Internet of Things and Smart Cities: Challenges and Issues

1 1 2016 Raj JainWashington University in St. ~jain/ of Things and Internet of Things and Smart cities : Smart cities : Challenges and IssuesChallenges and IssuesWashington University in Saint LouisSaint Louis, MO at 2nd IEEE International Workshop on Sensors and Smart cities (SSC2016), St. Louis, MO, May 18, 2016 These slides are available on-line at: ~jain/ 2016 Raj JainWashington University in St. ~jain/ Layered Model of IoT and Smart IQ: How to measure smartness of a : Non-Technical and city Defined Secure Multi-Cloud Application Management for IoT3 2016 Raj JainWashington University in St.

2 ~jain/ : Smart EverythingTrend: Smart EverythingSmart HealthSmart HomeSmart TVSmart WatchSmart CitiesSmart IndustriesSmart CarSmart KegsSmart Space4 2016 Raj JainWashington University in St. ~jain/ s Smart ?s Smart ? Old: Smart = Can think Computation= Can Recall Storage Now: Smart = Can find quickly, Can Delegate Communicate = Networking Smart Grid, Smart Meters, Smart Cars, Smart homes, Smart cities , Smart Factories, Smart Smoke Detectors, ..Not-SmartSmart5 2016 Raj JainWashington University in St. ~jain/ Hype Cycle 2015 Gartner Hype Cycle 2015 Ref: Gartner, Hype Cycle for Emerging Technologies, 2015, July 2015, [Available to subscribers only], investmentAcquisitionsBy large corporationsMass Production6 2016 Raj JainWashington University in St.

3 ~jain/ s Hype Cycle For IoT 2015s Hype Cycle For IoT 2015 Ref: A Velosa, et al, "Hype Cycle for the Internet of Things , 2015" Gartner Report, G00272399, July 2015, 69 investmentAcquisitionsBy large corporationsMass Production7 2016 Raj JainWashington University in St. ~jain/ TrendsGoogle Trends Around for 10 years IERC-European Research Cluster on the Internet of Things funded under 7thFramework in 2009 Internet of European Things US interest started in 2009 w $ funding for Smart gridin American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 Google buysNest for $ 13, 2014 Obama invests$ in Smart GridOct 27, 20098 2016 Raj JainWashington University in St.

4 ~jain/ vs. IoTComputing vs. IoT 21 Billion devices by 2020 Ref: M. Moran, "Why the Internet of Things Will Dwarf Social (Big Data)," Gartner Report #G00289622, February 20169 2016 Raj JainWashington University in St. ~jain/ Business OpportunityIoT Business Opportunity $ Trillion by 2020 - IDC $ Trillion - Gartner $10-15 Trillion just for Industrial Internet GE $19 Trillion Internet of Everything - CiscoRef: 2016 Raj JainWashington University in St. ~jain/ 7A 7--Layer Model of IoTLayer Model of IoTMarketAcquisitionInterconnectionInteg rationApps and SWServicesAnalyticsSmart Grid, Connected home, Smart Health, Smart cities .

5 Sensors, Cameras, GPS, Meters, Smart phones, ..DECT/ULE, WiFi, Bluetooth, ZigBee, NFC, ..Sensor data, Economic, Population, GIS, ..Machine learning, predictive analytics, Data mining, ..SDN, SOA, Collaboration, Apps, CloudsEnergy, Entertainment, Health, Education, Transportation, ..ICTS ecurityManagement11 2016 Raj JainWashington University in St. ~jain/ of Research for IoTAreas of Research for : Smart devices, sensors giving real-time information, Energy : WiFi, Bluetooth, ZigBee, , ..Broadband: DSL, FTTH, Wi-Fi, 5G, .. : Multiple interfaces,Mesh networking.

6 : Big-data, data mining, Machine learning, Predictive analytics, .. & SW: SDN, SOA, Cloud computing, Web-based collaboration, Social networking, HCI, Event stream processing, .. : Remote health, On-line education, on-line laboratories, .. : Privacy, Trust, Identity, Anonymity, ..12 2016 Raj JainWashington University in St. ~jain/ is a Data ($) MineIoT is a Data ($) MineRef: 2016 Raj JainWashington University in St. ~jain/ 7A 7--Layer Model of Smart CitiesLayer Model of Smart CitiesInfrastructureAcquisitionInterconn ectionIntegrationApps and SWServicesAnalyticsRoads, Trains, Buses, Buildings, Parks.

7 Sensors, Cameras, GPS, Meters, Smart phones, ..DECT/ULE, WiFi, Bluetooth, ZigBee, NFC, ..Sensor data, Economic, Population, GIS, ..Machine learning, predictive analytics, Data mining, ..SDN, SOA, Collaboration, Apps, CloudsEnergy, Entertainment, Health, Education, Transportation, water, ..ICTS ecurityManagement14 2016 Raj JainWashington University in St. ~jain/ s the Problem?s the Problem? city = 100,000+ population Over 50% of world population lives in cities and 2050, 75% will live in urban areas Mega city = 10+ million population 11 in Asia, 4 in Latin America, 2 in Africa, 2 in Europe, 2 in North America = 21 Total in 2010 29-37 in 2025 with 14-22 in Asia city population is growing much faster than resources Need sustainableways to manageresources for city living: Water, Electricity, Housing.

8 Quality of life Smart CityRef: V. Aillaud, Digital economy and Smart m tropolies : a joint future? , B lissent, "Getting Clever About Smart cities : New Opportunities Require New Business Models," Forester, Nov 2010, 33 pp., 2016 Raj JainWashington University in St. ~jain/ vs. NewOld vs. New Governments: Last to adopt new technologies Amazon, Face book, Google: Use the latest technologiesInternet, Smart phones, tablets, RFID, sensors, social media Smart Run a city like driven, Dynamic, Real-time, Technology-orientedSingle interface for all servicesNumerous offices16 2016 Raj JainWashington University in St.

9 ~jain/ This a New Problem?Is This a New Problem? G (April 5, 2012): Italian national observatory launches Smart cities program E (July 11, 2014): Rs. 7,060 crore for 100 Smart cities (BJP Election Manifesto) B (June 30, 2015): cisco launches IoT systems to make Smart cities smarter A (August 27, 2015): List of 98 Smart cities announced in India 1992: World Foundation for Smart Communities Smart city = Technology, Innovation, Globalization 33 yr old problem Google Trends:Ref: Gibson, , Kozmetsky, G., Smilor, (eds.), The Technopolis Phenomenon: Smart cities , Fast Systems, Global Networks, Rowman & Littlefield, New York (1992)200520072009201120132015 GEBA17 2016 Raj JainWashington University in St.

10 ~jain/ Are We Solving the Problem Now?Why Are We Solving the Problem Now? $ billion annual revenue in Smart city technology by 2023 $174 billion investment by 2023 cisco , Intel, Huawei, IBM, Fujitsu, SIEMENS are all selling ICT for Smart cities India government will spend ~$7 billion for Smart cities in the next five yearsRef: Navigant Research, Smart cities , 2016 Raj JainWashington University in St. ~jain/ cities Research in USSmart cities Research in US White House Smart cities Week (Sep 15-18, 2015, Next: Sep 27-29, 2016) $40 M Research funding from NSF Gigabit applications healthcare, energy, transportation, manufacturing, education and learning, and public safety.