Transcription of International Narcotics Control Strategy Report
1 InternationalNarcotics ControlStrategy ReportVolume IDrug and Chemical ControlMarch 2022 United States Department of StateBureau of International Narcoticsand Law Enforcement AffairsInternationalNarcotics ControlStrategy ReportVolume IDrug and Chemical ControlMarch 2022 United States Department of StateBureau of International Narcoticsand Law Enforcement AffairsINCSR 2022 Volume 1 Table of Contents i Table of Contents Common Abbreviations .. iii International Agreements .. v Parties to UN Conventions .. vi (with dates ratified/acceded) .. vi Introduction .. 1 Overview.
2 2 Legislative Basis for the INCSR .. 5 Demand Reduction .. 8 Major Illicit Drug Producing, Drug-Transit, Significant Source, and Precursor Chemical Countries .. 12 Presidential Determination .. 14 Methodology for Government Estimates of Illegal Drug Production .. 16 Government Assistance .. 22 International Training .. 24 Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) .. 27 United States Coast Guard (USCG) .. 30 Customs and Border Protection (CBP) .. 33 Chemical Controls .. 37 Synthetic Drugs .. 67 Country Reports .. 76 Afghanistan .. 77 Albania .. 80 Armenia .. 81 The Bahamas .. 82 Belgium .. 85 Belize .. 86 Bolivia .. 89 Brazil .. 92 Burma .. 93 Cabo Verde .. 97 Cambodia .. 98 Canada .. 99 China .. 101 Colombia.
3 104 Costa Rica .. 107 Cuba .. 110 Dominican Republic .. 111 Dutch Caribbean .. 114 Eastern Caribbean .. 117 Ecuador .. 120 El Salvador .. 123 Georgia .. 126 Ghana .. 127 Guatemala .. 130 Guyana .. 133 Haiti .. 136 Honduras .. 139 India .. 142 Indonesia .. 145 INCSR 2022 Volume 1 Table of Contents ii Iran .. 148 Jamaica .. 149 Kazakhstan .. 152 Kenya .. 155 Kyrgyz Republic .. 158 Laos .. 161 Liberia .. 164 Malaysia .. 167 Mexico .. 168 Morocco .. 171 Mozambique .. 172 The Netherlands .. 173 Nicaragua .. 174 Niger .. 177 Nigeria .. 178 Pakistan .. 181 Panama .. 184 Peru .. 187 Philippines .. 190 Senegal .. 193 Spain .. 194 Suriname .. 195 Syria .. 197 Tajikistan .. 198 Tanzania .. 201 Thailand .. 202 Trinidad and Tobago.
4 203 Turkey .. 206 Turkmenistan .. 207 Ukraine .. 210 United Kingdom .. 211 Uzbekistan .. 212 Venezuela .. 215 Vietnam .. 218 INCSR 2022 Volume 1 Common Abbreviations iii Common Abbreviations APEC Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation AFRICOM Military Command for Africa ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian nations ATS Amphetamine-Type Stimulants CARICC Central Asia Regional Information Coordination Center CARSI Central America Regional Security Initiative CBP Customs and Border Protection CBSI Caribbean Basin Security Initiative DARE Drug Abuse Resistance Education DEA Drug Enforcement Administration DHS Department of Homeland Security DOJ Department of Justice DTO Drug Trafficking Organization ECOWAS Economic Community of West African States EU European Union FBI Federal Bureau of
5 Investigation FIU Financial Intelligence Unit ICE Immigration and Customs Enforcement ILEA International Law Enforcement Academy INCB International Narcotics Control Board INCSR International Narcotics Control Strategy Report INL Department of State s Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs JIATF-S Joint Interagency Task Force South JIATF-W Joint Interagency Task Force West MAOC-N Maritime Analysis and Operations Centre- Narcotics MLAT Mutual Legal Assistance Treaty MOU Memorandum of Understanding NIDA National Institute of Drug Abuse OAS Organization of American States OAS/CICAD Inter-American Drug Abuse Control Commission ONDCP Office of National Drug Control Policy NPS New Psychoactive Substances SELEC Southeast European Law Enforcement Center SIU Special Investigative Unit SOUTHCOM Military Command for the Caribbean, Central and South America TOC transnational organized crime UNODC United nations Office on Drugs and crime UNCAC United nations convention against Corruption UNTOC United nations convention against transnational organized crime USAID Agency for International Development INCSR 2022 Volume 1 Common Abbreviations iv USCG Coast Guard UTC Universal Treatment Curriculum for Substance Use Disorders WACSI West Africa Cooperative Security Initiative Ha Hectare HCL Hydrochloride (cocaine)
6 Kg Kilogram MT Metric Ton INCSR 2022 Volume 1 International Agreements v International Agreements 1988 UN Drug convention United nations convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (1988) UN Single Drug convention United nations Single convention on Narcotic Drugs (1961 as amended by the 1972 Protocol) UN Psychotropic Substances convention United nations convention on Psychotropic Substances (1971) UNCAC UN convention against Corruption (2003) UNTOC UN convention against transnational organized crime (2000) and its supplementing protocols: Trafficking in Persons Protocol Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, supplementing the United nations convention against transnational organized crime Migrant Smuggling Protocol Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Air and Sea, supplementing the United nations convention against transnational organized crime Firearms Protocol Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition.
