IN THE EAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY

1 GOVERNANCE OF SCIENCE, technology AND innovation IN THE east AFRICAN COMMUNITYiGOVERNANCE OF SCIENCE, technology ANDINNOVATION IN THE east AFRICAN COMMUNITYiGODBER W. TUMUSHABE JOHN OUMA- MUGABEACODE Policy Research Series No. 51, 2012 INAUGURAL BIENNUAL REPORT 2012 GOVERNANCE OFSC ENCE,TECHNOL GY and NNOVATION IN THE east AFRICAN COMMUNITYGOVERNANCE OFSC ENCE,TECHNOL GY and NNOVATION IN THE east AFRICAN COMMUNITYRNNNNNAAAAGODBER W. TUMUSHABE JOHN OUMA- MUGABEA dvocates Coalition for Development and Environment INAUGURAL BIENNUAL REPORT 2012 GOVERNANCE OF SCIENCE, technology AND innovation IN THE east AFRICAN COMMUNITYiiPublished by ACODEP.

2 O. Box 29836, KampalaEmail: :Tumushabe, G. W and Mugabe, J. O (2012). Governance of Science, technology and innovation in the east AFRICAN COMMUNITY : Inaugurals Biennial Report 2012. ACODE Policy Research Series, No. 51, 2012. Kampala. ACODE 2012 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher. ACODE policy work is supported by generous donations and grants from bilateral donors and charitable foundations.

3 The reproduction or use of this publication for academic or charitable purposes or for purposes of informing public policy is excluded from this 9789970070 145 Cover PhotosRight: A locally made wind turbine for producing electricity at Alwa Secondary School in Kaberamaido, Uganda. (Ministry of Energy Library, Uganda)Centre-bottom: Methane extraction in Lake Kivu, Rwanda. ( )Centre-top: A locally made meter in Kenya for measuring moisture in cereals. (ACODE Digital library).AGROBIOTEC, a privately owned tissue culture laboratory in Bujumbura, Burundi. (ACODE Digital library)GOVERNANCE OF SCIENCE, technology AND innovation IN THE east AFRICAN COMMUNITYiiiDr.

4 Edwardina Otieno Ndhine Senior Science Secretary for Informa-tion and Necessary Action, National Council for Science and technology (NCST), KenyaProf. Mathias Bashahu Professor - Faculty of Physics, Uni-versity of Burundi Dr. Jean Ndimubandi Dean of the Faculty of Agronomy, University of Burundi / Chairperson, Plan of Actions, Strategies and Act on Science, technology and Research, BurundiDr. Tatien Masharabu Director General - Directorate Sci-ence, technology & Research, Minis-try of Higher Education and Scientifi c Research, BurundiMr. RemmyTwiringiyimana Director of Research & Development, Ministry of Education, RwandaMs.

5 Antonia Mutoro Executive Director, Institute of Policy Analysis and Research (IPAR), RwandaDr. BitrinaDiyamett Executive Director, Science, Technol-ogy and innovation Policy Research Organization (STIPRO)Ms. Stella Muheki State Attorney, Ministry of Justice and Constitutional Affairs, UgandaDr. Ronald Naluwairo Research Fellow, Advocates Coalition for Development and Environment (ACODE)Members of the Independent Panel of ExpertsGOVERNANCE OF SCIENCE, technology AND innovation IN THE east AFRICAN COMMUNITYivDr. Philippe Mawoko Director, AFRICAN Science, technology and innovation and Observatory (AU/NEPAD) Mr.

6 Charles Bariti Chief Information and Documenta-tion Offi cer, Kenya Industrial Property InstituteMr. Julius Ecuru Assistant Executive Secretary, Ugan-da National Council for Science and technology , UgandaMr. BiserekoKyomuhendo Intellectual Property Expert, Ministry of Justice and Constitutional Affairs, UgandaMr. John Barisigara Senior Information Offi cer and Head of Resource Unit, Ministry of Trade, Industries and Cooperatives, UgandaDr. Paul Nampala Lecturer, Faculty of Agriculture, Mak-erere University, UgandaMr. Richard B. Lutalo Senior Science Offi cer and Head of S & T Statistics, Uganda National Council for Science and technology , UgandaMr.

