전기자동차및전기구동부품기술동향 - ITFIND

1 14th . October. 2010 ( , Sang-Yong Jung)Applied Energy Mechatronic System Lab.( )Dept. of EE, Dong-A University -Technical Trends and Perspective on EV and Electric PropulsionParts -IT KOREA 2010 -IT 2 Trend and Perspective on Environmental Vehicle1 Technical Trend on Electrical Vehicle Development2 Key Component Technologies in Electrical Vehicle3R&D Strategy for EV & Electric Propulsion Parts4 Outline3 Trend and Perspective on Environmental Vehicle1 5 (1 ) , (2 ) , (3 ) , (4 ) , (5 ) , (6 ) , 5 4 Climate Change / Global Warming Trend and Perspective on Environmental Vehicle2 Global Environmental Issue53 EnvironmentalVehicle ClassificationClassHybrid Electric Vehicle( HEV )Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle( Plug-in HEV )Electric Vehicle( EV )Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle( FCEV )Structure CharacteristicImprovingthefuelefficiency byoptimaldrivingwiththebesttorquecombina tionofICEandMotoraccordingtothevariousty pesofoperationChargeablebatterythroughex ternalpower,combinedcharacteristicsbetwe enthehybridvehicleandtheelectricvehicles Onlyusingthechargedelectricenergywithout theassistanceofaninternalcombustionengin eReplacingtheexistinginternalcombustione ngineintothefuelcellwhichconvertshydroge ntoelectricenergyMotorgeneratorbatteryFu el Tankengine powerPower(No engine)HydrogenTankFuel Cells(No engine)EnvironmentalVehicle.

2 A vehicle reducing the exhaust by reducing the oil or using the new energy Trend and Perspective on Environmental VehicleEngine+Motor (assistance)Battery ~ kwhBattery 4 ~ 16 kwhBattery 10 ~ 30 kwhBattery ~ kwhOnly motor drivingAvailable motor-only drivingElectricity generationby Hydrogen / oxygen Tank6 Trend and Perspective on Environmental VehicleClassificationHEVPHEVEVC onfigurationDriving CharacteristicsControlEVLimited EV DrivingOptimal EV Driving Control StrategyHEVE ngine/MotorOptimal Power Blending Strategy-BMSS ustaining (Within SOC Range)Charging + Depletion + SustainingCharging + ~ BatteryBatteryChargingw/oVehicular Charging SystemBatteryEngineMotorGas`TMClutchWhee lWheelWheelWheelFDChargerBatteryEngineMo torGas`TMClutchWheelWheelWheelWheelFDCha rgerBatteryMotor`WheelWheelWheelWheelFDR eductionGearSOCD istanceSustainingmodeDepleting modeRCDSOCD istanceSOCD istanceRecharge74 Paradigm Shift of Automobile Industry Trend and Perspective on Environmental Vehicle8EV1 FCHEVISGSoft HybridFull HybridPlug-In HybridPlug-In RangeExtender EVEV/FCHEV-Engine start-stop at idle-Engine off ondeceleration-Mild powerassist-Full Regen.

3 Braking-Engine cycle optimization-Electric launch-Limited pure electric drive-Engine downsize-Plug-in rechargeable-More electric drive during charge-depletion -Reduced refueling-Full-function electric drive-Initial pure electric range-Significantly reduced refueling-Plug-in recharge only-100% pure electric range-No refueling-+2~4%-+10~20%-+30~50% Cars-+20~40% Trucks-+100% in charge depletion-Same as full hybrid afterward-Electricity only in EV range-Same as full hybrid afterward-Electricity onlyFunctionalityFuel Economy5 Classification of Environmental Vehicle Trend and Perspective on Environmental Vehicle9 Trend and Perspective on Environmental Vehicle1 Technical Trend on Electrical Vehicle Development2 Key Component Technologies in Electrical Vehicle3R&D Strategy for EV & Electric Propulsion Parts4 Outline101 HEV (Hybrid Electric Vehicle)Define HEV is using more than two kinds of power sources (Engine + Electric Motor) Parallel-TypeFeaturesFuel Economy ImplementDriving PerformanceIdle StopEnergy RecoveryHigh EfficiencyOperation Control Total OutputSeries-type Parallel-Type Series Parallel-Type : Excellent : Superior : Unfavorable Technical Trend on Electrical Vehicle Development112 PHEV (Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle)Define Increased battery capacity Increased Driving distance Improved operation time and high performance of EV (Electric Vehicle) mode Reducing to emission, Improved fuel efficiencyFeatures EV Drive: Engine stop, only motor operating by electric energy stored in battery Plug-in: Plug installed for charging high capacity battery in vehicle Extended Range.

