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HazardCommunicationGuidancefor CombustibleDusts

OS HA 33 71-082009Ha zar d Communication Gu id anceforCo mb ust ible Dust . Dep artment of Lab orOccu pati onal Saf et y an d Heal th AdministrationOSHA 3371-082009 Hazar d Co mmuni cat ion Gui dance forCom bus tibl e Dus tsOccupationalSafetyandHealthActof1970 To as sure saf e and hea lthfu l wo rk in gco nditionsfor work ing me n and women;by authorizingen forc em en t of thest an dar ds de ve lopedun der the Ac t; byas si stin g and encou ragi ng the St ate s intheir effortsto assu re saf e and he al thfulwor king conditions ; by prov idi ng forre se arch , info rm atio n, ed uca tion , andtra ining in the fie ld of oc cupa tio nal safe tyand health . This publ icati on prov ide s a ge nera loverview of a part icularst an s publ icat ion doesno t alter ordet ermi ne co mpl ianceresponsibilitieswhichare set forthin OSHA standards,and theOc cu pati onal Saf et yan dHealthAct.

U.S.DepartmentofLabor OccupationalSafetyandHealthAdministration OSHA3371-08 2009 HazardCommunicationGuidancefor CombustibleDusts Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970

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Transcription of HazardCommunicationGuidancefor CombustibleDusts

1 OS HA 33 71-082009Ha zar d Communication Gu id anceforCo mb ust ible Dust . Dep artment of Lab orOccu pati onal Saf et y an d Heal th AdministrationOSHA 3371-082009 Hazar d Co mmuni cat ion Gui dance forCom bus tibl e Dus tsOccupationalSafetyandHealthActof1970 To as sure saf e and hea lthfu l wo rk in gco nditionsfor work ing me n and women;by authorizingen forc em en t of thest an dar ds de ve lopedun der the Ac t; byas si stin g and encou ragi ng the St ate s intheir effortsto assu re saf e and he al thfulwor king conditions ; by prov idi ng forre se arch , info rm atio n, ed uca tion , andtra ining in the fie ld of oc cupa tio nal safe tyand health . This publ icati on prov ide s a ge nera loverview of a part icularst an s publ icat ion doesno t alter ordet ermi ne co mpl ianceresponsibilitieswhichare set forthin OSHA standards,and theOc cu pati onal Saf et yan dHealthAct.

2 Mor eover,becauseint er pretat ionsand enfo rc ementpolicymay changeovertime,for add it io nal guidanceon OSHA compliancerequirem ent s, the re adershouldconsultcur re nt adm inistr ativeinterpretationsand decisionsby theOccu pa tio nal Safet y and Healt h ReviewCommissio n and the court nt ainedin thi s publi cationis inthe public dom ain and may be reproduced,fully or pa rtia lly, wit houtper dit is requested but in formation will be made av aila bleto sensoryim pai red individualsuponrequ est. Vo ice phone: (202) 693-1999;tele -typewriter(T TY) number:1- troductio nCombu sti ble dusts are fin e partic les that pr esentan exp lo sio n hazardwhen suspen ded in ai r undercert ain con dit ions. A dust expl osi on can causecatas tr op hic loss of li fe, inju ries , and destructionof buil dings. The . Chemi cal Safet y an d HazardInvest ig atio n Bo ard (C SB) iden tif ied 281 com -bu stib le dust inc iden ts between1980and 2005that led to the death s of 119 wor ker s, injured718,an d extensivel y damaged numero us industrialfa ci li ties.

3 Mo re recen tl y, ad diti onal incidentsha veoc curred . On Feb ru ary 7, 2008,a sugar dustexp los ion an d subseq uent fire at a sugarrefi neryin Po rt Wen tw orth, Geo rg ia, cau sed 14 deat hs andleft man y oth er wo rk ers serio usly injured withsevereburn manyof thes e inc iden ts, wo rk ers and man -ag ers wer e un awar e of th e po ten tial for dustexp los ion s, or failedto rec ognize the seriousnatu re of dust exp lo sio n hazards. The CSBre viewedMaterial SafetyData Sheets (MSDS) of140 known substan ces th at pro duce combustibledu sts an d fou nd poo r or inadeq uate tr an smit tal ofinfo rmation reg ard in g poten tial du st hazards;41%of the MS DSs revi ewedby th e CSB did no t warnus ers ab out poten ti al exp lo sio n there main in g 59% of MSD Ss sampl ed, mostof theinfo rmation was eit her not stat ed in a pl ace orman ner clear ly rec ogni zed by wor ker s, or was notsp ec ifi c to hazar ds rel at ed to comb ustible dusts(C SB , 2006).

