Integrated Traffic Control Design

1 Improving landfill monitoring programswith the aid of geoelectrical - imaging techniquesand geographical information systems Master s Thesis in the Master Degree Programme, Civil Engineering KEVIN HINED epartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering Division of GeoEngineering Engineering Geology Research GroupCHALMERS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGYG teborg, Sweden 2005 Master s Thesis 2005:22 Integrated Traffic Control DesignMaster s Thesis in Intelligent Systems DesignMichael NilssonDepartment of Signal & SystemsDivision of Automatic Control & Automation & and MechatronicsChalmers University of TechnologyGothenburg, Sweden 2013 AbstractIn this thesis a modular code skeleton for combining Variable Message Signs (VMS)and Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) as a combined system are being presented.

2 Basiccontrol theory for the two Control types are given with corresponding pseudo code. Alsosimulation with the different controllers are compared and discussed. Finally some tipsand tricks regarding the simulation software vissim are given. Even tough the simula-tion software vissim is in the focus, this thesis can be used to support implementationof combined controllers in other software as well. Important to note is that the con-trollers implemented are merely to verify that the code skeleton is working.

3 In otherwords, the simulation results presented in this thesis arenotto be used when judgingthe performance of a controlled are many people I would like to thank for supporting me while doing this master sthesis, so thank you all, you know who you are. But there are some people I would like tomention especially since their help have been very important. First I would like to thankStefan Pettersson at Viktoria Institute for accepting me as a master s thesis student atthe company and providing me with necessary contacts, a working area and support onregulator questions.

4 A big thank also goes to J anos Polg ar for a tremendous help withgetting me into the vissim software and how to program the different modules. Alsoa huge thank you goes to Adam Bal azs Kulcs ar who made this thesis possible both bygiving me the idea for it and for, during the whole project time, committed and whole-heartedly helped and guided me in the right direction based on his great knowledge andexperience in the field of Traffic Control . Another thank goes to Koenraad Verduyn andhis colleagues at PTV Vision for helping me with the vissim license and for assistancein some software and programming issues.

5 Finally, I would like to thank my lovely girl-friend Maria for cheering me up when it sometime felt hopeless and for listening on mychatter about Traffic during this Nilsson, G oteborg 2013-06-01 AbbreviationsACC = Adaptive Cruise ControlVMS = Variable Message SignGUI = Graphical User InterfaceBPW = Backward Propagating WavePTV = Planung Transport VerkehrContents1 Motivation .. Method .. vissim software .. Studio 2010 .. Contribution ..32 Control The ACC controller .. The VMS controller.

6 Control layout ..83 Aspects of car-following Macroscopic .. Microscopic .. BPW .. 144 Simulation setup - Input .. Simulation setup - Network .. The uncontrolled simulation .. VMS controller .. ACC .. Combined controller .. 305 Review of the results .. Uncontrolled simulation .. VMS .. ACC .. Combined controller .. Discussion resume .. 416 Further research487 GUI (main programme).

7 COM module .. Driver Model .. 52 Bibliography55ii1 IntroductionSince the number of vehicles and the need for transportation permanently grows, Traffic congestions have become one of the most important Traffic Control relatedchallenge nowadays. By being able to improve the Control of road networks, thecapacity of a road can not only be increased, but also make the roads more adapting the speed of vehicles based on the current situation on the road the amountof sudden-braking can be reduced.

8 There are different perspectives on how to Control carsin a network. Two common views are the microscopic view and the macroscopic the microscopic view each car is adapting it s speed to the current Traffic the actuator adapting the speed is the person who drives the car. Drivers havedifferent perspectives on how to drive. One perspective is an ego-centric driver who onlyhas focus on improving it s own situation to get as short travel time as possible whileanother is a social driver interacting with it s surrounding.

9 Surely a social driver will givethe network a better over-all performance than the ego-centric driver would. However,even though the social driver is doing it s best to create a good driving situation for allthe vehicles on the network, there are still limitations. A driver might be able to seeand adapt it s speed based on the situation some hundreds meter ahead in good drivingconditions but the driver can t know what is happening kilometres ahead. Here themacroscopic Control view is different.

10 When using macroscopic controls it s not a singleobject that matters, it s a more global view of the flow. In this case the macroscopic viewis whole segments of a road where the density, which is based on the numbers of cars perkilometre on the road, is what s being used to Control the Traffic . If the density peakson a segment and causes congestion, this information can be used to change the allowedspeed using variable message signs several kilometres before the congestion. Doing thatwill reduce the severity of the congestion both on a safety level and on a flow level.