Canterbury.

7 About the year 405 Patrick, consecrated bishop in France, began his great work in Ireland. The Celtic church (Irish) was strongly monastic. Missionary work began from such places as Iona and Lindisfarne. Aidan went from the island of Iona around 700 to England. He was successful in his mission work among pagans who had invaded the country. Theodore Archbishop of Canterbury was responsible for uniting the British, Latin and Celtic missions in England into the church of England. During the Middle Ages King Henry VIII led the Anglican church in freeing itself from Rome. The Pope s authority was formally renounced in 1534 by convocation of English clergy: The Bishop of Rome hath not by Scripture any greater authority in England than any other foreign Bishop. Reforms soon followed. Work began on an English Prayer Book in 1544.

8 A complete Book of Common Prayer was published in 1549. The genius behind this first Prayer Book was Thomas Cramner, Archbishop of Canterbury. A second Prayer Book, with minor modifications became available in 1552. Today, the Anglican Communion, of which the church of England is a part, considers itself to be reformed Catholic. It is to be found in many countries of the world under national churches that recognize the spiritual primacy of the Archbishop of Canterbury. There are over 79 million Christians who call themselves Anglican. In the United States the church is known as the Protestant Episcopal church . The Episcopal church traces its beginnings to Jamestown, Virginia. In 1607 the first permanent English Colony celebrated the Mass or Holy Communion. After America became independent from England the church elected its own bishop.

9 More than two thirds of the signers of the Declaration of Independence were members of the Episcopal church . The Episcopal church in the United State of America is led by a primate (bishop). It has recently concluded an agreement of inter-Communion with the evangelical lutheran church of America. Ministry and programs are shared by the two churches. Members may attend each other s church and partake of the Eucharist. Other Anglicans who consider themselves as traditionalist have separated from the Episcopal church . They continue to use the historic Book of Common Prayer. They consider themselves as continuers of the Ecclesia Anglicana. Theology/Major Teachings/ belief The BELIEFS and teachings of the Episcopal church are set forth in the historic Creeds: The HANDBOOK OF RELIGIOUS BELIEFS AND PRACTICES REVISION DATE: 12/06/13 This document is frequently updated with new information.

10 For updates to this document please email requested changes to Page 6 of 116 Apostles Creed and the Nicene Creed, and in the proceedings from the Seven Ecumenical Councils. Other documents which support its BELIEFS are the Creed of St. Athanasius and the Articles of Religion. The Book of Common Prayer as a whole describes the BELIEFS of Episcopalians. Worship/Rites/Ceremonies The daily services are Morning (Matins) and Evening (Evensong) Prayer. The Eucharist, Mass or Holy Communion, is the primary Service, instituted by Christ for continual remembrance of his life, death, and resurrection, until his coming again. Bread and wine spiritually taken according to Christ s command are the Body and Blood of Christ. Holy Baptism is the means by which persons are received into the church and become inheritors of the Kingdom of God.