Horry County Historic Historic Resource Resource …

1 NEW SOUTH ASSOCIATESPROVIDING PERSPECTIVES ON THE PASTS outh CarolinaSouthCarSouthCarolinaolinaHorry CountyHorry County Historic Historic Resource ResourceSurveySurvey Horry County Historic Resource Survey Horry County , South Carolina Report submitted to: South Carolina Department of Archives and History 8301 Parklane Road Columbia, SC 29223 and Horry County Planning and Zoning Department 1301 2nd Avenue, Suite 1D09 Conway, SC 29526 Report prepared by: New South Associates 6150 East Ponce de Leon Avenue Stone Mountain, Georgia 30083 Mary Beth Reed Principal Investigator Historian and Co-Author Staci Richey Historian and Co-Author Jennifer Langdale June 30, 2009 Final Report New South Associates Technical Report 1364 Horry County Historic RESOURCES SURVEY i ABSTRACT In response to the proposed expansion of I-73 through Horry County , the South Carolina Department of Transportation (SCDOT) and Horry County created funding to be administered by the South Carolina Department of Archives and History (SCDAH) for the completion of a countywide Historic resources survey of Horry County .

2 Resources fifty years or older, as well as significant structures from the 1955-1965 period were to be recorded. The findings of the countywide survey will be used as a planning tool for a wide variety of purposes including: County , state or regional preservation initiatives; the identification of Historic sites, districts or landscapes for possible nominations for the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP); and to provide data for preservation education and outreach within the County . The SCDAH selected New South Associates to perform the countywide Historic resources survey, excluding the proposed I-73 corridor. Brockington and Associates surveyed the proposed transportation route, approximately an eight-mile wide corridor stretching from around Highway 917 to Galivants Ferry on the western border of the County and heading southeast to just below the Highway 22 By-Pass, about five miles north of downtown Conway.

3 The survey area also excluded the town limits of Conway, except for resources dating to the 1955-1965 period, since New South Associates completed a comprehensive survey of this area in 2005. This document discusses the Historic context and resources recorded by New South Associates during the 2006 fieldwork. The total number of Horry County resources surveyed stands at 2,914. New South Associates surveyed 2,683 resources; the I-73 corridor study yielded 231 resources. Both studies provided recommendations for each Resource s eligibility to the NRHP. Survey results from both studies are incorporated in Appendix A, as well as the South Carolina State Historic Preservation Office s (SHPO) comments on the NRHP evaluations.

4 Full SHPO comments on the survey recommendations for the countywide survey are provided in Appendix B. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The completion of this Historic context and resources report for Horry County would not have been possible without the assistance of several key individuals. Thanks is extended to the staff of the Horry County Planning Department for making information available and for conducting the information meeting to kick off the project, particular thanks is due Ravin Gore and Carol Coleman of that department. The planning staff at the City of Myrtle Beach, particularly Diane Moskow-McKenzie, was especially helpful in providing information on the city s history and current growth and, along with Cathy Wiggins of Chapin Memorial Library and a grant from the Chapin Foundation, coordinated another public information meeting for the survey.

5 All of the participants at the public meeting are thanked for filling out surveys about worthwhile sites in Myrtle Beach. Barbara Stokes, the Chapin Memorial Library, and the University of South Carolina Press gladly made Stokes manuscript on the history of Myrtle Beach available. Walter Hill of the Horry County Museum made himself available to discuss local history and provide images from the museum collection. David Kelly, with the South Carolina State Historic Preservation Office, helped organize research efforts for past surveys of the County and suggested potential bibliographic resources. Jennifer Revels, then director of the Palmetto Trust for Historic Preservation, provided insightful advice on survey methods and gave generously of her time.

6 Several building owners contributed information about their sites during the field survey and are thanked for their contribution. Mrs. Jane Charles was one of several helpful homeowners who offered information about their homes; she also serves on the Board of Architectural Review, which was gracious enough to allow the surveyors to sit in on a monthly meeting. Buddy Styers volunteered information about the last motor court hotel in Myrtle Beach and was gracious enough to talk with surveyors about the structures at the former Myrtle Beach Air Force Base. The Interpretive Ranger Ann Wilson at the Myrtle Beach State Park was very helpful during the survey and took time out to guide surveyors through the park and list construction dates for significant structures there.

7 Brenda Rowell Bromell took time out of her day to speak with surveyors about preservation in Atlantic Beach. Dawn Snider, on staff with the North Myrtle Beach planning office, provided information about Historic sites in the town. Robin Kopp and other staff of the South Caroliniana Library provided access to essential research materials. Thomas Quinn, Jessica Avasthi, Jennifer Wilson, and David Diener performed several tasks including graphics, layout, and production for this report. In addition, the New South Associates team provided guidance throughout fieldwork and report writing. This report would not have been produced with such ease if not for the help of these skilled team members. Horry County Historic RESOURCES SURVEY iii TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF LIST OF LIST OF I.

8 II. Historical Architectural III. Historic Contact Colonial Antebellum Era to the Civil War: Civil Reconstruction to Tobacco to Tourism: 1920s to the WWII and the Postwar The 1970s Through IV. SURVEY National Register Listed Survey Building Types, Cemeteries, Landscapes, and Residential Agricultural Commercial Educational Religious Civic/Social Leisure Little North Myrtle Atlantic Briarcliffe Myrtle Surfside Garden City Bucksport, Green Galivants iv V. NATIONAL REGISTER OF Historic PLACES EVALUATION OF SURVEYED Individual Residential Educational Religious Commercial Industrial Funerary Transportation Civic/Social Entertainment/Miscellaneous AgriculturAl Tourism Farm Proposed Historic Jordanville Historic Myrtle Beach State Meher Baba Spiritual Center (Restricted Site).

9 102 Loris Historic Commercial Ocean Drive Beach Commercial Atlantic Beach Historic Crescent Beach Historic Ocean Forest Historic Burchap Drive Historic Proposed Annex to Myrtle Heights-Oak Park Historic Withers Swash Historic Myrtle Beach Additional SHPO Data VI. PRESERVATION Current Educational Myrtle Beach Air Force Commercial Residential Agricultural African-American Recent Past and modern Rivoli Modern Modern Preservation Local Preservation REFERENCES APPENDIX A. SURVEY RESULTS APPENDIX B. SHPO NATIONAL REGISTER EVALUATIONS Horry County Historic RESOURCES SURVEY v LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Location of Horry County ..2 Figure 2. 1757 Map ..9 Figure 3. Mouzon Map, 1775, Showing Kingston Figure 4.

10 1820 Map of Horry District, Improved for Mills Atlas ..13 Figure 5. 1856 Depiction of Horry Shows Most Roads Leading to Figure 6. The Butler Turpentine and Lumber Mill, Photograph from Figure 7. 1902 Map ..24 Figure 8. Tobacco Pack House ..25 Figure 9. Myrtle Beach and Conway ..28 Figure 10. 1939 Map Depicts the State Highway Figure 11. 2005 Horry County Highway Figure 12. Residential Figure 13. Residential Styles Figure 14. Agricultural Figure 15. Commercial Styles ..50 Figure 16. Commercial Styles Continued ..51 Figure 17. School Styles ..53 Figure 18. Religious Styles ..55 Figure 19. Cemetery Figure 20. Civic, Social, and Leisure Figure 21. Figure 22. Structures ..62 Figure 23. Some Proposed National Register Sites.