4 1Th e HazardCommunic ati on Stan dard com pre-hen sivel y add res ses th e evaluati on of the poten-ti al hazards of chemi cals an d th e communicationof hazardinf ormat io n to wo rk ers (29 CFR (a)(2)).It is a per fo rman ce- orientedstandardthat app lies to an y chemi cal kno wn to be presentin th e wo rk plac e in such a man ner that workersmay be exp osed under normal cond itionsof useor in a fo res eeable emergen cy (29 CFR (b) (2) ). Reg ard ing dus ts an d other particulat es, a32 ContentsIn tr sHazar d en tifyingan d ControllingthePot entialfo r epar odu ct Lab ing and Info ditio na l Inf sis tan io nal Of ve st ig at io n Re port No . 200 6- H-1 Com busti ble Du st Hazard Stud guidance document is not a standardorregulation, and it creat es no new is advi so ry in nat ur e, inf ormationalincont ent , and is inten ded to assistemployers,manufactu rer s and importers to complywithOSHA sHazardCommunicationStandard.

5 Sec ond, fo r everychemic al fo und to be haz -ard ous, th ech emi cal man ufac tu rer or imp ortermu st develop MS DS s an d cont ain er labelstobe tran smitt ed to down streamusers of thechemic als .Emp loy ersare req uir ed to maintainan MSDSin th e wo rk plac e for eac h hazardouschemic al th at they use (P arag rap hs (f), (g)); Third ,al l emp lo yersmu st develop a wri ttenhazardcommunic at ion pro gram and providein fo rmat io n an d trai ning to wo rk ers aboutthehazardous chemic als in thei r wo rk place(P arag rap hs (e), (h)).Th e in fo rmat io n comp onent s of this program lab els , MS DSs , an d emp lo yee trai ning are alles sen tial to the effec ti ve fu nc ti oni ng of a hazardco mmunicatio n pro ent ifyin g an d Con tro ll in g th ePo tential fo r Du st Explos ionsTh e hazarddeterminati on mu st incl ude an as sess -men t of al l phys ical an d heal th emic al manufac tu rer or imp orter mustcons iderthe poten ti al exp osu res th atmayoccur undernor -mal con dit io ns of use or in fo res eeable emergen-ci es, an d ad dres s known hazards on the MS DSan d, wher e app ro pri ate, on th e lab el preparedforthe pro duct.

6 Reg ar ding comb ust ib le dusts,an tici -patedtyp es of operati ons, uses or downstreammat erial pr oc es sin g th at gen eratedust s shouldbeco nsid erednormal conditi ons of useof a sub -stan ce. Thes e in clude oper atio ns and uses such asab ras ive bl as tin g, cutti ng, gr in din g, polishingorcru shin g of material s; conveying, mixi ng, siftingor screen in g dry materials ; an d th e bui ldup ofdri ed res id ue fro m pro ces sin g wet mat eri als. TheCSB fo un d th at man y of th e MSD Ss did not iden -ti fy th e poten tial fo r combu sti bl e dust expl osionsthat co uld reas onab ly have been anti cipateddur -ing down streammat er ial pro ces sing (CS B, 2006).haza rd eval uati on mu st be con ductedtakingintoconsiderati on all discerniblehazards,includingthat of expl os ib il ity. It is inc umbentuponmanu-fa cture rs an d imp or ters to pr ovideinf ormationonthe pote ntial for an d controlof CombustibleDusts .

7 (SeeCPL 02-02- 038 InspectionPr oceduresfor theHaza rd Com municationStandard(updatedin19 98) ;CPL 03-00-0 08 Combust ible Dust NationalEmpha sis Prog ramand letter s of interpretation(M at tingly, 1986;Eng lish ,1987)).This docu mentis inte nde d to help manufactur-ers and imp orters of ch emic als recognizethepot entialfor dus t explosions and to identifyappr o-priat e protec tive measuresas par t of their hazarddet ermination under the Haza rd Co mmunicationSt and ard (HC S). This eval uationof hazards ensurestha t downstreamem ploy ers and workersar e pro -videdMSDS swit h complete and accur ate informa-tion regarding dust explosio n haz ards, app ropr iateinfo rmation is in cludedon labe ls, and that workersare prop erly train ed rega rd ing wor kplacecom -bus tible dus t communicationof hazardin fo rmationis ess en tia l to ensu ring th atbot h employers and wo rk ers are awareof dust-re latedhazards and measures that can be takentoprevent dus t exp A s Hazard Com mun ica tio nSta nd ardThe purpose of the HCS is to ensurethat the haz -ards of al l chemi cals producedor imported areev aluat ed and th at in for mationconcerningtheirhaza rds is tr ans mitt ed to employersand HCS has th ree maincomponents.

