IS 2911-3 (1980): Code of practice for design and ...

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3 2911(PartIU)-1980 Indian Standard CODE OF practice FOR design AND CONSTRUCTION OF PILE FOUNDATIONS PART III UNDER-REAMED PILES ( First Revision ) Foundation Engineering Sectional Committee, BDC 43 Chairman PROP DINESH MOHAN Retresenting Central Building Research Roorkee Institute (CSIR), Members DR R. K. BHANDARI Central Bltilding Research Institute (CSIR), Koorkee SHIU I. G. CHACKO SHRI S. GUHA (Allen&e) Calcutta Port Trust, Calcutta SHRI K. N. DADINA In personal capacity (P 820, Block P, New A&ore, SHRI M. G. DANDAVATE Calcutta) SHRI N. C. DUCCAL (Alternate) Concrete Association of India, Bombay SHR~ R. K. DAS GUPTA SHFU H.

4 GUHA BISWA~ (Alternate) Simplex Concrete Piles (I) Pvt Ltd, Calcutta SHRI A. G. DA~TIDAR In personal capacity (5, Hungerford Court, 121 SHRI V. G. DESHPANDE Hungerford Street, Calcutta) DIRRCTOR (CSMRS) Pressure Piling Co (India) Pvt Ltd, Bombay Central Water Commission, New Delhi DEPUTY DIRECTOR (CSMRS) (Alternate) SHRI A. H. DIVANJX Asia Foundation and Construction Pvt Ltd, SHRI A. N. JANGLE (Alternate) Bombay SHRI A. GH- Braitzlaz:urn & Jessop Construction-_Co Ltd, SHRI N. E. A. RAGHAVAN (Al&mate) DR GOPAL RANJAN DR SHASHI K. GIJLHATI University of Roorkee, Roorkee lndian Institute of Technology, New Delhi SHRI A. VARADARAJAN (@emate) (Continued on page 2) 0 Copy@hr 1981 BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS This publication is protected under the Indian Copyright Acr (XIV of 1957) and reproduction in whole or in part by any means except with written permission of the publisher shall be deuned to be an inf.

5 Wt of copyright under the said Act. IS : 2911 (Part III) - 1980 (Continued from page 1) Members Represenfing SHRI M. IYENGAR Engineers India Ltd, New Delhi DR R. K. M. BwANDARI (AltenZafe) SHRI G. R. S. JA~N G. S. Jain & Associates, Roorkee JOINT DIRECTOR RESEARCH (SM) Ministry of Railways (RDSO) JOINT DIRECTOR R&XARCH (B & S), RDSO (Alfmute) DR R. K. KAITI SWRI K. K. KHANNA SHRI SUNIL BERRY (Alternate) SHRI S. R. KULKARNI SHRI S. ROY (Alternate) SHRI 0. P. MALHOTRA Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay National Buildings Organizatton, New Delhi M. N. Dastur and Company Pvt Ltd, Calcutta Building and Roads Branch, Public Works Depart- ment, Government of Punjab, Chandigarh Central Warehousing Corporation, New Delhi Mckenzies Limited.

6 Bombay Bokaro Steel Plant (Steel Authority of India), Bokaro Steel City %RI A. P. & fPTHlJR SHRI V. B. MATHUR SHRI Y. V. NARASIMHA RAO ,Engineer-in-Chief s Branch, Army Headquarters BRIG O~IR SINGH MAJ H. K. BHUTAN: (Alternure) Sriru B. K. PANTHAKY Hindustan Construction Co Ltd, Bombay SHRI V. M. MADOE (Alternate) PRESIDENT Indian Gcotechnicj! Society, New Delhi .. SECRETARY (Alternate) PROFESSOR (CIVIL ENGG) College of Engineering, Guindy, Madras A~~ISTAN? PROFESSOR (CIVIL ENGG) (Alternate) SHRI M. R. PUNJA Cementation Co Ltd, Bombay SHRI A. A. RAJU Steel Authority of India, New Delhi DR V. V. S. RAO Nag(adi Consultants Pvt Ltd, New Delhi SHRI ARJUN RIJHSINCHANI Cement Corporation of India, New Delhi SHRI 0.)

7 S. SRIVA~TAVA (Alternate) SHRI K. R. SAXENA Engineering Research Laboratories, Government of DR S. P. S~VA~TAVA Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad United Technical Consultants Pvt Ltd, New Delhi DR R. KAPUR (Alhnate) SHRI N. SIVAGURU Roads Wing, Ministry of Shipping and Transport SHRI S. SEETHARAMAN (Alternate) SHRI T. N. SUBBA RAO Gammon India Ltd, Bombay SHRI S. A. RzDDI (Alters&) SUPERINTENDWG ENGINEER ( design ) Central Public Works Department, New Delhi Ezzmrrrvz ENGINEER ( design V) (Alternate) SHRI M. D. TAMBEKAR Bombay Port Trust, Bombay SHRI D. AJITHA SIMHA, Director General, IS1 (l+@ icio hfembn) Director (Civ Engg) Secretary Snar K.

8 M. MATHUR Deputy Director (Civ Engg), IS1 (Continued OR page 33) 2 .Is : 2911 (PartIIq-1980 Indian Standard -CODE OF practice FOR design AND CONSTRUCTION OF PILE FOUNDATIONS PART III UNDER-REAMED PILES ( First Revision ) 0. FOREWORD This Indian Standard (Part III) (First Revision) was adopted by the Indian Standards Institution on 26 May 19801 after the draft finalized by the Foundation Engineering Sectional Comrmttee had been approved by the Civil Engineering Division Council. Under-reamed piles are of bored cast in situ and bored compaction concrete types having one or more bulbs formed by suitably enlarging the borehole for the pile stem.)

9 With the provision of bulb(s), substantial bearing or anchorage is available. These piles find application in widely varying situations in different types of soils where foundations are required to be taken down to a certain depth in view of considerations like the need (a) to avoid the undesirable effect of seasonal moisture changes as in expansive soils; (b) to reach firm strata; (c) to obtain adequate capacity for downward, upward and lateral loads and moments; or (d) to take the foundations below scour level. When the ground consists of expansive soil , for example black cotton soil , the bulb of the under-reamed pile provides anchorage against uplift due to swelling pressure -apart from the increased bearing.

10 In case,of filled-up or otherwise weak strata overlying. the firm strata, enlarged base in tht! fo;m of under-reamed bulb in firm strata provides larger bearing area and plies of greater bearing capacity can be made. In loose to medium pervious sandy and silty strata, bored compaction piles can be used as the process of compaction increases the load bearing capacity of the piles. Under-reamed piles may also be used under situations where the vibration and noise caused during construction of piles are ,to be avoided. The provision of bulb(s) is of special advantage in under-reamed piles to resist uplift and they can be used as anchors.