IEC 61000 ESD, EFT, and Surge Bus Protection for …

1 1 TIDUB36B March2016 RevisedJanuary2017 SubmitDocumentationFeedbackCopyright 2016 2017,TexasInstrumentsIncorporatedIEC 61000 ESD,EFT,and SurgeBus Protectionfor CANR eferenceDesignTI DesignsIEC 61000 ESD,EFT,and SurgeBus Protectionfor CANR eferenceDesignTI DesignsTI Designsprovidethe foundationthat you needincludingmethodology,testingand designfiles toquicklyevaluateand customizethe Designshelpyouaccelerateyourtime to E2E BoardLevelIEC 61000 -4-2 ESDE valuation BoardLevelIEC 61000 -4-4 EFT Evaluation BoardLevelIEC 61000 -4-5 SurgeEvaluation EasyControlof TransceiversLogicI/O Pins Pad Site Evaluationof MultipleTVSD iodeStructures BournsTransientBlockingUnit (TBU)HighSpeedProtection BournsRadialLeadedMetalOxideVaristor(MOV )OvervoltageProtection BournsThyristorOvervoltageProtection BournsGas DischargeTube(GDT)OvervoltageProtection GeneralPurposeEvaluationModuleFor Half-DuplexTI CANT ransceiversFeaturedApplications ClassicalCANand CANFD Operationin HighlyLoadedCANN etworksDownto 10- kbpsNetworksUsingTXDDTO IndustrialAutomation,Control,Sensors,and DriveSystems Building,Security,and ClimateControlAutomation CANBus StandardsSuchas CANopen,DeviceNet,NMEA2000,ARNIC825,ISO1 1783,andCANaerospaceAn IMPORTANTNOTICEat the end of this TI referencedesignaddressesauthorizeduse, intellectualpropertymattersand otherimportantdisclaimersand March2016 RevisedJanuary2017 SubmitDocumentationFeedbackCopyright 2016 2017,TexasInstrumentsIncorporatedIEC 61000 ESD,EFT,and SurgeBus Protectionfor CANR eferenceDesign1 DesignOverviewIndustrialnetworkssuchas CAN,RS-485,RS-422,RS-232,and Profibusare expectedto withstandharshsystem-leveltransientsin theirend be causedbyelectrostaticdischargeduringhand ling,interruptionof inductiveloads,relaycontactbounce.

2 Or meettheserequirementscan be challengingwithoutthe propertoolsand knowledgeaboutthe standardsthat the 61000 ESD,EFT,and SurgeBus Protectionfor CANR eferenceDesign(TIDUB36) showsapracticalexampleof how to protectthe ISO 11898standard,the IEC 61000 -4-xtransienttest standards,andthe implementationof systemlevelprotectionagainstthesetransie ntswith manystandardsthat may be referencedby engineerslookingto ensureESDrobustnessin theirend (HBM),MachineModel(MM),and ChargedDeviceModel(CDM)are themostcommonESDstandardsin industry,as mostvendorsprovidedataon theseparametersin thesupportingdocumentationfor a not take into accountsystem-levelESDeventsand are solelymeantas thedevicemakesit throughthe handlingand assemblyprocesswithoutbeingdamagedby ,MM,and CDMare sufficientmodelsfor manyapplications,but someindustrialapplicationsaresubjectedto o muchgreaterstressesthanthe energylevelsthat next threesectionsdiscussthe IEC 61000 -4-2 ElectrostaticDischargeImmunityTest,IEC 61000 -4-4 ElectricalFastTransient/BurstImmunityTes t,the IEC 61000 -4-5 SurgeImmunityTeststandardsand the expectedlevelsof energythe industrialsystemmay March2016 RevisedJanuary2017 SubmitDocumentationFeedbackCopyright 2016 2017,TexasInstrumentsIncorporatedIEC 61000 ESD,EFT.

