フラクタル日除けによる放射 ... - heat-island.jp

1 (2011). Journal of Heat Island Institute International (2011).. Thermal radiant environment measurements with fractal blind *1 *1 *2 *3. Miki NAKAMURA Satoshi SAKAI Masanori ONISHI Kimie FURUYA. *1 Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University *2 The National Museum of Emerging Science and Innovation(Miraikan). *3 Faculty of Science, Kyoto University Corresponding author: Miki NAKAMURA , ABSTRACT. It is scorching hot in urban area under the strong sunshine of the summer. It is because that the surface temperature of the urban area is higher than the rural and the thermal radiant environment is poor. This poor environment in urban area can be greatly improved by fractal sunshades. The sunshade consists of many units of Sierpinski's tetrahedron which has the almost same fractal dimension as trees.

2 This paper shows results of comparative measurements of radiant environment in visual, near-infrared and thermal infrared bands under the fractal sunshade and a parasol. The results showed that the MRT under the sunshade was lower by 17 degree than that under the parasol. Furthermore, some sensory tests and long term measurements showed some results favorable to the sunshade. : . Key Words : Sunshades with fractal shapes, Radiant environment .. (1). 2010 MRT .. 100% .. (2) 2008 7 19 9 1 . 3 He and . (3). Hoyano (4) ( 1) .. -8- . 2 CCD . 100% ( 2a) ( 1 m) . ( 2b) . 11 13 .. 12 . 4 . 340 . 50% .. 2. W/m2 .. 100m2 .. NEC Avio . TVS-200EX . 8 m 14 m . SONY DCR-PC300K .. 800nm ND . 1 8 1 12 45 . -9- (a).. (5) .. 2008 8 10 12 30 . 34 .. 3.. (b).. 29[W/m2] . 21[W/m2] 19[W/m2] . 24[W/m2] 109[W/m2].

3 73[W/m2] Ta . Ta4 .. MRT 44 . 61 .. 2 . ( ). ( ). ( ). ( ). ( ). 3 .. - 10 - (a).. 60 . 106W/m2 (b).. 40 .. 70 .. 4 .. (a) (b).. 1 .. 8 .. 3 . 2008 7 28 8 25 5 . - 11 - (6) . (7).. 1 4a . 30 .. 10 50 .. 4b .. 2008 12 2009 7 .. 1 .. 1 . 8 .. 1 .. (a) (a). (b). (b). 6 7 (a) . (a: b: ) b . - 12 - .. 1 .. 8 6 1 10mm . 5 .. 2-3 . 30 .. 8 .. 6 1.. 9 -15 21. -3 1 .. 6a .. 9 . 6b . 6,7 12 00-14 00 . 8 12 30-14 00 .. 8 .. 7 .. 10 2008 8 6 8 . 6,7 8 .. 2. 1m . 7a . 7b . 2009 1 14 . 8 . - 13 - .. 1 .. 11 (6-7 ).. 25 11 .. (a).. 7 .. 1 4. 2 ( 8) . 2008 8 6 ~8 . 8 3 6~7 12:00~14:00 8 12:30~14:00 (b).. 1 .. 9 3 6~7 .. 8 . 10 10 6 7 12 100% ( ) (a) . 8 (13 ) (b) .. 3 . - 14- .. 2 .. 11 . 6 7 .. 25 11 .. 100% TLO .. (1) .. 12 100% (2010) (2) . 100% 3 . 12a 12b 1 . 2 12a (1998) (3) Jiang He and Akira Hoyano, Measurement and simulation 12b of the thermal environment in the built space under a membrane structure Building and Environment.

4 (2009) (4) .. (1997) (5) (1984) . (6) .. (2009), . (7) , , , and , A.. Practical Pyrgeometer Using the Representative Angle. J. 2008 . Atmos. Ocean. Tech., (2009), . (Received November 4, 2010, Accepted March 24, 2011). - 15.