Hide and seek – How animals Adeptly adapt

1 [ hide AND seek HOW animals Adeptly adapt ]. Biology Partnership Lesson Plan: hide and seek How animals Adeptly adapt . Participants: Debbie Drake, Bethlehem School, Bonifay, FL. Carrie Fioramonti, NOAA Fisheries, Panama City, FL. Barbara Rutledge, Gateway Military Academy, Bonifay, FL. Biology (General). Class Time Allotted- two, 50-minutes class periods Motivation: (10 min). Students will watch a bell-ringer video from Science Friday: Where's the Octopus : Question (problem) is asked .. What is an adaptation? Can you think of an animal species that uses a unique adaptation to assist in its survival? Explain. (Several students share their examples.). How do adaptations pass down from one generation to the next? (They are inherited from the parents alleles.). If alleles are all the different traits, such as height, color, texture, etc, why are some preferred? (Some traits help the species to survive by natural selection.)

2 Some traits attract a mate.). Students share some examples as teacher prompts with a species name. Humans- preferred traits in dating, selecting mates? Sports? Livestock in Florida- preferred traits for heat tolerance? Bermuda grass- heat and drought tolerance? Disease resistance? Students take the Pre- Test. Following Pre-test students will move to the lab tables in groups of three. (10 min). [ hide AND seek HOW animals Adeptly adapt ]. Biology Partnership PRE-TEST/ POST-TEST Name_____. Biology : Population Genetics 1. Charles Darwin spent much of his time as a naturalist studying the unique species A) on the New Hebrides Islands B) in the Baltic Sea. C) in the Arctic Circle. D) on the Galapagos Islands. 2. Unlike natural selection, artificial selection involves _____. A) the breeding of organisms for desired traits in the offspring. B) an attempt to breed two different species of animals .

3 C) allowing organisms to breed and produce offspring at random. D) controlled breeding to keep a species from over-populating. 3. A population that is _____ is not evolving. A) experiencing genetic drift B) isolated geographically C) experiencing genetic equilibrium D) part of the gene pool 4. An equal amount of drought-resistant wild petunias and regular petunias grow in a field. Following a year of severe drought, the seeds produced are at a ratio of 69% drought resistant petunias and 31% regular petunias. The following year will likely produce many more drought resistant petunias than regular petunias. This is referred to as _____. A) artificial selection. B) genetic equilibrium. C) natural selection. D) mimicry. 5. A disruption in genetic equilibrium can occur by _____when the frequency of certain alleles is changed due to chance events. A) Gradualism B) Camouflage C) Adaptive radiation D) Genetic drift 6.

4 To an evolutionist, which of these statements is true? A) Using anatomy studies to find evolution is a direct process. B) Fossils do not play a major role in understanding the evolutionary process. [ hide AND seek HOW animals Adeptly adapt ]. Biology Partnership C) Major fossil finds are only located in Africa and Antarctica D) Although incomplete, fossil records provide evidence that evolution has occurred. 7. Which adaptation best defines mimicry ? A) An adaptation that allows one species to look similar to another species B) An adaptation that enables bacteria to resist penicillin C) An adaptation that allows a species to blend into its surroundings D) An adaptation that allows frogs to breathe through their skin 8. A desert plant in Mexico has the ability to suddenly sprout green leaves after a rain. A similar looking plant in an African desert does the same. An evolutionist refers to this as _____.

5 A) Adaptive radiation B) Convergent evolution C) Reproductive isolation D) Divergent evolution 9. Evolution infers which of the following regarding the group of structures below? A) They are analogous. B) They are vestigial structures. C) They are unrelated in any way. D) They are homologous. 10. Multiple colors of rabbits exist on an island. When the hawk population increases, what is likely to change when lighter colored rabbits diminish due to their lack of camouflage adaptation? A) The frequency of the allele for white in the total population will probably decrease. B) The frequency of all alleles in the population will remain the same. C) The frequency of the brown allele will decrease to stabilize the frequency of white alleles. D) The allele for white will be eliminated from the entire population of rabbits. 11. Birds and bats both have wings. Although the wings serve the same function, they are not evidenced as coming from a common ancestor.

