INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE - United …

1 -UNITEDNATIONSGENERAL ASSEMBLY'.v.'rlCT01930I1"-'I'iF)A:: ."Ni,'I'I,..\ J'," ,..J~~l,'-"'-p'--~..REPORTOFTHE1 August1979-31 July1980 INTERNATIONALCOURTOFJUSTICEOFFICIALRECOR DS:THIRTY-FIFTHSESSIONSUPPLEMENTNo. 4(A/35/4)111), REPORTOF THEINTERNATIONALCOURTOFJUSTICE1 August1979-31 July1980 GENERAL ASSEMBLYOFFICIALRECORDS:THIRTY-FIFTHSESS IONSUPPLEMENTNo. 4(A/35/4)UNITEDNATIONSNewYork, asymbolindicatesa referenceto a UnitedNationsdocument.,[Original:English /French][2 September1980] .. OFTHECOURT .. (Tunisia/LibyanArabJamahiriya).. ( ) .. THECOURT . '". THE COURTiJTreaties,theConventionof21 February1971onPsychotropicSubstances,the ConsularConventionof28 April1972betweenBelgiumandTurkey,andtheC onventionof14 December1973onthePreventionandPunishment ofCrimesagainstInternationallyPro-tected Persons, ,sectionIll,of the/.

2 ,thejurisdictionoftheCourtextendstotreat iesorconventionsinforceprovidingforrefer -enceto thePermanentCourtofInternationalJustice( Statute, ). :UnitedNations(GeneralAssembly,SecurityC oun-cil,EconomicandSocialCouncil,Trustee shipCouncil,InterimCommitteeoftheGeneral As-sembly,CommitteeonApplicationsforRevi ewofAdministrativeTribunalJudgements);In ternationalLabourOrganisation:FoodandAgr iculture OrganizationoftheUnitedNations;UnitedNat ionsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrg anization:WorldHealthOrganization:Intern ationalBankforReconstructionandDevel-opm ent:InternationalFinanceCorporation;Inte rnationalDevelopmentAssociation;Internat ionalMonetaryFund; be itsRegis-traras , :Members:PresidentWaldock;Vice-President Elias:JudgesMorozov, as fol-lows:PresidentSirHumphreyWaldock:Vic e-PresidentT.

3 , , ,P. ,NagendraSingh,J. , , , ,R. Ago, A. EI-Erian, , (anumberofthemwithreservations)thejurisd ictionoftheCourtascompulsoryinaccordance withdecla-rationsfiledunderArticle36,par agraph2, :Australia,Austria,Barbados,Belgium,Bots wana,Canada,Colombia,CostaRica,Demo-crat icKarnpuchea,Denmark,DominicanRepublic,E gypt,ElSalvador,Finland,Gambia,Haiti,Hon -duras,India,Israel,Japan,Kenya,Liberia, Liechten-stein,Luxembourg,Malawi,Malta,M auritius,Mexico,Netherlands,NewZealand,N icaragua,Nigeria,Nor-way,Pakistan,Panama ,Philippines,Portugal,Somalia,Sudan,Swaz iland,Sweden,Switzerland,Togo,Uganda,Uni tedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIrela nd, bythoseStatesappearinchapterIV,section11 ,ofthe/.

4 ,togetherwithLiechtenstein,SanMarinoandS witzerland,werepartiesto THE ,respec-tively,theGovernmentsofTogoandof BarbadosdepositedwiththeSecretary-Genera ldeclarationsofacceptanceofthecompulsory jurisdictionof theCourtunderArticle36,paragraph2, ,theCourthasbeenin-formedoftheentryintof orceoffivetreatiesprovidingforthejurisdi ctionoftheCourtincontentiouscasesandregi steredwiththeSecretariatoftheUnitedNa-ti ons:theConventionof8 November1968onRoadTraffic, , Mr., 1971 onventionofI,andthe'reventionnallyPro-rc ewhichappearinoak 1979-rtextendsforrefer-ialJusticeesentau -CourtonityCoun-usteeshipneralAs-~eviewo feUnitedCulturald Devel-- InternationalCivilAviationOrganization;I nternationalTelecommunicationUnion;World MeteorologicalOrganization;Inter-Governm entalMaritimeConsultativeOrgani-zation; ( ).

5 ItmadetwoOrdersanddeliveredaJudgementint hecontentiouscaseconcerningUnitedStatesD iplomaticandConsularStaffinTehren( United States(~ ). (TUNISIA/LwiANARABJAMAHIRIYA) 1 December1978theGovernmentofTunisianotifi edtotheRegistraroftheCourtaSpecialAgree- ment,drawnup inArabicbetweenTunisiaandtheLibyanArabJa mahiriyaon10 June1977,whichhadcomeintoforceonthedateo fexchangeofinstrumentsofratification,nam ely,27 February1978. , ,,togetherwitha ,theVice-PresidentoftheCourt,byanOrderof 20 February1979,fixed30 May1980 asthetime-limitforthefilingofaMemorialby eachParty( ,p. 3).TheagentsofthePartiesfiledtheirrespec tiveMemorialswithinthistime-limitendthes ewerecommunicatedtotheotherPartyat ,havingregardtoArticle46,paragraph1,ofth eRulesofCourtandtotheperiodsspecifiedbyt hePartiesintheSpecialAgreement,madeanOrd erfixing1 December1980and2 February1981astherespectivetime-limitsfo rthefilingofaCounter-MemorialbyTunisiaan dthenbytheLibyanArabJamahiriya( , ).)