3 And SurgeBus Protectionfor 61000 -4-2 ElectrostaticDischargeImmunityTestThe IEC 61000 -4-2 ESDimmunitytest is a system-levelESDtest that imitatesa chargedoperatordischargingontoan end characteristicsof the IEC ESDtest differfromthat of otherESDstandardsin rise times,the amountof energydeliveredduringthe strike,and the numberof strikesadministeredduringthe two typesof testingmethodsinvolvedwith the IEC ESD:contactdischargeand air contactESDtest dischargesan ESDpulsefroman IEC ESDgun directlyontothe deviceundertest (DUT).The air ESDdischargetest involvesmovingthe chargedESDgun towardsthe DUTuntil the air breaksdownenoughto allowconductionof the ESDstrikebetweenthe ESDgun and the IEC ESDtestingis performedwith bothpositiveand negativepolarities,and a passingscoreis not achievedunlessbothpolaritiesat a singlelevelare the IEC 61000 -4-2 ESDtest voltagelevelsand the IEC 61000 4-2 ESDTestVoltageLevelsCONTACTDISCHARGEAIR DISCHARGEL evelTestVoltage(kV)PeakCurrent(A)LevelTe stVoltage(kV) *SpecialSpecial*SpecialNOTE.

4 * is an levelmustbe specifiedin the specified,specialtest equipmentmay be showsthe basicshapeof the IEC ESDpulseand showsthe timingsequenceof the test CurrentWaveformof the IEC ESDP ulseand TimingSequenceof the March2016 RevisedJanuary2017 SubmitDocumentationFeedbackCopyright 2016 2017,TexasInstrumentsIncorporatedIEC 61000 ESD,EFT,and SurgeBus Protectionfor 61000 -4-4 ElectricalFastTransientand BurstImmunityTestThe IEC 61000 -4-4electricalfast transient(EFT)or burstimmunitytest is meantto simulatethe switchingtransientscausedby the interruptionof inductiveloads,and EFT test isperformedon powerlines,I/O datalines,I/O controllinesand EFT test is a burstofpulsesthat havepredeterminedamplitudeand typicaldurationof a burstis 15 ms ata repetitionrate of 5 kHz,although100 kHz repetitionis a morerealistictest. The burstperiod,whichisthe time fromthe startof one burstto the startof the next burst,is 300 ms. The test requirestheapplicationof six burstframesof ten secondsdurationwith ten atypicalEFT test sequence3 millionpulsesare deliveredto the DUTthrougha capacitiveclampwhichcouplesthe energyinto the lists the IEC 61000 -4-4 EFT test voltagelevelsand repetitionrates:Table2.

5 IEC 16000 4-2 ESDTestVoltageLevelsON POWERPORT,PEON I/O SIGNAL,DATAANDCONTROLPORTSL evelTestVoltage(kV)RepetitionRate(kHz)Te stVoltage(kV)RepetitionRate(kHz) or or 100215 or or 100325 or 10015 or 100445 or 10025 or 100*SpecialSpecial*SpecialNOTE:* is an levelmustbe specifiedin the showsthe basicshapeof the IEC EFT pulseand showsthe timingsequenceof the test VoltageWaveformof an EFT (Burst)Pulseand TimingSequenceof an March2016 RevisedJanuary2017 SubmitDocumentationFeedbackCopyright 2016 2017,TexasInstrumentsIncorporatedIEC 61000 ESD,EFT,and SurgeBus Protectionfor 61000 4-5 SurgeImmunityTestThe IEC 61000 -4-5surgeimmunitytest is the mostseveretransientimmunitytest in termsof test is meantto simulatetransientscausedby director indirectlightningstrikesas well asthe switchingof powersystemsincludingload changesand surgegenerator s outputwaveformsare specifiedfor openand this test are high current(dueto low generatorimpedance)and long the surgeimmunitytest is approximately1000timeslongerthanthat of IEC ESDandIEC EFT,resultingin test requiresfive positivesurgepulsesand five negativesurgepulseswith a time intervalbetweenpulsesof one ,this time intervalis reducedto somethingshorterthanone minuteto help reduceoveralltest lists the IEC surgeopencircuitvoltagetest IEC SurgeOpenCircuitVoltageTestLevelsLEVELOP EN-CIRCUITVOTLAGE 10%(kV) *SpecialNOTE:* May be any levelabove,below,or in betweenthe levelmay be specifiedin the showsthe basicshapeof the IEC surgepulseand showsthe timingsequenceof the test Voltageand CurrentWaveformof a SurgePulseand TimingSequenceof a March2016 RevisedJanuary2017 SubmitDocumentationFeedbackCopyright 2016 2017,TexasInstrumentsIncorporatedIEC 61000 ESD,EFT,and SurgeBus Protectionfor CANR eferenceDesign3 SystemDescriptionIn this TI Design,thereare four differentprotectioncircuitarchitecturesu singdevicesfromBournsInc.