4 Expended EV drive range by external chargingGrid ConnectionState of Charge Technical Trend on Electrical Vehicle Development123EV (Electric Vehicle)Define Operated only by electric energy stored in battery (pollution-free environmental car)Features Using a external (re)charge Store the energy in battery (Need high-capacity battery) Driving range per once charge is an important performance index(Operation until SOCdepletion) Charging time (normally or rapidly) & Expansion of infra-structure are importantGrid ConnectionCharging Technology Technical Trend on Electrical Vehicle Development13 Mitsubishi -i-MievNissan LeafRenault FluenceHyundai i-10 Overall Size : 3395*1475*1600 mm : 130 km/h, Range(10-15 Japan) 160km Motor(PMSM) : 47kW, Charging Time : 7hr(30min, Fast) Battery : Li-PB, Voltage 330V, Energy 16kWh Overall Size : 4,445 1,770 1,550 mm : 130 km/h, Range(10-15 Japan) 160km Motor(PMSM) : 80kW, Charging Time : 8hr(30min, Fast) Battery : Li-PB, Voltage 330V Overall Size : 4,820 1,882 1,520 mm Range(10-15 Japan) 160km Motor(PMSM) : 80kW, Charging Time : 8hr(20min, Fast) Battery : Li-PB, Voltage 330V Overall Size : 3565 X 1595 X 1550 mm : 130 km/h, Range 130km Motor(PMSM) : 50kW, Charging Time : 7hr(30min, Fast) Battery : Li-PB Technical Trend on Electrical Vehicle Development144 FCEV (Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle)Define Operated by electrical power generated by chemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygenConfigurationof FCEV systemClassification of FCEVPureCombinedReformer Simple system Following Load type Fuel-Cell covers full power operation in all driving mode Efficient driving High efficiency operation of fuel cell Regenerative braking by storing energy in Aux.

5 Battery Available conventional fuel and infra-structure Vehicle installation and package problemFeaturesFuelHydrogen, Methanol, Gasoline(Needing a reformer)Energy Efficiency~ 60% (Internal combustion engines : ~ 30%)Emission LevelZEV(Hydrogen), Equivalent ZEV (Methanol, Gasoline)InfraHydrogencharging Infra need (Gasoline, Methanoluses established infra) Technical Trend on Electrical Vehicle Development15 Technical Trend on Electrical Vehicle Development5EV System Configuration166 Market Trends of Electric VehicleEV -09 - - 10 10~200 Technical Trend on Electrical Vehicle Development : Lgeri EV EV 177 World Leading Maker -Mitsubishi / Renault / Nissan MitsubishiNissanRenault i -MievLEAFFLUENCE 460 ( 3690 )376 ( 3660 ) '09 7 '10 '11 4 5 4 3,395 1,475 1,6004,445 1,770 1,5504,820 1,882 1,520 47kW80kW80kW 7 ( 30 , 80% )8 ( 30 )8 ( 20 ) 160km 130km/h140km/h Technical Trend on Electrical Vehicle Development18 Government policies of Electric Vehicle Dissemination ( ~)-KEPCO signed the MOU for building-up EV Charging infrastructure -Test drive is being held around capital area and Jeju islandHyundai Motor CompanyVehicleLight carDrive Distance130 [km]ChargingTimeNormal7 [h] [h]Maximum Speed130 [km/h]Motor50 [kW] charging Electric Vehicle Makers [1] Technical Trend on Electrical Vehicle Development199 Domestic Electric Vehicle Makers [2] MakerModelImagePerformanceFeaturesNoteGM DaewooVolt -111kW 64km 110V: 8 240V.

6 3 -55 (P-HEV) 1000km 2011 RenaultSamsungFluence -70kW : 8 : 20 160km (EV) , (3 )2011 MakerModelImagePerformanceFeaturesNoteCT &Te-Zone -60km/h 70~110km 4 (220v) 2 1000 , AD-TECSAURORA -60km/h 60~70km 4~6 (220v) 72v BLDC 2 , SGK -50km/h 80~100km 4 (220v) 2 1 2 PMDC PMDC->ML( ) BLDC Technical Trend on Electrical Vehicle Development20 Trend and Perspective on Environmental Vehicle1 Technical Trend on Electrical Vehicle Development2 Key Component Technologies in Electrical Vehicle3R&D Strategy for EV & Electric Propulsion Parts4 Outline211 Major Components and Technologies in EV Key Component Technologies in Electrical Vehicle High efficiency heating and cooling technology Regenerative braking technology Rapid charging technology High efficiency / Low priceinverter technology High efficiency / Low price motor technology High efficiency decelerator (1,2 step)

