香港學前兒童學習和發展的評估 ... - HKIER | CUHK

1 2010 38 2 71 86 2011 Balfanz, Ginsburg, & Greenes, 2003; Ginsburg et al., 2006; Yang, 2000 De Vries, 2005; Tzuriel, 2000; Zack & Graves, 2001 57 authentic assessment Reeves & Okey.

2 1996 72 1992 Raven 1976 progressive matrices psychometric approach mental abilities Berk, 2006 Lahey, 2004 Gardner 1999 multiple intelligences Sternberg 2003 triarchic theory of intelligence 2003 Gardner, 1999 73 Gardner, 1999 Ashiabi, 2000; Richburg & Fletcher, 2002.

3 Salovey, Hsee, & Mayer, 1993 Fabes, Gaertner, & Popp, 2006 2006 11 y y y y y y y y y y y

4 Y y y y 2003 8 1. Child Observation Record HighScope Educational Research Foundation, 1992 74 2. Child Evaluation Measure Atkins, Kelly, & Morrison, 2001 3. Developing Skills Checklist constructivism in education CTB/McGraw-Hill, 1990 4. Social Skills Rating System Gresham & Elliott, 1990 cooperation assertion/initiating behaviors responsibility empathy self-control Interpersonal Competence Scale Cairns, Leung, Gest, & Cairns.

5 1995 2006 75 1.

6 Y y y y 3. y y y y y y y y .. 2. y y y y y y y y y y y y y y 76 physical knowledge logico-math knowledge social knowledge observation empirical abstraction Kamii, Kirkland, & Lewis, 2001.

7 Piaget, 1965 mental relationships constructive abstraction Kamii et al., 2001; Piaget, 1965 knowledge of conventions 7 1 Kamii et al., 2001; Piaget, 1962, 1965 Peirce, 1955 77 2006 1.

8 2. Fabes et al., 2006 78 Lim, 2004 Berk.

9 2006 79 2 Flavell, Miller, & Miller, 2001 information processing approach Piaget.

10 1964 schema 0 6 7 0 2 2 6 7 non-conservation centration non-compensation irreversibility idiosyncratic symbols collective signs Phillips, 1981 80 Atkinson & Shiffrin, 1968 Santrock, 2007 Kail, 2007; Santrock, 2007 1992 Raven 1976 Gardner 1999 Berk 2006 p.