6 , ; ,sectionI, ( ) anApplicationinstitut-ingproceedingsagai nstIran,togetherwitharequestfortheindica tionofprovisionalmeasures, 9 December1979theMinisterforForeignAffairs ofIran,in alettertotheCourt,expressedtheopiniontha ttheCourtcouldnot,andshouldnot, 15 December1979theCourtmadeanOrderindicatin gprovisionalmeasurestotheeffectthat:(a)( i)TheGovernmentoftheIslamicRepublicofIra nshouldimmediatelyensurethatthepremiseso ftheUnitedStatesEmbassy,ChanceryandConsu latesberestoredtothepossessionoftheUnite dStatesau-thoritiesundertheirexclusiveco ntrol,andshouldensuretheirinviolabilitya ndeffectiveprotectionasprovidedforbythet reatiesinforcebetweenthetwoStates,andbyg eneralinternationallaw;(ii)TheGovernment oftheIslamicRepublicofIranshouldensureth eimmediaterelease,withoutanyex-ception,o fallpersonsofUnitedStatesnationalitywhoa reorhavebeenheldintheEmbassyoftheUnitedS tatesofAmericaorintheMinistryofForeignAf fairsinTehran,orhavebeenheldashostagesel sewhere,andaffordfullprotectionto allsuchpersons,inac-cordancewiththetreat iesinforcebetweenthetwoStates,andwithgen eralinternationallaw.

7 (iii)TheGovernmentoftheIslamicRepublicof Iranshould,asfromthatmoment,affordto allthediplomat-icandconsularpersonneloft heUnitedStatesthefullprotection,privileg esandimmunitiestowhichtheyareentitledund erthetreatiesinforcebetweenthetwoStates, andundergeneralinternationallaw,includin gimmunityfromanyformofcriminaljurisdicti onandfreedomandfacilitiestoleavetheterri toryofIran;(b)TheGovernmentoftheUnitedSt atesofAmer- [RAN) , andholding:esdiplomat-forForeign"pressed theuldnot, ::RepublicofpremisesofdConsulatesedState sau-andshouldirotectionasveenthetwoiubli cofIranhoutanyex-:ionalitywhoftheUnitedr eignAffairsselsewhere,'sons,inac-eenthet woniblicofIranhediplomat-tatesthefullwhi chtheyveenthetwow, anOrderof24 December1979, itsMemorialwithinthetime-limitthusappoin ted(15 January1980).]

8 TheIranianGovernmentdidnotfile itreiterateditsviewthattheCourtcouldnota ndshouldnottakecogni-zanceofthecasesubmi ttedby to apublic sittingheldon 24 May1980theCourtdeliveredaJudgement,theop erativepartofwhichreadsasfollows( , ):"TheCourt," ,"DecidesthattheIslamicRepublicofIran,by theconductwhichtheCourthassetoutinthisJu dge-ment,hasviolatedinseveralrespects,an disstillviolating,obligationsowedby it to theUnitedStatesofAmericaunderinternation alconventionsinforcebetweenthetwocountri es,as well asunderlong-establishedrulesofgeneralint ernationallaw:"Infavour:PresidentSirHump hreyWaldock:Vice-PresidentElias:JudgesFo rster,Gros,Lachs,NagendraSingh,Ruda,Mosl er,Oda,Ago,El-Erian,Sette-CamaraandBaxte r.

9 "Against:JudgesMorozovandTarazi." ,..Decidesthattheviolationsoftheseobliga tionsengagetheresponsibilityoftheIslamic RepublicofIrantowardstheUnitedStatesofAm ericaunderinternationallaw;"Infavour:Pre sidentSirHumphreyWaldock:Vice-PresidentE lias:JudgesForster,Gros,Lachs,NagendraSi ngh,Ruda,Mosler,Oda,Ago,El-Erian,Sette-C amaraandBaxter."Against:JudgesMorozovand Tarazi." ,"DecidesthattheGovernmentoftheIslamicRe -publicofIranmustimmediatelytakeallsteps toredressthesituationresultingfromtheeve ntsof4 November1979andwhatfollowedfromtheseeven ts,andtothatend:"(a)mustimmediatelytermi natetheunlawfulde-tentionoftheUnitedStat esCharged' affairesandotherdiplomaticandconsularsta ffandotherUnitedStatesnationalsnowheldho stageinIran,andmustimmediatelyreleaseeac handeveryoneandentrustthemtotheprotectin gPower(Article45 ofthe1961 ViennaConventiononDiplomaticRelations);" (b)mustensurethatallthesaidpersonshaveth enecessarymeansofleavingIranianterritory ,in-cludingmeansoftransport.

10 3"(c)mustimmediatelyplaceinthehandsofthe protectingPowerthepremises,property,arch ivesanddocumentsoftheUnitedStatesEmbassy inTehranandofitsConsulatesinIran;" ,"DecidesthatnomemberoftheUnitedStatesdi plomaticorconsularstaffmaybekeptinIranto besubjectedtoanyformofjudicialproceeding sortoparticipateinthemas awitness:" ,"DecidesthattheGovernmentoftheIslamicRe -publicofIranisunderanobligationtomakere para-tiontotheGovernmentoftheUnitedState sofAmericafortheinjurycausedtothelatterb ytheeventsof4 November1979andwhatfollowedfromtheseeven ts;"Infavour:PresidentSirHumphreyWaldock :Vice- ~.NagendraSingh,Ruda.\; ,Ago,El-Erian,Sette-CarnaraandBaxu"Again st:JudgesLachs,MorozovandTarazi." ,"Decidesthattheformandamountofsuchrepa- ration,failingagreementbetweentheParties ,shallbesettledbytheCourt,andreservesfor thispur-posethesubsequentprocedureinthec ase.