Introduction to IEC 61850 Basics - Washington State University

1 Return to ContentsTheinformationdisclosedhereinis consideredconfidentialand/orproprietaryt oNovaTech. Neitherthisdocumentnoranyinformationdisc losedhereinshallbereproducedortransferre dinanymanner,inwholeorinpart,orusedordis closedtoothersforanypurposewhatsoever,ex ceptasspecificallyauthorizedinwritingbya nauthorizedrepresentativeofNovaTech. Copyright to ContentsIntroduction to IEC 61850 BasicsReturn to Contents2 Return to ContentsWhat is IEC 61850 ?IEC 61850 is the international standard for defining devices within substation automation systems and how they interact with one to Contents3 Return to ContentsWhat is the purpose of IEC 61850 ?

2 Provide platform for designing, integrating and maintaining substation equipment to do the following: Communications Protection Control Automation Measurements Recording MonitoringReturn to Contents4 Return to ContentsGoals of IEC 61850 Standardize Design Language Services Protocol Configuration Substation Information Device Information Device Services Naming Convention Fault Records Conformance TestsReturn to Contents5 Return to ContentsFeatures of IEC 61850 Self description capability (supports Interrogation) Fast peer-to-peer communication for tripping, blocking, interlocking Reduction of hard-wired connections Reporting featuresReturn to Contents6 Return to ContentsWhy should we consider using IEC 61850 ?

3 It could reduce the costs engineering design, installation, commissioning and maintenance Allowing adding of new equipment and configuration of new equipment to be easier Reduced wiring costs - bay devices communicate using Ethernet not copper wireReturn to Contents7 Return to ContentsIEC 61850 and and Project Language for Communication in Electrical Substations related to Communication Communication Service Mapping Mapping to Manufacturing Message Communication Service Mapping - Sample Measured TestReturn to Contents8 Return to ContentsSubstation ArchitectureControl CenterRelaysBay

4 ControllerMetersRelaysBay ControllerMetersEthernet TCP/IPIEC 61850 standard has Substation Configuration Language (SCL) that describes how all these components connect and interact with one another. Return to Contents9 Return to ContentsSCL Applications Allow vendors to specify IED capabilities Allow users to easily configure IEC 61850 client without having a point list Allow export and import of IED configuration to various apps and toolsReturn to Contents10 Return to ContentsWhat are SCL Files?XML (Extensible Markup Language )based files. The main ones are:SSD: System Specification Description Describes the entire : Substation Configuration Description Describes a single : IED Capability Description.

5 Describes complete capabilities supported by an IED. CID: Configured IED Description Configuration for a specific to Contents11 Return to ContentsDifference between ICD and CID FilesReturn to Contents12 IEC 61850 File TypesReturn to Contents13 DNP3 or similarMaster configurationIP = A voltage = AI 27 Breaker status = DI 59 Comparison Addresses must match Address assignments are project specific Address does not imply functionality Address does not enforce restrictions Address entry can be time consuming Quality bits and time stamps only available if supported by protocolIEC 61850 Client

6 Configuration Read .cid file of ABB relay Mapping of Phase A voltage to [MX] instead of AI 27 Mapping of breaker status to [ST] instead of DI 52 Comparison Data exchanged based on functional names and constraints as per .cidfile The functional names make the mapping self-explanatory Quality bits, time stamp, measurement units, and numerousother attributes built-inRead AI 27 Return AI 27 Read [MX]Return [MX]IEC 61850 Comparison with DNP3 Return to Contents14 Physical enclosureA physical device has at least one logical of node (measurement, circuit breaker, etc.)

7 Switch positionPosition, quality, valueIEC 61850 Information StructureReturn to Contents15 IEC 61850 Information StructureReturn to Contents16 Return to ContentsLogical DevicesEach device in a substation is a logical device. In the below diagram the logical devices are the RTU, Bay Controllers, Relays and Meters. When configuring IEC 61850 for a substation, each logical device should have a unique ControllerMetersRelaysBay ControllerMetersEthernet TCP/IPReturn to Contents17 Each Logical Device will support various functions. Each function can be categorized into Logical Nodes.

8 Below example, are Logical Nodes break outs for two Logical NodesReturn to Contents18 Logical NodesReturn to Contents19 Logical Node Classes System LNsReturn to Contents20 Return to ContentsLogical Node Classes ProtectionReturn to Contents21 Return to ContentsLogical Node Classes GenericReturn to Contents22 Return to ContentsLogical Node Classes Interfacing and ArchivingReturn to Contents23 Logical Node Classes Metering and MeasurementReturn to Contents24 Logical Node Classes Instrument Transformer and SensorReturn to Contents25 Logical Node

9 Classes SwitchgearReturn to Contents26 Data ObjectsReturn to Contents27 Return to ContentsExample: Data Objects for XCBR Logical NodeReturn to Contents28 Example: Data Objects for XCBR Logical NodeReturn to Contents29 Data AttributesReturn to Contents30 Many logical nodes have data objects with the same data example, discrete input variables all have the following data attributes Value Quality Timestamp DescriptionIEC 61850 has defined standard groups of data attributes which are called Common Data Classes (CDC).Each data object of a logical node belongs to a 61850 Common Data ClassesReturn to Contents31 IEC 61850 Common Data ClassesReturn to Contents32 Return to ContentsData Attributes Example for Digital InputsReturn to Contents33 Return to ContentsData Attributes Example for Analog InputsReturn to Contents34 Return to ContentsData Attributes Example for Digital OutputsReturn to Contents35 Return to ContentsData Attributes Example for Analog OutputsReturn to Contents36 Functional ConstraintDescriptionServicesSTMXP rocess values.

10 Status, measurandRead, substitute, report, logCOSPP rocess commands: binary,analog (setpoints)OperateOROperate ReceivedOperateCFDCC onfiguration,descriptionRead, write (report,log)SGSEP arameters, in settings groups(SG: active value, SE: editable value)GetSGValue,SetSGValueCB relatedEach CBtypeGetxxxCBValues,SetxxxCBValuesIEC 61850 Functional ConstraintsFunctional Contraints is a property of a data attribute that characterizes the specific use of the attributeReturn to Contents37 Return to ContentsIEC 61850 Information Structure RecapMMXU: MeasurementMX: MeasurandData Object: Ground to Phase VoltageSub Data Objects: Phase A, Complex Value, AngleData Attributes: Floating pointReturn to Contents38 Return to ContentsCID ExampleReturn to Contents39 Return to ContentsMMS and GOOSE Protocol within IEC 61850 MMS: Manufacturing Message Specification International standard dealing with messaging systems for transferring real-time process data and supervisory control information Similar to standard DNP3 Master polling DNP3 Slave for real-time dataGOOSE.