INTERNET OF THINGS: TRENDS, DIRECTIONS, …

1 INTERNET OF THINGS: TRENDS, DIRECTIONS, OPPORTUNITIES, CHALLENGESI. F. AKYILDIZKen Byers Chair Professor in TelecommunicationsGeorgia Institute of TechnologySchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringBWN (Broadband Wireless Networking) LabAtlanta, GA 30332, 2017 What is the INTERNET of Things? INTERNET connects all people INTERNET of People IoTconnects all things INTERNET of Things 2 Interconnection of Things or Objects or Machines, , sensors, actuators, mobile phones, electronic devices, home appliances, any existing itemsand interact with each other via 20173 INTERNET OF THINGS GROWTHIFA 2017 MAJOR SUBJECT OF 5G WIRELESS SYSTEMS (2020-2030)4 Connection of 7 Billion of People and7 Trillion Things IFA 2017 MAJOR CHARACTERISTICSnVery Large ScalenHeterogeneitynPervasivityComputing and communication technologies will be embedded in our environments5 IFA 20174 Layers Model of IoTSmart LogisticSmart GridGreen BuildingSmart TransportEnv.

2 MonitorData CenterSearch EngineSmart DecisionInfo. SecurityData MiningWWANWPANWMANWLANI nternetGPSS mart DeviceRFIDS ensorSensorIntegrated ApplicationInformation ProcessingNetwork ConstructionSensing and Identification6 IFA 20177 INTERNET OF UNDERWATER THINGSIFA 20178 INTERNET OF UNDERGROUND THINGS IFA 20179 INTERNET of Battlefield ThingsIFA 201710 INTERNET OF SPACE THINGS Coffee mug sizeSatellitesUnivof New MexicoIFA 2017 Over body Nano-ThingsConsumer Electronic Devices Other Nano-Things Akyildiz and J. M. Jornet, The INTERNET of Nano-Things, IEEE Wireless Communications Magazine, OF NANOTHINGSIFA 201712 CalciumSignalingBacteria CommunicationMolecularMotorsHormonesInte rnetHealthcareProviderBio-CyberInterface INTERNET OF AKYILDIZ, M.

3 PIEROBON, S. BALASUBRAMANIAM, Y. KOUCHERYAVY, "THE INTERNET OF BIO-NANOTHINGS , IEEE COMMUNICATIONS MAGAZINE, MARCH 2015 Objective:To interconnect the heterogeneous Bio-NanoThingNetworks to the InternetNeuronsIFA 2017 INTERNET OF THINGS: PERSPECTIVEAny TIME Any THINGAny PLACE Human to Human (H2H) Human to Thing (H2T) Thing to Thing (T2T) Outdoors Indoors On the Move On the Move Outdoors and Indoors Nights and Daytime13 IFA 2017 TOP INDUSTRIES KEY FOR IOTAPPLICATIONS DEVELOPMENT AND REVENUE GENERATION14 Automative& TransportationIFA 2017 RECENT IOTPRODUCTS15 IFA 2017 IOTPLATFORMS ON THE MARKET nGE PredixnCisco IoTCloudnIBM Watson IoTnPTC ThingWorx16 IFA 2017GE PREDIXnUses a platform as a service (PaaS)

4 Model and is acloud-based OSnBuilt on Cloud Foundry, an open-source platform, and is optimized for secure connectivity and analytics at scale, both in the cloud and on the edge17 IFA 2017 cisco IOTCLOUDnDesigned around six pillars of technology: Network connectivity Fog computing Data analytics security (cyber and physical), Management/automation, and Application addresses challenges across a wide variety of industries, includingmanufacturing, utilities, oil and gas, transportation, mining, and the public 2017 IBM WATSON IOTC loud Foundry, Docker , OpenStack , Watson IoTPlatform developmentPlatform connects sensors to cloud applications using IBM Bluemix 19 IFA 2017 PTC THINGWORX nThree pillars of technology.

5 LCore application enablementlConnection services with device and cloud adopters, andlEdge connectivity using the Edge MicroServerand Edge Always On devices(27% market share)20 IFA 2017 APPLICATION OF IOT: SMART HOME Remote Monitoring/Control (Appliances) safety : When do the doors open/close? Energy Management: Turn off the lights/AC? Maintenance: Are the sinks/pipes leaking? Entertainment Control 21 IFA 2017 ADOPTION OF IOTNETWORKS: HEALTHCARE INDUSTRY22 Remote patient monitoring services Mobile health technology Telemedicine Medication Management Improved Clinical Care Employee workflow management and Inpatient monitoringThe global IoT healthcare market is expected to grow from$ billion in 2015 to $ billion by 2020:IFA 2017 Adoption of IoTNetworks: Transportation23 Save lives and property Reduce emissions and Cut commuting time and effortIFA 2017 SCV GatewayTethered connectionInternal WiFiExternal WiFiDSRC (Multiple)3G, 4G/ LTEB luetoothAdoption of IoTNetworks.

