Transcription of HyperSQL User Guide - HyperSQL Database …
1 HyperSQL user GuideHyperSQL Database engine by , Blaine Simpson, and Fred ToussiHyperSQL user Guide : HyperSQL Database engine , Blaine Simpson, and Fred Toussi$Revision: 5805 $Publication date 2018-05-20 12:12:26-0400 Copyright 2002-2018 Blaine Simpson, Fred Toussi and The HSQL Development Group. Permission is granted to distribute this document withoutany alteration under the terms of the HSQLDB license. You are not allowed to distribute or display this document on the web in an altered of ContentsPreface .. xiiiAvailable formats for this document .. xiii1. Running and Using HyperSQL .
2 1 Introduction .. 1 The HSQLDB Jar .. 1 Running Database Access Tools .. 2A HyperSQL Database .. 2In-Process Access to Database Catalogs .. 3 Server Modes .. 4 HyperSQL HSQL Server .. 4 HyperSQL HTTP Server .. 5 HyperSQL HTTP Servlet .. 5 Connecting to a Database Server .. 5 Security Considerations .. 6 Using Multiple Databases .. 6 Accessing the Data .. 6 Closing the Database .. 7 Creating a New Database .. 72. SQL Language.
3 9 Standards Support .. 9 SQL Data and Tables .. 9 Temporary Tables .. 10 Persistent Tables .. 10 Short Guide to Data Types .. 11 Data Types and Operations .. 12 Numeric Types .. 12 Boolean Type .. 14 Character String Types .. 14 Binary String Types .. 15 Bit String Types .. 16 Lob Data .. 17 Storage and Handling of Java Objects .. 17 Type Length, Precision and Scale .. 18 Datetime types .. 19 Interval Types .. 23 Arrays.
4 26 Array Definition .. 26 Array Reference .. 27 Array Operations .. 28 Indexes and Query Speed .. 30 Query Processing and Optimisation .. 31 Indexes and Conditions .. 31 Indexes and Operations .. 31 Indexes and ORDER BY, OFFSET and LIMIT .. 323. Sessions and Transactions .. 33 Overview .. 33 Session Attributes and Variables .. 33 Session Attributes .. 34 Session Variables .. 34 Session Tables .. 34 Transactions and Concurrency Control.
5 35 HyperSQL user GuideivTwo Phase Locking .. 35 Two Phase Locking with Snapshot Isolation .. 36 Lock Contention in 2PL .. 36 Locks in SQL Routines and Triggers .. 36 MVCC .. 36 Choosing the Transaction Model .. 37 Schema and Database Change .. 38 Simultaneous Access to Tables .. 38 Viewing Sessions .. 38 Session and Transaction Control Statements .. 394. Schemas and Database Objects .. 46 Overview .. 46 Schemas and Schema Objects .. 46 Names and References.
6 47 Character Sets .. 47 Collations .. 48 Distinct Types .. 49 Domains .. 49 Number Sequences .. 49 Tables .. 51 Views .. 52 Constraints .. 52 Assertions .. 53 Triggers .. 53 Routines .. 54 Indexes .. 54 Synonyms .. 54 Statements for Schema Definition and Manipulation .. 54 Common Elements and Statements .. 54 Renaming Objects .. 56 Commenting Objects .. 56 Schema Creation .. 57 Table Creation .. 58 Table Manipulation.
7 63 View Creation and Manipulation .. 68 Domain Creation and Manipulation .. 69 Trigger Creation .. 70 Routine Creation .. 72 Sequence Creation .. 74 SQL Procedure Statement .. 76 Other Schema Object Creation .. 76 The Information Schema .. 80 Predefined Character Sets, Collations and Domains .. 80 Views in INFORMATION SCHEMA .. 80 Visibility of Information .. 80 Name Information .. 80 Data Type Information .. 81 Product Information .. 81 Operations Information.
8 81 SQL Standard Views .. 815. Text Tables .. 88 Overview .. 88 The Implementation .. 88 Definition of Tables .. 88 HyperSQL user GuidevScope and Reassignment .. 88 Null Values in Columns of Text Tables .. 89 Configuration .. 89 Disconnecting Text Tables .. 91 Text File Usage .. 91 Text File Global Properties .. 92 Transactions .. 936. Access Control .. 94 Overview .. 94 Authorizations and Access Control .. 94 Built-In Roles and Users.
9 95 Listing Users and Roles .. 96 Access Rights .. 96 Statements for Authorization and Access Control .. 977. Data Access and Change .. 102 Overview .. 102 Cursors And Result Sets .. 102 Columns and Rows .. 102 Navigation .. 102 Updatability .. 103 Sensitivity .. 104 Holdability .. 104 Autocommit .. 104 JDBC Overview .. 104 JDBC Parameters .. 105 JDBC and Data Change Statements .. 105 JDBC Callable Statement .. 106 JDBC Returned Values.
10 106 Cursor Declaration .. 107 Syntax Elements .. 107 Literals .. 107 References, etc.. 111 Value Expression .. 112 Predicates .. 119 Aggregate Functions .. 125 Other Syntax Elements .. 127 Data Access Statements .. 128 Select Statement .. 129 Table .. 129 Subquery .. 129 Query Specification .. 130 Table Expression .. 130 Joined Table .. 133 Selection .. 135 Projection .. 135 Computed Columns .. 136 Naming.
