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1 Page 1 of 8. Lesson 3. MAIN IDEAS. Geography Seeking an ocean route to Asia, portugal sent out explorers on sea voyages. Geography Searching for a new route to Asia, Columbus sailed west across the Atlantic and reached the Americas. Geography After Columbus' first voyage, a number of explorers made the trip to the Americas. TAKING NOTES The Victoria This Reading Skill: Summarizing illustration shows explorer Ferdinand Magellan aboard To summarize is to restate a passage in fewer words. his ship the Victoria on his After you read Lesson 3, write a sentence or two voyage around the world.

2 Summarizing each of the three main sections. Use a chart like the one below to record your summaries. Each summary statement is started for you. The Age of Exploration The Portuguese used advances in technology to help .. By sailing west across the Atlantic, Columbus .. After Columbus' first voyage, several European nations .. Skillbuilder Handbook, page R3. Know the great voyages Framework This unit begins with CST 2 Students construct various of discovery, the locations of the age of exploration, with special time lines of key events, people, the routes, and the influence of attention given to Spanish and and periods of the historical era cartography in the development of Portuguese explorations in the they are studying.

3 A new European worldview. New World. 510 Chapter 15. Page 2 of 8. TERMS & NAMES. The Age of sponsor caravel astrolabe Exploration Treaty of Tordesillas circumnavigate Build on What You Know Inventions and a spirit of investigation helped bring about many scientific discoveries. In this lesson, you will learn how scientific developments and the desire for wealth led to an age of exploration. portugal Leads the Way ESSENTIAL QUESTION How did portugal find an ocean route to Asia? Since the Middle Ages, Europeans had craved luxury goods, such as silks and spices, from Asia.

4 During this time, Italian and Muslim merchants controlled overland trade between Europe and Asia. Merchants from such countries as portugal , Spain, England, and France wanted a share of this trade. To do this, these merchants needed to find a sea route to Asia. Henry the Navigator Portuguese merchants were the first Europeans to establish sea trade with Asia. They were able to do this, in part, because they had government backing. Prince Prince Henry's School Henry, the son of portugal 's king, was a strong supporter of The fortress at Sagres exploration.

5 He set up a school on portugal 's southwest coast (SAH greesh), at the southwestern tip of for mapmakers, navigators, and shipbuilders. He also sponsored portugal , probably voyages of exploration. A sponsor is a person who gives money was the location for an undertaking, such as a voyage. Even though he rarely of Prince Henry's boarded a ship, Henry became known as the Navigator. navigation school.. 511. Page 3 of 8. Portuguese Explorations Technology and Exploration Around Africa, 1418 1498. Technological advances made at Henry the Navigator's school Voyages sponsored by Henry the Navigator (1418 1460).

6 Aided Portuguese exploration. 40 . N. portugal Dias (1487 1488). Shipbuilders there perfected the Lisbon SPAIN. Sagres da Gama (1497 1498). caravel, a ship designed for long Canary voyages. Caravels had both the Islands INDIA. square sails used on European Cape Verde Tropic of Cancer 20 N. Islands ships and the triangular lateen sails A F R I C A. Goa used on Arabian ships. Square sails Calicut provided caravels with power, and N. lateen sails permitted quick turns. Equator W E 0 . Portuguese sailors also S Mombasa INDIAN. borrowed instruments from OCEAN.

7 ATLANTIC. other cultures. They tracked Mozambique OCEAN. their direction with a compass, a 20 S. Tropic of Capricorn Chinese invention. The Portuguese 0 500 1000 miles also used the astrolabe, which was Cape of 0 500 1000 kilometers invented by the ancient Greeks Good Hope and improved by the Arabs. An GEOGRAPHY SKILLBUILDER 40 . S. astrolabe measures the angle of INTERPRETING MAPS. the stars above the horizon. This Location Why was it to portugal 's information helped sailors find advantage to seek sea routes to the east? their ship's latitude, or the distance 40 W 20 W 0 20 E 40 E 60 E 80 E 100 E 120 E.

8 North or south of the equator. Reaching India By the time that Henry the Navigator died in 1460, the Portuguese had set up trading posts along Africa's west coast. There they developed a profitable trade for gold, ivory, and , Inc. slaves. Soon, however, they set their sights beyond Africa. In 1488, the Portuguese explorer Bartolomeu DiasMcDougal-Littell, rounded 7th grade World History Program wh07pe-081503-003. Africa's southern tip. (See the map on this page.) He Portuguese then sailedExplorations up Around Africa, 1420 1498. part of Africa's east coast before returning home.

9 Vasco da Gama Final proof date: 7/21/04. extended Dias's route, sailing east all the way to India in 1498. A few years later, the Portuguese set up a trading post in India. Then they continued moving eastward. In time, they set up several trade centers in the Spice Islands present-day Indonesia. Overland trade from Asia to Europe tended to be expensive, because cargo had to be loaded and unloaded many times. Sea trade, however, was much cheaper. The cargo did not have to be handled so frequently. As a result, the Portuguese could charge less for spices.

10 For a time, portugal dominated European trade with Asia. What type of technology aided Portuguese exploration? 512 Chapter 15. Page 4 of 8. Columbus Reaches America ESSENTIAL QUESTION Why did Columbus sail west across the Atlantic, and what did he find? While the Portuguese headed east to secure trade routes, an Italian navigator named Christopher Columbus looked west. He hoped to find a westward route to the riches of Asia. Columbus' First Voyage By studying existing maps and reports, Columbus knew that Earth was round. Because of this, Columbus thought that he could reach Asia sooner if he sailed west instead of east around Africa.