6 2017 Intelligent Transportation Driver warning, autopilot, emergency self stop, traffic management Real-time vehicle tracking and fleet management Route planning information, high-precision estimated arrival times Valuable data for insurance companies25 IFA 2017 ADOPTION OF IOTNETWORKS: SMART GRID26. Utility companies use IoTto improve * asset performance * reduce costs* infrastructure management, * lower supply chain risks and * empower employees and consumers* More efficient and proactive maintenance By the end of 2017, annual smart grid spending in China could total $20 billion, with smart meters comprising$2 billion of that totalIFA 2017 TRENDS IN SPENDING FOR IOT SOLUTIONS27 Worldwide IoTmarket will grow from $ B/2014 to $ T/2020 with a compound annual growth rate of market is estimated to grow at a CAGR of from 2015 to 2020 to reach $ Bby service spending (including professional, consumer and connectivity services)

7 Will reach$482 billion in 2020, growing at a 21% CAGR from 2013. IoTmarket in manufacturing operations will grow from $ to $ Global spending on retail IoT initiatives is expected to grow from $ B/2015 to $35 2017 IOTCONNECTIVITY COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPER ange (m)Data Rate11010010005000100 bps10 kbps100 kbps1 Mbps10 2017 Current 3 GPP Standardization for IoTeMTC NB-IoTEC-GSMR elease 13 Category M device for LTEN arrowband IoTExtended Coverage GSM29 IFA 2017 SCALING TO CONNECT THE INTERNET OF THINGS30eMTC(Cat-M1)Up to 1 MHz narrowbandNB-IoT(Cat-M2)10s of kbps to 100s of kbps180 kHz narrowbandLTE Cat-1Up to 10 Mbps20 MHzLTE Advanced>10 Mbpsnx 20 MHzScaling down in complexity and powerScaling up in performance and mobilityLTEA dvanced (Today+)LTE IoT(Release 13+)

8 Significantly widening the range of enterprise and consumer use casesConnected HealthcareMobileVideoSecurityWearablesOb ject TrackingUtility MeteringSmartBuildingsCity InfrastructureEnvironmentMonitoringConne ctedCarIFA 2017 MAJOR OBSTACLES FOR IOT DEPLOYMENTSnHigh Costs of required investment in IoT infrastructurenConcerns about security and privacynLack of senior management knowledge/commitmentnWeaknesses in organization s technology infrastructurenRegulation ( , relating to data privacy)nWeaknesses in public com infrastructure available to organizationnImmaturity of industry standard around the IoTnGeneral economic uncertaintynUndeveloped consumer awarenessnAbsence of business case/business model31 IFA 2017 WHAT MEASURE THE COMPANIES TAKEN TO USE THE IOT MORE EXTENSIVELY IN THE BUSINESSnSeeking advice from third party experts/consultantsnLearning from the successes or failures of early moversnTraining existing staff to work with the IoTnConducting or sponsoring research to establish market size/demandnEstablishing a cross-functional task force to explore and/or pursue IoT opportunitiesnIntroducing new business modelsnRaising fresh capital to explore IoT

9 OptionsnHiring talent with IoT capabilitiesnEstablishing joint ventures or alliances to exploit IoT opportunitiesnEstablishing an IoT center of excellencenAcquiring a business or assets with IoT capabilities32 IFA 2017nIT services (business consulting) Major DrivernIoTdrives demand for DATA ANALYTICS:Data must be managed, integrated and analyzed nIoTdrives demand for CLOUD COMPUTINGnIoTdata DATA BROKERIoTgenerated data is bought, analyzed and sold , IBM buys The Weather Company datanInteroperability ProblemsnSecurity33 IOTTRENDS TO WATCH IN THE FUTURE IFA 2017 RESEARCH CHALLENGESnScalability (Massive Number of Devices)nHandle data generated by 50 billion devicesnReliable CoveragenMove cloud services to edge of the network (Fog Computing)nReduce data to be stored (Processing and Storage)nPower Consumption Problem (Energy Harvesting.)

10 SW Optimization)nSDN/NFV Based IoT34 IFA 201735 SDN/NFV Based IoT(5G) IFA 2017 CHALLENGE: STANDARDIZATIONnStandardization for Interoperability Heterogeneity of Sensors Interfaces to Cloud Servers36