Higher Education in Latin America - World Bank

1 Higher Educationin Latin America The International DimensionHANS DE WIT, ISABEL CRISTINA JARAMILLO,JOCELYNE GACEL- VILA, JANE KNIGHT,EDITORSDIRECTIONS IN DEVELOPMENTDIRECTIONS IN DEVELOPMENTH igher Education in Latin AmericaHigher Education in Latin AmericaThe International DimensionEditorsHans de Wit, Isabel Christina Jaramillo,Jocelyne Gacel- vila, and Jane Knight 2005 The International bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank1818 H Street NWWashington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: : rights reserved1 2 3 4 08 07 06 05 The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed herein are those of the author(s)

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4 [et al.]p. cm. (Directions in development)Includes bibliographical references and , Higher Latin America . and globalization Latin cooperation. I. Wit, Hans de, 1950- II. World bank . III. Directionsin Development (Washington, ) dc222005048535vContentsForewordPrefaceAc knowledgmentsAbbreviationsAbout the Authors1. An Internationalization Model: Responding to New Realities and ChallengesJane Knight2. Regional and International Challenges to Higher Education in Latin AmericaLauritz B. Holm-Nielsen, Kristian Thorn, Jos Joaqu n Brunner, and Jorge Bal n3.

5 Internationalization of Higher Education in ArgentinaJulio C sar Theiler 4. Internationalization of Higher Education in BrazilSonia Pereira Laus and Marilia Costa Morosini5. Internationalization of Higher Education in ChileCarlos Ram rez Sanchez6. Internationalization of Higher Education in ColombiaIsabel Cristina Jaramillo xixiiixvii xixxxiii 13971 1111491757. Internationalization of Higher Education in CubaRa l Hern ndez P rez8. Internationalization of Higher Education in MexicoJocelyne Gacel- vila 9. Internationalization of Higher Education in PeruLuis Jaime Castillo Butters, Leena Bernuy Quiroga, and Pamela Lastres Dammert10.

6 Key Actors and Programs: Increasing Connectivity in the RegionIsabel Cristina Jaramillo and Jane Knight11. The Latin American Way: Trends, Issues, and DirectionsJocelyne Gacel- vila, Isabel Cristina Jaramillo, Jane Knight, and Hans de WitTables Implications of Globalization for Internationalization of Higher Rationales Driving Institutional-Level Programs and Organizational Strategies for Policies and Programs for Internationalization at the National, Sectoral, and Institutional Components of Internationalization at Home and Approaches to Internationalization at the Institutional Approaches to Internationalization at the National and Sectoral Private Higher Education in Latin America , 1985 Rates of Return to Secondary School and University Education in Selected Latin American Countries, Universities and University Institutes in Argentina, University Enrollment in Argentina, by Type of Institution, 1990and CONEAU Accredited Graduate Courses in Argentina.

7 1999and Overseas Scholarships Granted to Argentines, 1997 Countries and Regions of Institutions with Which Argentine Public Universities Have Signed Higher Education Institutions in Brazil, by Administrative Type and Academic Organization, 2002 VICONTENTS211239281301341 7 16 23 25 28 30 32 42 59 73 75 76 102 104 Number of Students Enrolled in Face-to-Face Undergraduate Programs in Brazil, by Administrative and Academic Organization, 2002 Number of Students in Master s and Doctorate Programs in Brazil, 1987 2000 Brazilian Scholarships for Study Abroad, by Mode of Study, Brazilian Scholarships Abroad, by Country, CAPES Sponsored Student Exchanges, Joint Research Activities, and Joint Research Projects, by Brazilian and Foreign Cooperation Agreements between Traditional Chilean Universities and Foreign Universities, by Colombian Students Studying Abroad with Scholarships from ICETEX, by Destination, Degree Programs Supported by COLFUTURO, 1992 Distribution of Educational Loans Granted by COLFUTURO, by Field.

8 Number and Type of Institutions of Higher Education in Cuba, 2001 Number of Agreements between Cuban and Foreign Universities and Research Centers, by Country, Number of Joint Research Projects Supported by CONACYT, 1990 Number of Foreign Students in Mexico and Mexican StudentsAbroad Supported by Government Grants, 2001 and Number of Foreign Academics in Mexican Institutions and Mexican Academics Abroad, 2001 and International Agreements Signed by Public and Private Universities in Preferred Destinations of Mexican Students Studying Abroad, 2002 (percent)

9 Measures of International Student Mobility at Public and Private Universities in Mexico Geographical Origin, Marital Status, and Age of Foreign Students in Number of Foreign Students in Mexico During 1998/99 Academic Student Motivations for Supporting Internationalization of Higher Education in Faculty Motivations for Internationalization of Higher Education in Mexico1516 132 133 134 162 185 190 190 215 229 247 248 248 253 254 255 255 255 260 Administrative Staff s Motivation for Favoring Actors and Programs for Internationalization of Higher Key Actors in the Internationalization of Higher Education in Latin Date of Establishment of Organizations and

10 Outward Student Mobility in Latin America , Gross Higher Education Enrollment in Latin America and the OECD, 1965 Total Investment in Higher Education Relative to Income inSelected Countries, Investments in Higher Education in Selected Latin American and Caribbean Countries, 1999 (Percentage of GDP) Cost Recovery at Public Universities in Selected Countries in Latin America and the Annual Number of Students Admitted to and Graduated from Universities in Argentina and Colombia, 1982 Gross Higher Education Enrollment Rate and Expenditure on Higher Education as a Percentage of GDPin Selected Countries, Percentage of Professors with Doctoral Degrees in Selected Countries, Degree to Which University Education Is Perceived to Meet the Needs of a Competitive Distribution of University Students in Selected Countries, byIncome Quintile.