7 High energy / Low price battery technology Connection technology of battery trays and platform High efficiency / Low pricecharging technologyHome power supply[220V]22 Motor / Battery / Inverterkey-component & technologyof electric vehicleHybridMotor,InverterHigh Performance Battery Battery stackcharging,infraPlug-inHybridFuel Cell Electric VehicleElectric Vehicle Key Component Technologies in Electrical VehicleInternal combustion engineRapidChargingHybridPlug-in HybridFCEVEVM otor/InverterMass Production availableMass Production availableMass Production availableMass Production availableBatteryMass Production availableHigh Performance BatteryProduction availableHigh performance Battery and Rapid charging technologyInfraNot necessaryIn-House charging infraHydrogen charging StationsPlug-in infra and Rapid charging technologyPower -trainExisting internal combustion engines technologyExisting internal combustion engines technologyStack Cost Reduction TechnologyNot necessaryPractical Level middle A long time to achieve Component Technology sharing 23 Electric Motor for Toyota RX400h (HEV) - (Prius II) = : 6000rpm 12400rpm =.

8 500V 650V - 2 RX400h HEV RX400h HEV S N S N N N S S < V > , 2 Key Component Technologies in Electrical Vehicle24 Electric Motor for Toyota Prius III (HEV) 38km/l - 2 6,500rpm 13,900rpm - 50kW 60kW - (30% ), 2 Segment ( ) Prius II Prius III Key Component Technologies in Electrical Vehicle25 Electric Motor for Honda Insight (HEV) -Side Member, Radiator Core Support, Toe Board Dash Upper Civic HEV 15kW 10kW - 22%, 15% 22% Key Component Technologies in Electrical Vehicle26 / 1..2..3..4..5.. , , , 3 Key Component Technologies in Electrical Vehicle274 MCU , , Key Component Technologies in Electrical Vehicle285 TOYOTA Mitsubishi, Infineon, TOYOTA PRIUSII<Prius II Power Control Unit>ABC DC/DC (A) DC/DC AC (B) (C)

9 DC/DC DC/DC IGBT , DC IGBT Key Component Technologies in Electrical Vehicle29 PRIUSIII DC/DC PCU Boost Voltage650 VMotor max rotation speed13000 rpmMotor max output60 kWMax Total Output178 KVAG enerator max current88 AMotor max current170 L<Prius III Power Control Unit> PM DC Key Component Technologies in Electrical Vehicle30 HONDA TOYOTA Civic IPU UnitIntelligent Control Unit , Reliability Power Control UnitBattery Unit , 101V -> 158V Inverter Block Diagram Key Component Technologies in Electrical Vehicle31 Artwork 1..2..3..4..5.. Firmware , , , 6 Key Component Technologies in Electrical Vehicle32 EV 2015 , 2020 2020 2015 5 2010 2020 < > < > 1980~1990 : 20~30% -LS : 30~40%.

10 , , , ABB, , -2007 3,161 (2003 60% ) (2003~2007) 2004 (163 90 ), 2008 (250 105 )050,000100,000150,000200,000250,000300, 000350,00020032004200520062007196,612209 ,796226,945274,008316,111 05001,0001,5002,0002,5003,00020042005200 620072008 1,6351,6091,9821,8912,1112,0152,4722,250 2,5032,096 02000400060008000100002009E2010E2011E201 2E2013E2014E2015E2016E2017E2018E2019E202 0E2010-2015 CAGR 2010-2020 CAGR < PHEV EV >625802075331,1372,6011,6973,8585,2786,79 98,630 : , (2009. 12, ) : ( , ) Key Component Technologies in Electrical Vehicle337In-wheel System System: , System: , , In-wheel System In-wheel System Knuckle & Carrier-Stator & Rotor - ( ) - - Wheel & Tire- -A/S - & - - / / Brake- - / / - (Rotor) Weight Balancing Hub & Bearing- , - A/S Key Component Technologies in Electrical Vehicle348 Market Trends of BatteryMarketForecast Battery for hybrid will occupy 50% in 2013 , Estimated about 75% in 2020 Lithium battery market will be growingmore than millioncell-Market share rateof lithium battery will be increased according to the EV market Key Component Technologies in Electrical Vehicle ( : )` 2 ( : )* 2014 LiB EV 80% (.)