7 Javason Kamugisha Principal Legal Offi cer, Ministry of east AFRICAN COMMUNITY Affairs, UgandaMr. Salvatore Amutenda Principal Education Offi cer, Ministry of east AFRICAN COMMUNITY Affairs, UgandaGOVERNANCE OF SCIENCE, technology AND innovation IN THE east AFRICAN COMMUNITYvTable of contentsBIBLIOGRAPHY Publications in this SeriesFootnotes0163278008694690100 CHAPTER ONEI ntroductionCHAPTER TWOA Political Economy of the east AFRICAN CommunityCHAPTER THREEA Framework for Analysing the Governance of Science, technology and innovation in EACCHAPTER FOURL egal and Institutional Framework for Co-operation in Science, technology & InnovationCHAPTER FIVEN ational STI Policies.

8 Achieving Convergence and IntegrationCHAPTER SIXI nstitutions for Science, technology and innovation DevelopmentCHAPTER SEVENI nvestments in Science, technology and InnovationCHAPTER EIGHTL earning to Build Technological Capabilities in the EAC: Lessons from the Developed WorldCHAPTER NINET owards EAC System of InnovationMembers of the Independent Panel of ExpertsList of AbbreviationsAcknowledgementsiiiviix1071 10116 GOVERNANCE OF SCIENCE, technology AND innovation IN THE east AFRICAN COMMUNITYviACODE Advocates Coalition for Development and EnvironmentAEC AFRICAN Economic CommunityASTI Agricultural Science and technology IndicatorsASTII AFRICAN Science, technology and Innovations IndicatorsASTIO AFRICAN Science.

9 technology and innovation ObservatoryAU AFRICAN UnionBRELA Business Registration and Licencing Agency CEMAC Communaut conomiqueet Mon taire des Etats de l Afrique CentraleCOMESA Common Market for east and Central Africa COSTECH Commission for Science and technology DSTR Directorate of Science technology and ResearchEABC east AFRICAN Business CouncilEAC east AFRICAN CommunityEAC east AFRICAN COMMUNITY EAC-CU east AFRICAN COMMUNITY Customs UnionEACJ east AFRICAN Court of JusticeEADB east AFRICAN Development BankEALA east AFRICAN Legislative AssemblyEASTECO east AFRICAN Science and technology CommissionECCAS Economic COMMUNITY of Central AFRICAN StatesECOWAS Economic COMMUNITY of West AFRICAN States EU European UnionFACAGRO Faculty of AgronomyFP Framework Programme FTE Full Time EquivalentGAFTA Greater Arab Free TradeList of AbbreviationsGOVERNANCE OF SCIENCE.

10 technology AND innovation IN THE east AFRICAN COMMUNITYviiGDP Gross Domestic ProductGERD Gross Expenditure on Research and DevelopmentGNI Gross National Income GSS Government Support to ScientistsICTs Information and Communication TechnologiesIFPRI International Food Policy Research InstituteIGAD Intergovernmental Authority on DevelopmentIPRs Intellectual Property Rights ISABU Institute of Agronomic sciences of BurundiKARI Kenya Agricultural Research InstituteKBS Kenya Bureau of StatisticsKENREF Kenya National Research FundKIPI Kenya Industrial Property InstituteMDGs Millennium Development GoalsMINEDUC Ministry of Education, RwandaMOST Ministry of Science and TechnologyNARF National Agricultural Research FundNCST National Council for Science and TechnologyNCSTI National Commission on Science, technology and InnovationNEPAD New Partnership for Africa s Development NRF National Research FundNSTIP National Science, technology and innovation PolicyNSTP National Science.