6 Circuitone encompassesa TVSdiodeon the bus pins,circuittwo implementsthe sameTVSdiodeon thebus pins alongwith metaloxidevaristors(MOVs)and a transientblockingunit (TBU).Circuitthreeagainusesthe TVSdiodeand TBU,but the MOVis replacedby a thyristor,and in circuitfour the thyristorisswappedfor a gas dischargetube(GDT).All of thesecircuitsprovideprotectionfor the CANtransceiverfromlethalESD,EFT (burst),and TVSdiodeacts as a clampingcircuitredirectingthe transientenergyto ground, MOV,thyristor,and GDTprotectthe BournsTBUfromexposureto excessivetransientvoltage,clampingthe transientto a levelless thanthe transientcurrentexceedsthe TBUtriggercurrentlimit,the sub-microsecondresponseof theTBUlimitsthe currentflow to the MOV,thyristor,and GDTreducethe transientsto a fewhundredvoltsof clampingvoltagewhilethe TBUslimit transientcurrentto less than1 mA. Figure4 showsthe TI Designwith all CANT ransceiverWithTVSD iode,MOV,Thyristor,GDT,and Standardand Transceivers7 TIDUB36B March2016 RevisedJanuary2017 SubmitDocumentationFeedbackCopyright 2016 2017,TexasInstrumentsIncorporatedIEC 61000 ESD,EFT,and SurgeBus Protectionfor CANR eferenceDesign4 ISO11898-42 Standardand 2 StandardControllerareanetworkor CANis an InternationalStandardizationOrganization (ISO)definedserialcommunicationbus originallydevelopedfor the automotiveindustryto replacethe complexwiringharnesswith a two-wirebus.

7 The specificationcallsfor high immunityto electricalinterferenceand the abilitytoself-diagnoseand to expandedpopularityfor CANin industrialapplicationssuchas buildingautomation,processcontrolautomat ion,elevators,constructionequipment,and robotics, CANcommunicationsstandard,ISO-11898,foll owsthe opensystemsinterconnection(OSI)modeland definesfunctionsin termsof specificationof the physicallayer,whichis wherethe TItransceiverresides,is summarizedin sectiontwo of the ISO11898standard(ISO11898-2).ISO11898-2d escribesthe physicallayerfor classicalCANas a differentialbus technologythat supportsa maximumsignalingrate of 1 Mbpsovera bus lengthof 40 meterswith a maximumof 30 ISO 11898-2documentalso describesthe DC and AC requirementsthat a CANtransceivermustmeetin orderto documentstatesthat a transceivermustsupporta minimumoutputdifferentialvoltageof V acrossa 54 load and a nominaldifferentialinputcapacitanceof CANtransceiversmeetor exceedthe requirementsset by the ISO 11898standardand supportotherfeaturessuchas VIOvoltagesupport,shutdownmode,slopecont rol,and integratedIEC of thesefeaturesare nice to have,this TI Designonly focuseson the SN65 HVD267(a standard5-V CANtransceiverwith integratedIEC ESDprotectiondesignedfor 2-Mbpsoperation),and theSN65 HVD257(a standard5-V CANtransceiverwith integratedIEC ESDprotectiondesignedfor 1-Mbpsoperation).

8 TCAN1042transceiversupportshalf-duplexop erationand is designedfor CANFD databus networksin TCAN1042is poweredby a 5-V supply,supportsCANFD dataratesup to 5 Mbps,and is fully compliantto the TCAN1042is feature-richwithundervoltageprotection(U VLO)on the supplypins and VIO pin, 70-busfault Protection ,receiverdominantstatetimeout( RXDDTO),driverdominantstatetimeout(RXDDT O),and pins,CANHand CANL,haveintegratedESDprotectionmakingth emrobustto ESDeventswith high levelsof protectionagainstHBM,CDM,IEC 61000 -4-2,and TCAN1042exceeds 8-kVcontactand 15-kVair dischargeof IEC61000-4-2 ESDprotection,and 10 kV HBMprotectionon TCAN1051transceivercomplimentsthe TCAN1042describedin , but possessesa silentfunctionratherthanthe standbyfunctionpresentin the SN65 HVD267transceiversupportshalf-duplexoper ationand is designedfor CANdatabus networksin SN65 HVD267deviceis poweredby a 5-V supply,supportsCANFD dataratesup to 2 Mbps,and is fully compliantto the SN65 HVD267isfeature-richwith undervoltageprotection(UVLO)on the supplypins, 27 to 40 V bus fault Protection ,receiverdominantstatetimeout( RXDDTO),driverdominantstatetimeout(RXDDT O)