8 Fir st,chemical manufacturers and importersmustreviewavailable scientific evi denceco n-cer ning th e physic al and heal th hazardsof thechemicalsthey produceor importto determineifthey are hazard ou s (Paragraph(d)) . Thi s is calleda hazarddet erminationor hazardevaluation;54Fi re an dExp los ion s(w ww. osha. gov/dts/shi b/sh ib ml), du st par ticles wit h an eff ecti vedi ameterof les s th an 420 mic ro ns (thosepassingthr ou gh a U. S. No. 40 stan dard sieve) sho ul d bedeemedto meetth e cri terio n of th e ever,larg er part ic les can st ill posea deflagra-ti on hazard (for in stan ce, as larg er part icl es aremo ved , they can ab rad e eac h oth er, creat ingsmal ler parti cles ). In add itio n, parti cl es can sti cktog eth er (ag glomer ate) due to elec trostaticch arg es ac cu mu lat ed thr ou gh handl ing, caus ingthemto bec ome exp losib le wh en dusts in clu de, but are not li mitedto:met al dust , such as al umi nu m an d magnesium;woo d dust; plas ti c or rub ber dust; biosolids; coaldu st; org an ic dust, such as fl our, sugar,paper,so ap , an d dried blo od; an d du sts fromcertaintex -ti les.

9 OSH A sComb ustib leDu stpost er providesexamples of pro ducts or material s fromwhichco mb ustib le dust exp lo sio ns could occurif theyar e pr oc es sed in pow der ed form. This postercanbe ac ces sed at www . ov/P ubli cat ions/co mb ustib led ustp os ter . ve el ements ar e nec es sar y to in iti ate a du stexp los ion , of ten referredto as th e DustExp lo sio n Pen tag on .2Th e fi rs t th ree elements are tho se needed for afi re, , th e fami li ar fi re trian gle :1. Co mb usti ble dust (fu el );2. Ig nit io n sourc e (h eat); an d,3. Oxyg en in ai r (o xid izer ).An ad diti onal two elements mu st be presentfor a co mb usti ble dust exp lo sio n:4. Dis pers io n of dust par tic les in suffi cientquanti-ty an d con cen trati on; an d,5. Co nfin ement of the dust clo one of th e abo ve fi ve elements is mi ssi ng, anexp los ion can not oc amplesof dus t explosions un dernor mal con dit ion s of us eEx ample1: Pl ast ic pellets shippedfromapoly ethyl ene plan t rarelyposea com -bus tible dust hazarduntil they areprocesseddown str eam wherethey producedus t part ic les.

10 In 1991in Lit tlet on, NewHa mpshire an employeewas injureddue toa dust exp lo si on whilehe was feeding400poundsof gran ul ar polyalphamethyl styrene(CAS25014-31-7) thr ougha micropulverizer(e quippedwi th a .032- inch screen)into adus t col lecto r. The dust co llectorhad noprovisionfor expl osionreliefor , a piece of metalgot past thema gnet in the mi cropulverizer, ignit ed thedus t in the sys tem, and causeda fire andexplosionth at blew openthe accessdoor tothe dust co ll ecto ample2: An aq ueoussolutionof a com -bus tible dust materialcan dry to producecombustib le dust. In 2003in Kinston,NorthCa rolina6 peo pl e werekilledand mor e than30 ot hers wereinj ur ed due to an explosioncausedby the bui ldup of dust abovesus -pe ndedcei lin gs gener ated fromthe dr yingprocessof aq ueouspolyethenesolutionduringthe pro ductionof rubberst :CSB,Dust IncidentData FilesCombustib le du st is def ined as a solidmaterialcomposedof di stinc t par ticlesor pieces,regard-les s of size, sh ape, or chemicalcomposition,whichpr esen ts a fir e or deflagrationhazardwhensus pe ndedin air or so me ot her oxidizingmediumove r a rang e of co nc entr ofte n eit her organ ic or metalduststhat arefinelygrou nd in to very smallpart icles,fibers,fines,chips , chu nks , flakes,or a smallmixture ofthes e.


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