6 These structures are considered _____. [ hide AND seek HOW animals Adeptly adapt ]. Biology Partnership A) analogous structures. B) vestigial structures. C) unrelated in any way. D) Homologous structures. 12. A whale has pelvic bones (hip) that do not appear to have any significant function. An evolutionist infers that such a structure is evidence that the whale may have evolved from a related land animal that walked. These left over structures are referred to as _____. A) analogous structures. B) vestigial structures. C) unrelated in any way. D) Homologous structures. 13. Which of the following is an example of a physiological adaptation? A) Antibiotic resistance B) Camouflage C) Genetic flow D) Embryology 14. A researcher studies the embryonic photos of several species and notices some striking similarities or shared features among them. What might the researcher deduce from seeing these similarities that would appear to support evolution?

7 _____. _____. 15. Name two different organisms and identify their unique structural adaptations. _____- _____. _____- _____. [ hide AND seek HOW animals Adeptly adapt ]. Biology Partnership Materials Needed Part 1: Evidence of Evolution Each student will receive the following and work in pairs: o Evidence of Evolution Worksheet o Vocabulary Worksheet Following completion of the worksheet and a portion of the vocabulary worksheet students will move to lab tables in groups of four per table. Each work group will be supplied the following: Bunny Beans Activity: o 100 pinto beans, 100 navy beans per station o 1 brown paper (or opaque bag) per station o Colored pencils (one box) and Bunny Beans data worksheets (4). o Small shallow container to hold unused beans o Calculator (1). Part 2: Mechanism of Evolution Each student will receive the following and work in pairs: o Mechanisms of Evolution Worksheet o (Students should still possess the Vocabulary Worksheet ).

8 Following completion of the worksheet and a portion of the vocabulary worksheet students will move to lab tables in groups of four per table. Each work group will be supplied the following: M&Ms Genetic Drift Activity: o Mechanisms of Evolution Worksheet (4). o Vocabulary Worksheet (same worksheets as in Part 1) (4). o 1 individual snack size bag of M&Ms per group o Paper towel (1 sheet). o M&Ms Data worksheet (4). o Calculator (1).. [ hide AND seek HOW animals Adeptly adapt ]. Biology Partnership WATER SOURCE. Science Lab Setup: Work table Lab Table Lab Table Supply Table Lab Table Lab Table STUDENT DESKS. Outcomes [ hide AND seek HOW animals Adeptly adapt ]. Biology Partnership Dimensions of K-12 Science Education Standards: Scientific and Engineering Practices: 1. Asking questions and defining problems 3. Planning and carrying out investigations 4. Analyzing and interpreting data 5.

9 Using mathematics and computational thinking 7. Engaging in argument from evidence 8. Obtaining, evaluating and communicating information Crosscutting Patterns: 1. Patterns 7. Stability and change Disciplinary Core Ideas: Life Science LLS3- Heredity: Inheritance and variation of traits LLS4 Biological Evolution: Unity and diversity Next Generation Sunshine State Standards: Recognize that the strength or usefulness of a scientific claim is evaluated through scientific argumentation, which depends on critical and logical thinking, and the active consideration of alternative scientific explanations to explain the data presented. Describe how scientific inferences are drawn from scientific observations and provide examples from the content being studied. : Describe the conditions required for natural selection, including: overproduction of offspring, inherited variation, and the struggle to survive, which result in differential reproductive success.

10 : Discuss mechanisms of evolutionary change other than natural selection such as genetic drift and gene flow. Content Literacy Standards (Common Core Reading Standards for Literacy in Science and Technical Subjects 6-12). Grades 9-10: 4. Determine the meanings of symbols, key terms, and other domain-specific words and phrases as they are used in a specific scientific or technical context relevant to grades 9-10 texts and topics. 5. Analyze the structure of the relationships among concepts in a text, including relationships among key terms. [ hide AND seek HOW animals Adeptly adapt ]. Biology Partnership Review of 6-8: 9. Compare and contrast information gained from experiments, simulations, video or multimedia sources with that gained from reading a text on the same subject. Specific Learning Outcomes: 1) Working in pairs, students will interactively read and successfully complete all answers to questions on worksheets and define terms on the topics of Evidence of Evolution and the Mechanisms of Evolution.