7 Supplementing the United nations convention against transnational organized crime INCSR 2022 Volume 1 Parties to UN Conventions vi Parties to UN Conventions (with dates ratified/acceded) As of 4 November, 2021 Country convention Against transnational organized crime 1988 UN Drug convention convention Against Corruption 1. Afghanistan 24 September 2003 14 February 1992 25 August 2008 2. Albania 21 August 2002 27 June 2001 25 May 2006 3. Algeria 7 October 2002 9 May 1995 25 August 2004 4. Andorra 22 September 2011 23 July 1999 5. Angola 1 April 2013 26 October 2005 29 August 2006 6. Antigua and Barbuda 24 July 2002 5 April 1993 21 June 2006 7. Argentina 19 November 2002 28 June 1993 28 August 2006 8.
8 Armenia 1 July 2003 13 September 1993 8 March 2007 9. Australia 27 May 2004 16 November 1992 7 December 2005 10. Austria 23 September 2004 11 July 1997 11 January 2006 11. Azerbaijan 30 October 2003 22 September 1993 1 November 2005 12. Bahamas 26 September 2008 30 January 1989 10 January 2008 13. Bahrain 7 June 2004 7 February 1990 5 October 2010 14. Bangladesh 13 July 2011 11 October 1990 27 February 2007 15. Barbados 11 November 2014 15 October 1992 16. Belarus 25 June 2003 15 October 1990 17 February 2005 17. Belgium 11 August 2004 25 October 1995 25 September 2008 18. Belize 26 September 2003 24 July 1996 12 December 2016 19. Benin 30 August 2004 23 May 1997 14 October 2004 20. Bhutan 27 August 1990 21 September 2016 21.
9 Bolivia 10 October 2005 20 August 1990 5 December 2005 22. Bosnia and Herzegovina 24 April 2002 1 September 1993 26 October 2006 23. Botswana 29 August 2002 13 August 1996 27 June 2011 24. Brazil 29 January 2004 17 July 1991 15 June 2005 25. Brunei Darussalam 25 March 2008 12 November 1993 2 December 2008 26. Bulgaria 5 December 2001 24 September 1992 20 September 2006 27. Burkina Faso 15 May 2002 2 June 1992 10 October 2006 28. Burundi 24 May 2012 18 February 1993 10 March 2006 INCSR 2022 Volume 1 Parties to UN Conventions vii 29. Cambodia 12 December 2005 7 July 2005 5 September 2007 30. Cameroon 6 February 2006 28 October 1991 6 February 2006 31. Canada 13 May 2002 05 July 1990 2 October 2007 32. Cape Verde 15 July 2004 8 May 1995 23 April 2008 33.
10 Central African Republic 14 September 2004 15 October 2001 6 October 2006 34. Chad 18 August 2009 9 June 1995 26 June 2018 35. Chile 29 November 2004 13 March 1990 13 September 2006 36. China 23 September 2003 25 October 1989 13 January 2006 37. Colombia 4 August 2004 10 June 1994 27 October 2006 38. Comoros 25 September 2003 1 March 2000 11 October 2012 39. Congo 3 March 2004 13 July 2006 40. Cook Islands 4 March 2004 22 February 2005 17 October 2011 41. Costa Rica 24 July 2003 8 February 1991 21 March 2007 42. Cote d Ivoire 25 October 2012 25 November 1991 25 October 2012 43. Croatia 24 January 2003 26 July 1993 24 April 2005 44. Cuba 9 February 2007 12 June 1996 9 February 2007 45. Cyprus 22 April 2003 25 May 1990 23 February 2009 46.
