I. Anti-Infective Agents Antibiotics

1 1 2018/09/10 I. Anti-Infective Agents A. Antibiotics 1. Penicillins Amoxicillin B Brand name Amoxil 25mg/cc; 60cc/bot 250mg/cap (supercillin) 500mg/cap OAMOS OAMO2 OAMO5 Indication Sinusitis, otitis media, bacterial pharyngitis. Dosage Adult: q8h-q12h. Child: 25-50mg/kg/day in divided q8h-12h. Side effect Allergy reaction, skin rash, itching.

2 Precaution 7 Ampicillin B Brand name Ampicillin sodium500mg/vial IAMPI Indication Sinusitis, otitis media, pharyngitis. Dosage Adult: IV 50-250mg/kg/day q6h (max: 12 g/day). Child: IV 100-400mg/kg/day given q6h. Side effect skin rash, diarrhea, headache. 2 Dicloxacillin B Brand name Ziefmycin 250mg/cap ODICL Indication Sinusitis, skin and soft tissue infection, pharyngitis. Dosage Child > 40kg and adults: PO 125-500mg q6h.

3 Child < 40kg: in divided every 6 hr. Side effect: Skin rash, headache, vomiting. Oxacillin sod B Brand name Ocillina 1 g/vial IOXAC Indication Sinusitis, skin and soft tissue infections . Dosage Adult(>40kg): IM or IV (10-30mins) 250mg-2g q4-6h. Child (<40kg): IM or IV (10-30mins) 50-100mg/kg/day in divided q4-6h,(max:12g/day) Side effect Mild diarrhea, skin rash, nausea. Precaution 3 Piperacillin C Brand name Picillina 2g/vial IPIP2 Indication: treatment G(-) G(+).

4 3 Dosage Adult: IM, IV 2-4g q4-8h. Children 12 years and Adolescents: , : Refer to adult dosing (max: 24 g daily) Penicillin G sod B Brand name Penicillin G 300 /vial IPG3 Indication Gonococcal arthritis, Listeriosis, bacterial meningitis, penumonia, pericarditis. Dosage Adult:IM,IV (>10 mins)2-24 MU/day q4-6h Infant and child : MU/kg/day q4-6h, max:24MU/day Side effect Anemia, seizure, thrombocytopenia. Precaution Aminoglycosides 2.

5 Antihistamine epinephrine, oxygen, aminophyllin, IV steroids Treatment of Anaphylaxis: 1. Epinephrine a. IM or SC 1: 1000 (1) Adult: every 5 min as necessary, titrated to effects (2)Pediatric: every 5 min as necessary, titrated to effects , , . b. : Give 4 IV( ml of a 1: 10000 solution) every 5-10 minutes or an IV infusion at 1-4mcg/min. If intravenous access is not available, the endotracheal route may be used; give (5ml of a 1: 10000 solution) down the endotracheal tube.

6 2. , CPR 3. , , Dopamine or Norepinephrine 4. Epinephrine , beta2-agonist, : Aerosolized beta-2 agonists a. Adult: (1) Albuterol: ,diluted to 3ml of NS, may be given continuously (2) Ipratropium: in 3ml of NS, repeat as necessary b. Pediatric: (1) Albuterol: ,diluted to 3ml of NS, may be given continuously (2) Ipratropium: in 3ml of NS, repeat as necessary 5. , methylprednisolone IV 1-2mg/kg penicillin G Benzathine injectable suspension B Brand name Bicillin L-A 240 /4ml/vial IPG24 Indication Mild to moderately, severe infections caused by organism susceptible to low concentrations of penicillin G.

7 Dosage Adult- Usual dosage range: : million 5 units as a single dose Group A streptococcal upper respiratory infection: as a single dose. Prophylaxis of recurrent rheumatic fever: 25000-50000 units/kg every 3-4 weeks. Early million units as a single dose in 2 ingection sites Child- Usual dosage range: : 25,000-50,000 units/kg as a single dose (max: million units) Group A streptococcal pharyngitis(< kg): as a single dose.

8 Side effect Local pain, convulsions, fever, rash. Precaution Deep IM. 2. -Lactamase Inhibitors Augmentin ; AmoClav; Curam; Moxiclav B Curam Syrup : 457mg/5ml Amoxicillin trihydrate 400mg Clavulanic acid 57mg Oral suspension (Amoxicillin 250mg+Clavulanic +aspartame ) Vial: (Amoxicillin 500mg + clavulanic acid 100mg)/vial Tab: ( Amoxicillin 875 mg + Clavulanic acid 125mg)/tab : OAUGMS : OAUGMC IAUGM OAUGM 6 Indication Acute otitis media, skin & soft tissue infection.

9 Dosage PO: 1 tab bid Syrup(80mg /ml amoxicillin) 2~6yrs : ~5ml bid. 7~12yrs : 5~10ml bid. Oral suspension:(50mg /ml amoxicillin) 2~12yrs : 30~60mg/kg/day divided 3 times. <2 yrs : 30~40mg/kg/day divided 3 times Injection: Adult: IV q8h or q6h. 3 month-12y/o: IV 25mg of amoxicillin/kg q8-6h. < 3month: IV 25mg of amoxicillin /kg q12-8h . Side effect GI reaction, headache, vaginal candidiasis. Precaution 1. 7 potassium; aspartame 2.

10 25 C 3-4 5 C 8 Piperacillin B Contains Piperacillin 2g/vial IPIPI2 Indication Infection of lower respiratory tract, urinary tract , bone and joint infection. Dosage Adult- Usual dosage range: : 2g every 6 or 8 hours, max: 24 g daily. Child- 7 Infants : 100-300mg/kg/day, q6 or 8 hours Side effect Diarrhea, fever, constipation,. Pipe&Tazo B Contains Pipril 2g + (Pisutam)/vial ITAZO Indication Infection of lower respiratory tract, urinary tract , bone and joint infection.