9 ,thermalshutdownprotection,and a fault pin bus pins,CANHand CANL,haveintegratedESDprotectionmakingth emrobustto ESDeventswith high levelsof protectionagainstHBM,CDM,IEC61000-4-2and SN65 HVD267supports 8 kV of IEC 61000 -4-2 ESDprotection, 12 kVHBM Protection ,and 4kV IEC EFT protectionon SN65 HVD257transceivercomplimentsthe SN65 HVD267describedin , but is optimizedfor dataratesup to 1 Mbpsratherthan2 March2016 RevisedJanuary2017 SubmitDocumentationFeedbackCopyright 2016 2017,TexasInstrumentsIncorporatedIEC 61000 ESD,EFT,and SurgeBus Protectionfor CANR eferenceDesign5 SystemDesignTheoryThis TI Designfeaturesfour robustprotectionschemes;a TVSdiode,a transientblockingunit (TBU),ametaloxidevaristor(MOV),a thyristor,and a gas boardcontainsa pad site for an 8-pin SOICCAN transceiverwith the SN65 HVD267installed,and bananajacksfor injectingthe ESD,EFT,and surgetest conceptbehindthe designis to protectthe CANtransceiverfromlethaltransientscaused by electrostaticdischargeduringhandling,int erruptionof inductiveloads,relaycontactbounce, ,energythat is deliveredduringone of thesetransienteventscan be largeenoughin amplitudeto permanentlydamagethe TVSis usedto acts as a clampingcircuitto redirectany high energypulsesto groundand awayfromthe diodeneedsto be ratedfor the typeof energylevelsthat are expectedper the designwas donewith the IEC 61000 -4-2standardin mind,and usesthe CDSOT23-SM712as it is ratedfor this type of TBUhigh speedprotectoris usedto shieldthe TVSdiodeand the CANtransceiverfromAC powercrosseventsor largetransients,as well as transientcurrentexceedsthe triggercurrentlevelon the TBUdevice.

10 The TBUclampsor crowbarsthe currentto a safe levelbytransitioningto a high MOV,thyristor,and GDTprotectthe TBUdevicefromhigh voltagesurgescausedby lightningstrikes,powercontact,and MOV,thyristor,and GDTdeviceshavefast turn on timesandhigh currenthandlingcapabilityto protectthe TBU,TVS,and reasonbehindprovidingseparatecircuitsfor the MOV,thyristor,and GDTis that they eachprovidea lists the levelof protectionprovideby OvervoltageProtectionLevelsDEVICEPROTECT IONLEVELM etalOxideVaristor(MOV-10D201K)185 VThyristor(TISP424M3 BJR-S)240 VGas DischargeTube(2031-42T-SM-RPLF)360 March2016 RevisedJanuary2017 SubmitDocumentationFeedbackCopyright 2016 2017,TexasInstrumentsIncorporatedIEC 61000 ESD,EFT,and SurgeBus Protectionfor CANR eferenceDesign6 GettingStartedHardwareThe TIDUB36designincludesa CDSOT23-SM712 TVSdiodefromBourns,a TBU-CA0065-200-WHfromBourns,a MOV-14D561 KTRfromBourns,a TISP4240M3 BJR-SfromBourns,a 2031-42T-SM-RPLF fromBorns,and a TCAN1042 CANtransceiverfromTI. The deviceis placedinto normaloperatingmodebypullingpin 8 of the transceiverlow throughJMP1for circuitone,JMP7for circuit2, JMP13for circuit3,and propermodeis enabled,the devicefunctionalitycan be checkedvia the two pinbergheaderlabeledTXDwhichis the driverpin, the two pin bergheaderlabeledRXDwhichis thereceiverpin, and the bus pins via the four pin bergheaderlabeledCANHand verified.